Transcript A 接口信令
GSM移动通信系统原理培训讲义 有线接口信令协议 上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司 1 2003.12 Abis接口信令 2 主叫流程（一） MS BTS Channel request BSC Channel required Channel activation Channel activation ack Immediate assignment SABM(cm_serv_req) Immediate assign command establish indication UA(cm_serv_req) CM service accept Setup Call proceeding 3 Data request(CM service accept) Data Ind(Setup) Data request(Call proceeding) 主叫流程（二） MS BTS BSC Channel activation Assignment command SABM UA Assignment Complete Channel activation ack Data req.(Assignment command) establish indication Data Ind.(Assignment Complete) Deactivate SACCH Release request(local end rel) Release confirm RF Channle release 4 Alerting RF Channel release ack Data req.(Alerting) Connect Data req.(Connect) Connect acknowledge Data Ind.(Connect acknowledge) 主叫流程（三） MS BTS Disconnect Release Release Complete BSC Data Ind.(Disconnect) Data Req.(Release) Data Ind.(Release Complete) Channel Release Data Req.(Channel Release) Deactivate SACCH DISC Release Indication UA RF Channle release RF Channel release ack 5 主叫流程（四） MS BTS Disconnect Release Release Complete BSC Data Ind.(Disconnect) Data Req.(Release) Data Ind.(Release Complete) Channel Release Data Req.(Channel Release) Deactivate SACCH DISC Release Indication UA RF Channle release RF Channel release ack 6 被叫流程（一） MS BTS Paging Request Channel request Immediate assignment SABM(pag_resp) BSC Paging Command Channel required Channel activation Channel activation ack Immediate assign command establish indication UA(pag_resp) CM service accept Setup Call confirm 7 Data req.(CM service accept) Data req.(Setup) Data ind.(Call confirm) 被叫流程（二） MS BTS BSC Channel activation Assignment command SABM UA Assignment Complete Channel activation ack Data req.(Assignment command) establish indication Data ind.(Assignment Complete) Deactivate SACCH Release request Release confirm RF Channle release RF Channel release ack Alerting Connect Connect acknowledge 8 Data ind.(Alerting) Data ind.(Connect) Data req.(Connect acknowledge) 小区间切换 MS Measurement report Handover command BTS1 BSC Measurement result Channel activation Data req.(HO command) Channel activation ack Handover access Handover detection Physical information SABM UA establish indication Handover complete Data ind.(HO complete) Release Request(local) Release Confirmation RF Channel Release RF Channel Release ACK 9 BTS2 A 接 口 信 令 10 A接口信令 11 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC ASSIGNMENT REQUEST ASSIGNMENT COMMAND ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE T10 ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE REQUEST RR Cause Interference Band To Be2Used Identity Code Channel Type Priority Classmark Information Circuit Pool Channel RR CauseType Phase1/Phase2 MSband1~band5 Normalformat bitmap for a-k:PCM No.,max 2048 Speech/data indicator:Speech/Data/Signaling Preemption Capability Indicator No1:FRV1;FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s Controlled Early Classmark Sending rate)/SDCCH xxxxx:timeslot No. ChannelLevel:1~14 rate and type:Full rate(Half Priority No4:FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s PriorityIdentity Code Circuit Circuit Cell Identifier Identity Code(MSC Allocate) Downlink Chosen Channel DTX Flag RF Power Capability Permitted speech version indication:FRV1/FRV2(EFR) Queueing Allowed Indicator:Allowed/not N05:FRV1;FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s Allowed Pseudo Synchronization Capability Preemption Vulnerability Indicator Supplementary Service Screening Indication Interference Circuit Pool Band To Be Used MT SMS pt. To pt. Capability Classmark Speech Version(Chosen) Information 2 Frequency Capability(GSM900 Extended?) A5/1;A5.2;A5/3 12 Classmark 3 A接口信令 MS BSS ASSIGNMENT COMMAND ASSIGNMENT FAILURE T10 