Transcript NORM Supervisor Course

Naturally Occurring
Radioactive Material
Supervisors Training Course
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Course Administration
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Emergency procedures
Facilities:
first aid, prayers, refreshments, toilet
Documentation:
course roster, HSE passport
Restrictions:
smoking, telephones and pagers
Introduction:
name, company, position and expectations of the course
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Course Aims
 Aims of the course are to provide knowledge
and understanding of:
 basic radiation (NORM) theory
 where NORM can be found
 personal hygiene and health risks
 system of work procedures to control NORM
risk and use and checking of PPE
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Course Aims (Continued)
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PDO procedures
roles of personnel
supervision of NORM jobs as agreed by CRFP
duties and actions of