MSC ASSIGNMENT REQUEST ASSIGNMENT FAILURE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE Cause Cause Requested terrestrial resource unavailable RR Cause Requested transcoding/rate adaption available Circuit Pool Requested speech version unavailable Circuit Pool List Circuit pool mismatch Switch circuit pool/Terrestrial circuit already allocated Equipment failure/No radio resource available/O&M intervention Radio interface message failure 13 Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel A接口信令 MS BSS MSC CLEAR REQUEST CLEAR COMMAND CLEAR COMPLETE Request Clear Command Cause Cause Radio interface message failure Call control O&M intervention Protocol error between BSS and MSC Equipment failure Preemptionsuccessful Handover Protocol error between BSS and MSC 14 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC HANDOVER REQUIRED T7 HANDOVER COMMAND HANDOVER ACCESS HANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT HANDOVER COMMAND HANDOVER REQUIED(1) HANDOVER COMPLETE T8 CLEAR REQUEST CLEAR COMMAND CLEAR COMPLETE HANDOVER FAILURE HANDOVER FAILURE Failure ACK Required Reject Request Command Handover Complete Detect Cause Layer3 Information Channel Type element except No RR information Cause for message type RR Cause Chosen Cell Identifier Channel Classmark Information 1 or 2 Response Request Circuit Pool Chosen Encryption Algorithm Priority Cell Identifier List(Preferred) ListFlag Circuit Pool Downlink DTX Circuit Code Interference Band To Be Used CurrentIdentity Channel Classmark Information 3 Speech Version(Used) 15 Speech version(Used) Queueing Indicator BSS HANDOVER REQUEST HANDOVER FAILURE HANDOVER REQUEST ACK HANDOVER DETECT HANDOVER COMPLETE CLEAR COMMAND CLEAR COMPLETE Cause Configuration Envolution Cell Identifier List Response Request Classmark Information 13 Indication Cause Requested terrestrial resource unavailable SMI:Subsequent Modification Indication, Max n,which isMS set by Uplink O&M,from 1 REJECT to 16, Request HANDOVER REQUIRED Phase1/Phase2 O&M Multi-bands intervention supported,E-GSM/DCS1800/R-GSM Uplink Quality Strength Ciphering algorithm not supported list is given in order of preference Encryption Information Controlled whether modification is allowed or not if result in no handover RF Power Capability Early Classmark for each Sending band Equipment Downlink Quality failure Downlink Strength Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable Cell Identifier(Serving) RF A5/4,A5/5,A5/6,A5/7 Power Capability Requested terrestrial resource unavailable Distance Better Cell Requested Speech version unavailable Circuit Identity Code A5/1 UCS2 message contents Invalid Traffic Response toMSC Invocation Circuit pool mismatch Switch circuit pool Cell Identifier(Target) Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable Directed Retry Switch Circuit Pool O&M intervention Equipment failure Cause Preemption O&M Intervention No radio resource available Invalid cell Current Channel Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel Config. Evolution Ind Chosen Encryption Algorithm(Serving) Terrestrial resource already allocated A接口信令 MS BSS MSC HANDOVER COMMAND HANDOVER ACCESS HANDOVER COMPLETE HANDOVER FAILURE HANDOVER PERFORMED T8 CLEAR REQUEST CLEAR COMMAND CLEAR COMPLETE Handover Performed Cause Cause Uplink Quality Uplink Strength Cell Identifier Downlink Quality Downlink Strength Chosen Channel Distance Better Cell Chosen Encryption Algorithm Traffic Directed Retry Speech Version(Chosen) Switch Circuit Pool Preemption O&M Intervention 16 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC ASSIGNMENT COMMAND ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE HANDOVER PERFORMED T10 CLEAR REQUEST CLEAR COMMAND CLEAR COMPLETE Handover Performed Cause Cause Uplink Quality Uplink Strength Cell Identifier Downlink Quality Downlink Strength Chosen Channel Switch Circuit Pool O&M Intervention Chosen Encryption Algorithm Speech Version(Chosen) 17 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC PAGING PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1/2/3 Paging Channel Needed Cell Identifier List IMSI Any channel(default) Cell Identification discrimination: TMSI SDCCH 1.CGI Cell Identifier List Channel Needed TCH/F 2.LAC+CI TCH/H 3.CI or TCH/F 4.No Cell 5.LAI 6.LAC 18 7.All Cells on the BSS A接口信令 MS CM SERVICE REQUEST PAGING RESPONSE CM REESTABLISHMENT REQUEST LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST IMSI DETACH BSS MSC COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION Extract classmark information Complete Layer 3 Information Cell Identifier Layer 3 Information Chosen Channel 19 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC CLASSMARK REQUEST CLASSMARK ENQUIRY CLASSMARK CHANGE CLASSMARK UPDATE (option suppress or delay) CLASSMARK UPDATE(handover) Classmark update Classmark Information 2 Classmark Information 3 20 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC CIPHER MODE COMMAND CIPHERING MODE COMMAND CIPHER MODE REJECT CIPHERING MODE COMPLETE CIPHER MODE COMPLETE 21 Cipher Mode Reject Command Complete Encryption Information Cipher response Mode Cause Cause Encryption Layer 3 message Information contents Permitted A5/3,A5/4, A5/5,A5/6, A5/7 IMSI mustalgorithm:A5/1,A5/2, (not) be included by MS Ciphering algorithm not supported Cipher Response Chosen Encryption Mode Algorithm Key Invalid message contents A接口信令 BSS MSC ASSIGNMENT REQUEST QUEUING INDICATION ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE T11 CLEAR REQUEST(?) BSS Queuing Indication only Message type Tqho MSC HANDOVER REQUEST QUEUING INDICATION HANDOVER REQUEST ACK HANDOVER FAILURE HANDOVER FAILURE 22 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC BLOCK/UNBLOCK T1 BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK T1 BLOCK/UNBLOCK BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK Notify to O&M BLOCK BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE UNBLOCK Circuit Identity Code Cause Connection Release Requested 23 Cause No radio resource available O&M intervention Equipment failure A接口信令 MS BSS MSC CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK T20 CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK T20 CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK Notify to O&M CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK BLOCK BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE Circuit Cause Identity Code Circuit Circuit Identity Identity Code Code List Circuit Identity Code List Circuit Identity Code List 24 Circuit Cause Identity Code List Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255 No radio resource available Status,no indication/block O&M intervention Equipment failure A接口信令 MS BSS MSC BLOCK/UNBLOCK T21 BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK T21 BLOCK/UNBLOCK BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK Notify to O&M BLOCK BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE UNBLOCK Circuit Identity Code Cause Connection Release Requested 25 Cause No radio resource available O&M intervention Equipment failure A接口信令 MS BSS MSC CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK T22 CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK T22 CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK Notify to O&M CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK BLOCK BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE Circuit Cause Identity Code Circuit Circuit Identity Identity Code Code List Circuit Identity Code List Circuit Identity Code List 26 Circuit Cause Identity Code List Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255 No radio resource available Status,no indication/block O&M intervention Equipment failure A接口信令 MS BSS MSC RESOURCE REQUEST RESOURCE INDICATION(1/2/3/4) Period RESOURCE INDICATION(1) condition met RESOURCE INDICATION(3) Resource Indication Request Resource Periodicity Avaliable Indication Method Extended Resource Indication Resource PeriodicityIndication Method Band1~Band5, 100ms~25500ms number of idle FR/HR 1:Spontaneous resource information expected SM:Subsequent Mode(only valid forRIM=2) Resource Avaliable Indication Method 2:One single resource infoprmation expected 0--Method 4 Cell Identifier 3:Periodic resource 1--if RIMinformation of before isexpected 1 or 3, no changed; Total Resource Accessible Extended Resource Indication 4: No resourceotherwise, information 4 expected TARR:Total Accessible Resource Requested 27 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC RESET T16 T13 RESET ACK RESET (1) T16 RESET (n) Reset Cause Cause O&M intervention Equipment failure 28 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC RESET T4 T2 RESET ACK RESET (1) T4 RESET (n) Reset Cause Cause O&M intervention Equipment failure 29 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC RESET CIRCUIT RESET CIRCUIT ACK UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT RESET CIRCUIT(1) T19 T19 RESET CIRCUIT(n) Reset Circuit Cause Circuit Identity Code O&M intervention Cause Equipment failure Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit Circuit Identity Code 30 A接口信令 MS BSS T12 MSC RESET CIRCUIT RESET CIRCUIT ACK UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT RESET CIRCUIT(1) T12 RESET CIRCUIT(n) Reset Circuit Cause Circuit Identity Code O&M intervention Cause Equipment failure Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit Circuit Identity Code 31 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC HANDOVER CANDIDATE ENQUIRE HANDOVER REQUIRED(1) HANDOVER REQUIRED(n) HANDOVER CANDIDATE RESPONSE Handover Candidate Enquire Number of MSs Cell Identifier List Cell Identifier Handover Candidate Response Number of MSs 32 Cell Identifier A接口信令 BSS Decrease random access traffic by 1 step T17 MSC OVERLOAD OVERLOAD(ignored) T18 OVERLOAD Decrease random access traffic by 1 step Increase random access traffic by 1 step Overload Cause Cause Processor overload O&M intervention 33 A接口信令 BSS Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step T5 MSC OVERLOAD OVERLOAD(ignored) T6 OVERLOAD Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step Increase MSC originated traffic by 1 step Overload Cause Cause Processor overload Cell Identifier O&M intervention CCCH overload 34 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC DTAP MESSAGE(SAPI in DLCI0) SAPI “n” REJECT SAPI “n” Reject Cause DLCI O&M intervention Cause Processor overload BSS not equipped MS not equipped 35 A接口信令 MS BSS MSC CONFUSION CONFUSION UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT Confusion Unequipped Circuit Cause Circuit Identity Code Cause Diagnostics Circuit Identity Code List Information element or field missing Invalid message contents Incorrect value Unknown message type Unknown information element Protocol error between BSS and MSC 36 Invalid cell A接口信令 BSS MSC BSS LOAD INDICATION LOAD INDICATION Load Indication Cause Resource Situation Time Indication Time Indication O&M intervention number of SDCCH 0:No value valid channel in each interference band Cell Identifier Equipment failure channel in each interference band number of TCH/F 255:infinite Cell Identifier List(Target) No radio resource available others:10s~2540s Resource Situation Processor overload (if without, the indicated cell is not able to perform incoming handover request) Traffic load Cause 37 A接口信令 38 MAP 接 口 信 令 39 MAP所应用的接口 • • • • • 40 VLR-HLR MSC-HLR VLR-VLR MSC-MSC MSC-EIR 用户信息、位置信息 查询路由 用户信息 切换、短消息 设备鉴权 MAP • GSM网移动系统实体 —归属位置寄存器(HLR) —拜访位置寄存器(VLR) —移动业务交换中心(MSC) —设备识别积存器(EIR) —关口局MSC(GMSC) 41 动态数据库VLR • VLR (Visitor Location Register)：拜访位置寄存器。实际上是一 个数据库，储存用户信息，主要包括： • 42 – MSRN (Mobile Station Roaming Number) : 移动台漫游号码 – TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identification) : 临时移动用户身 份 – 移动台登记的位置区（LAC） – 与补充业务有关的数据 可分配一个MSRN，还可以分配一个TMSI用于用户的身份保密。 静态数据库HLR • HLR (Home Location Register)：归属位置寄存器。实际上是一 个数据库，主要储存二类数据： – 用户数据，主要包括： • 用户的身份IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identification) • 用户ISDN号码 • VLR地址 – 用户的位置信息 43 MAP的应用 • GSM NO.7信令网的等级结构 44 HSTP HSTP LSTP LSTP SP SP HSTP SP 信令网和话路网的对应关系 • TMSC1 HSTP TMSC 2 LSTP H&LSTP TMSC 2 MSC MSC 话路 45 TMSC1 信令链 信令网的寻址方式 • MAP是专为GSM要求而设计的，是TCAP的一个 客户，位于TCAP之上。MAP协议支持一个物理实体 同时和几个物理实体的通信，主要功能是支持移动 用户的位置登记、位置删除、用户业务管理、参数 管理、漫游、越区切换、鉴权、保密数据传输等。 CIC表示该消息属于哪条话音电路（它的长度是12比 特，因此一条数字信令链路理论上可载送212 =4096 条话路的信令消息）。在GSM信令网SP、STP间传 送MAP信令消息必须有SCCP的支持，SCCP的地址 是由GT、DPC、SSN组成。 46 MAP支持的程序 • • • • • • • • 47 ---位置登记/删除 ---切换 ---复原 ---操作维护 ---补充业务 ---短消息处理 ---呼叫处理 IMEI的管理 位置登记/删除 • VLR HLR PVLR Send Authen Send Authen Ack Update-location Cancel-location Insert Sub.Data Insert Sub.Date Ack Update-location Ack 48 Cancel-location Ack 故障后复原程序——VLR复原 • VLR HLR Provide Roaming Number Provide Roaming Number Ack. Send Authentication Send Authentication Ack. Restore Data 49 故障后复原程序——VLR复原 • Insert Sub. Data Insert Sub. Data Ack Restore Data Ack. 50 故障后复原程序——HLR复原 • HLR Reset Update Location Active Trace Mode Active Trace Mode Ack. Insert Sub.Data Insert Sub.Data Ack Update Location Ack 51 VLR 呼叫建立期间获得路由数据 • GMSC HLR VLR Send Routing Information Provide Roaming Number PRN Ack. SRI Ack. 52 移动发起短消息业务传送 • MSC/VLR HLR SC Send Routing Info Send Routing Infor for SM Ack. Forward SM Forward SM Ack 53 短消息提醒程序 • MSC/VLR HLR SC Ready for SM Ready for SM Ack. Alert SMC Alert SMC Ack. 54 位置更新过程 Um A BSS VMSC B VLR Location Update 的起因： 1） SIM卡第一次使用 2）位置区发生变化 3）周期位置更新 4）IMSI attach/detach 55 new HLR Loc update D D cancellation G Id inquiring VLR old 位置更新流程 (1) 在同一VLR/MSC中的位置更新 MS BSS Loc upd req VMSC Cmpl L3 Info Authentication req Authentication resp Ciphering mode cmd Ciphering mode comp Upd loc area Authenticate Authenticate ack Cipher mode cmd Cipher mode comp Loc upd acc TMSI reallocation cmp 56 VLR Authenticate Authenticate Update location area ACK Update Set Ciphering location Mode area Forward NewACK TMSI User error SRES RAND Target location area Id User ciphering error mode:no,A5/1~7 TMSI CKSN cell Serving Provider Kc errorId Location update type IMSI Forward New TMSI ACK TMSI Provider error Previous location area Id unknown subscriber unknown location area roaming not allowed illegal subscriber illegal equipment system failure; Set ciphering mode Fwd new TMSI Upd loc area ack Fwd new TMSI ack 位置更新流程 (2) 在新的VLR中的位置更新，原VLR可及 MS BSS Loc upd req VMSC Cmpl L3 Info Auth. req Auth. resp Ciph. mode cmd Ciph. mode cmp VLRn Upd Loc area Auth. Auth. ack Ciph. Mode cmd Ciph. mode cmp Loc upd acc TMSI reallocation cmp Set ciph. mode FWD new TMSI Upd Loc area ack VLRo HLR Send Id Send Id ack Upd loc Cancel location. Cancel location ack Insert subs data Insert subs data ack Upd loc ack Fwd new TMSI ack Insert subscriber data ack IMSI MSISDN Category Bearer service list Teleservice list User error Send Identification ack service list Update location Cancel ack Subscriber status Bearer Cancel Update location ack Send Identification unknown subscriber Operator determined barring general Teleservice list Fwd info list data IMSI roaming not allowed TMSI SS code list unexpected Regional subscription response User error: data info value Call bar info listset CUG list IMSI HLR number Authentication MSC address SS-data listCAMEL phases Operator determined barring general data system failure; Supported User error:unidentified subscriber Provider error 57 Operator LMSI User errordetermined barring HPLMN data unexpected data value User error:unidentified subscriber,data missing,unexpected data value VLR number Provider error Roaming restriction due to unsupported feature Provider LMSI Provider error error Regional subscription data VLR CAMEL subscription info 位置更新流程 (3) 在新的VLR中的位置更新，原VLR不可及 MS BSS Loc upd req VMSC Cmpl L3 Info ID req ID resp Auth. resp Ciph. mode cmp Ciph. mode cmp Loc upd acc TMSI reallocation cmp Provide IMSI ack 58 Auth. Auth. ack Ciph. Mode cmd IMSI user error:absent subscriber Provider error VLRo HLR Upd Loc area Provide IMSI Provide IMSI ack Auth. req Ciph. mode cmd VLRn Send Auth. info Send Auth info ack Upd loc Cancel location. Insert subs data Cancel location ack Insert subs data ack FWD new TMSI Upd loc ack Upd Loc area ack Set ciph. mode Fwd new TMSI ack 位置更新流程 (4) 在新的VLR中的位置更新，原VLR可及，但信息丢失 MS BSS Loc upd req VMSC VLRn Upd Loc area Cmpl L3 Info ID req ID resp Provide IMSI ack Auth. req Auth. resp Ciph. mode cmd Ciph. mode cmp Ciph. Mode cmd Ciph. mode cmp Loc upd acc TMSI reallocation cmp 59 Provide IMSI Auth. Auth. ack VLRo HLR Send Id Send Id ack Send Auth. info Send Auth info ack Upd loc Cancel location. Insert subs data Cancel location ack Insert subs data ack FWD new TMSI Upd loc ack Upd Loc area ack Set ciph. mode Fwd new TMSI ack 位置更新流程 (5) 在新的VLR中的位置更新，原VLR可及，但信息丢失 MS BSS Loc upd req Id req. Id resp VMSC VLRn Loc upd req Loc area upd Id req. Id req. Id req. unknown Id resp Auth. Auth. Id resp Auth. Auth. resp Auth. resp Auth. ack Ciph. mode cmd Start ciphering Set ciph. mode Ciph. mode cmp VLRo Loc upd acc Ciph. mode cmp Loc upd acc TMSI reallocation cmp HLR Loc upd req Loc upd ack TMSI ack Cancellation. Cancellation ack 60 IMSI Detach流程 MS BSS IMSI Detach Detach IMSI IMSI TMSI 61 VMSC Cmpl L3 Info VLR Detach IMSI 清除MS流程 MS没有在规定的时间里作周期性位置更新， 或O&M操作清除MS MS BSS VMSC VLR Purge MS Purge MS ack Purge MS IMSI VLR number Purge MS ack Provider error 62 移动主叫（MO）过程 Um A BSS IAM（ISUP） VMSC B VPLMN(visited) IAM : Initial address message ISUP : ISDN user part SIFOC : Send information for outgoing call 63 SIFOC Complete call VLR MO 信令流程 MS CM service req BSS VMSC Cmpl L3 Info Authenticate request Authenticate resp CM service accept setup SIFOC Complete call Call proceeding Assignment cmd Assignment comp VLR Process access req Authenticate Authenticate ack Process access req ack Assignment request Assignment complete Alert Connect IAM ACM ANM Connect ack Complete call 64 MSISDN IMEI Category GSM bearer capability Send information for outgoing call ack Process access request ISDN bearer capability Called number IMSIservice CM typecompatibility ISDN low layer Bearer service ISDN high layer compatibility MSISDN Access connection status Teleservice CLIP provision CLIR override provision User error: Current location ID CLIR CLIR mode CUG provision index COLP provision COLR override provision Provider error TMSI/IMSI Suppress preferential CUG COLR provision No Reply Condition Timer CKSN CUG index CUG interlock Suppress CUG outgoing access CUG outgoing access Advice of Charge provision User error unidentified subscriber illegal equipment roaming not allowed unknown location area unexpected data value illegal subscriber system failure 移动被叫（MT）过程 IAM (ISUP) VMSC IAM (ISUP) GMSC B A BSS SIFIC Page/ack Complete call VLR Send routeing info/ack Provide roaming number/ack HLR SIFIC : Send information for incoming call 65 VPLMN Um 移动被叫流程 GMSC IAM VLR VMSC SIFIC Page/Search MS Process access req Process access req ack Complete call BSS Paging Cmpl L3 Info MS Paging request Paging response Setup Call conf Assignment request Assignment cmp ACM ANM Complete call ack Search MS Page Send Information for Incoming Call 66 IMSI IMSI MSRN Page type Location area ID Bearer service TMSItype Page Teleservice TMSI Dialled number Number of forwarding CUG interlock CUG outgoing access Ass cmd Ass cmp Allerting Connect Connect ack MT获取路由信息 GMSC IAM HLR Send Routing Info SRI ack VLR VMSC Provide Roaming Number PRN ack IAM Send Information ack Provide Roaming Number ack Send Routing Routing Information 67 IMSI Roaming number IMSI Interrogation type Roaming number MSC User error number GMSC address Forwarded-to number Forwarded-to Provider MSISDN MSISDNerror subaddress Notification to calling party Alerting Pattern LMSI Forwarding reason CUG interlock Redirecting presentation CUG outgoing access MSISDN Number of forwarding CUG ISDNinterlock BC ISDNoutgoing LLC CUG access ISDN HLC User error Absent subscriber Subscriber; Bearer service not provisioned; No Roaming Number determined Available; barring); Call barred (Operator OR Not Allowed; CUG reject (Called party SS interaction violation); Facility Not Supported; Data missing Facility not supported; System Failure; Forwarding violation Number changed; Data Missing; System Failure Teleservice not provisioned; Datavalue Value Unexpected data Unknown subscriber MSRN路由接续的机理 北京 TMSC TMSC 021 6495 SRI GMSC 021-64957700 “13901234567” MSISDN 上海 MSC/VLR 6495xxxx MSC/VLR PRN 江苏 MSRN 64957700 64957701 68 HLR 021-64957700 MSRN “13901234567” HLR号 0123 6485xxxx MSC/VLR 021 IAM TMSC 6495ABCD 切换流程 • • • • 69 小区内切换流程 小区间切换流程 外部切换流程 MSC间切换 小区内切换 MSC BSC MS BTS Measurement result Measurement report Channel activation Channel activation ack Assigment command (FACCH) Establish indication SABM(FACCH) UA（FACCH） Assigment complete(FACCH) HO Performed Receiver Ready(FACCH) Release Request Release Confirmation RF Channel Release RF Channel Release ACK 70 外部切换 MSC BSS2 BTS2 Handover Required Handover Request Channel Activation Channel Activation ACK HO Request ACK Handover Command Handover Detection Handover Detection Establish Indication Handover Complete Handover Complete Clear Command Clear Command 71 BSS1 BTS1 Measurement Result Measurement Report(SACCH) Handover Command(FACCH) Handover Access(FACCH) Physical Information (FACCH) SABM (FACCH) UA (FACCH) Handover Complete (FACCH) Receiver Ready (FACCH) Release Request Release Confirmation RF Channel Release RF CH Release ACK MS MSC间切换流程（一） 需要电路连接的MSC间基本切换 MS/BSS-A MSC-A HO Required HO Command Clear Command Clear Complete MSC-B Prep HO Prep HO ack IAM ACM Proc access sig Send end sig req ANS Release Send end sig ack Send Process end Handover access signalsignal Report Prepare Handover ack BSS BSS APDU APDU Handover Target cell number ID Handover number BSS APDU Linked ID User error Provider error 72 BSS-B/MS Alloc HO number HO Request HO Request ack Send HO report Send HO report ack HO Detect HO Complete Clear Command Clear Complete User error No handover number available System failure Unexpected data value Data missing VLR-B MSC间切换流程（二） 不需要电路连接的MSC间基本切换 MS/BSS-A MSC-A HO Required MSC-B BSS-B/MS Prep HO HO Request HO Request ack Prep HO ack HO Command Clear Command Clear Complete Proc access sig Send end sig req Send end sig ack 73 HO Detect HO Complete Clear Command Clear Complete VLR-B MSC间切换流程（三） MSC B切换回MSC A，使用电路连接 MS/BSS-A MSC-A HO Request HO Request ack MSC-B Prep sub HO Prep sub HO ack BSS-B/MS HO Required HO Command HO Detect HO Complete Send end sig ack Release Clear Command Clear Complete Prepare subsequent Handover Target cell ID User error Target MSC number BSS APDU Subsequent handover failure Prepare subsequent Handover ack 74 User error Provider error Unkown MSC Unexpected data value Data missing VLR-B MSC间切换流程（四） MSC B切换回MSC A，不使用电路连接 MS/BSS-A MSC-A HO Request HO Request ack MSC-B Prep sub HO Prep sub HO ack BSS-B/MS HO Required HO Command HO Detect HO Complete 75 Send end sig ack Clear Command Clear Complete VLR-B MSC间切换流程（五） MSC B切换到MSC C，使用电路连接 MSC-A MSC-B Prep sub HO Prep HO BSS-B/MS HO Required MSC-C Prep HO ack IAM ACM Prep sub HO ack HO Command Proc access sig Send end sig req ANS Release Send end sig ack VLR-C Alloc HO number HO Request HO Request ack Send HO report Send HO report ack HO Detect HO Complete Clear Command Clear Complete Release Send end sig ack 76 BSS-C/MS Clear Cmd Clear Cmpl MSC间切换流程（六） MSC B切换到MSC C，不使用电路连接 MSC-A MSC-B Prep sub HO Prep HO BSS-B/MS HO Required MSC-C BSS-C/MS HO Request HO Request ack Prep HO ack Prep sub HO ack HO Command Proc access sig Send end sig req Send end sig ack Clear Command Clear Complete Send end sig ack 77 HO Detect HO Complete Clear Cmd Clear Cmpl VLR-C MSC间切换流程（七） 不需要电路连接的MSC间基本切换后，建立电路连接 MS/BSS-A MSC-A Prep HO MSC-B BSS-B/MS Alloc HO number Assignment Request Assignment Cmpl Send HO report Prep HO ack IAM ACM ANS Send HO report ack Release Send end sig ack 78 Clear Command Clear Complete VLR-B SDCCH上的短信主叫流程 MS RACH Channel Request AGCH SDCCH SDCCH SABM(CM-SERV-REQ) UA(CM-SERV-REQ) CIPH MODE CMD CIPH MODE CMP SABM(SAPI=3) UA(SAPI=3) DISC(SAPI=0) UA(SAPI=0) Local release SAPI=3 79 BTS BSC MSC Channel Request Channel Active Channel Active ACK Imm. Assignment EST IND(CM-SERV-REQ) AUTH-REQ AUTH-RES ENCR CMD CR(CM-SERV-REQ) CC(AUTH-REQ) CIPH MODE CMD CIPH MODE CMP EST IND(SAPI=3) CP-DATA CP-ACK CP-DATA CP-ACK Channel Release DEACT SACCH Release Indication RF Channel Release To SC From SC Clear Command Clear Complete SDCCH上的短信被叫流程 MS PCH RACH Page Request Channel Request AGCH SDCCH SABM(Page Response) UA(Page Resp.) SDCCH CIPH MODE CMD CIPH MODE CMP SABM(SAPI=3) UA(SAPI=3) 80 DISC(SAPI=0) UA(SAPI=0) Local release SAPI=3 BTS Paging Command Channel Request Channel Active Channel Active ACK Imm. Assignment EST IND(Page Resp.) AUTH-REQ AUTH-RES ENCR CMD EST REQ(SAPI=3) EST CONF(SAPI=3) CP-DATA CP-ACK CP-DATA CP-ACK Channel Release DEACT SACCH Release Indication RF Channel Release BSC Paging MSC From SC CR(Page Resp.) CC(AUTH-REQ) CIPH MODE CMD CIPH MODE CMP CP-DATA To SC Clear Command Clear Complete TCH上的短信主叫流程 MS BTS BSC MSC ACTIVE CALL CM SERV REQ FACCH FACCH SACCH CM SERV ACC SABM(SAPI=3) UA(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3) CP-DATA CP-ACK CP-DATA CP-ACK ACTIVE CALL 81 To SC From SC TCH上的短信被叫流程 MS BTS BSC MSC ACTIVE CALL SACCH SABM(SAPI=3) UA(SAPI=3) EST REQ(SAPI=3) From SC EST CONF(SAPI=3) CP-DATA CP-ACK CP-DATA CP-ACK ACTIVE CALL 82 CP-DATA To SC SDCCH上MSC间短信切换流程 MS BTS-A CP-DATA CP-ACK BSC-A MSC-A MSC-B BSC-B BTS-B MS To SC HANDO RQD HANDO CMD HANDO CMD PRE HANDO HANDO RQT CHAN ACTIV HANDO RQT ACK CHAN ACTIV ACK PRE HANDO ACK Process Access HANDO DET Signalling Send end signal HANDO COMP Clear CMD HANDO ACC HANDO DET Physical INF SABM(SAPI=0) UA(SAPI=0) HANDO COMP RF CHAN REL RF CHAN REL ACK Clear COMP From SC Forward Access CP-DATA Signalling Process Access Signalling To SC 83 EST REQ(3) SABM(SAPI=3) EST CONF(3) UA(SAPI=3) CP-DATA CP-ACK SACCH上MSC间切换流程 MS BTS-A CP-DATA CP-ACK BSC-A MSC-A MSC-B BSC-B BTS-B MS To SC HANDO RQD PRE HANDO HANDO RQT CHAN ACTIV HANDO RQT ACK CHAN ACTIV ACK PRE HANDO ACK IAM HANDO CMD ACM HANDO CMD HANDO ACC Process Access HANDO DET Physical INF Signalling HANDO DET SABM(SAPI=0) UA(SAPI=0) HANDO COMP Send end signal HANDO COMP Answer RF CHAN REL Clear CMD RF CHAN REL ACK Clear COMP From SC Forward Access CP-DATA EST REQ(3) SABM(SAPI=3) Signalling EST CONF(3) UA(SAPI=3) 84 Process Access Signalling To SC CP-DATA CP-ACK 优化中注意的问题 • 1，不能建立呼叫或建立后即释放： • 在主叫用户呼叫时，未得到被叫方的任何响应，双方的信令 流程正常。在这种情况下，可以检查双方MSC设置的CIC是否 规范，即双方的选线方式是否正确。根据DPC的值的大小来设 置FIFO或LIFO,否则发生“同抢”会大大降低接通率。 • 2，用户通话过程中由于频繁切换失败，造成大量掉话： • 由于本MSC没有预留足够HO资源，这个问题可以从本局的 局数据中得到确切结果。往往网络不断扩容，造成用户数增长 很快，不能及时扩长HO数量。 • 3，业务区边界存在单向切换： • 在边界上双方小区的切换成功率为0，或相距较近的另一业 务区小区发生不能切换的事件，则应该检查 该小区的LAC和CI 是否在归属MSC中漏做。 85 优化中注意的问题 • 4，建立呼叫后存在的“单通”现象过多： • 往往问题出在传输的质量上面，而这一类问题看似简单， 却经常出问题。原来比较好的条件，但由于维护的疏忽和网络 改造，造成“自环”或“连接”松动，并且这部分电路未隔离， 所以应仔细复查。 86 87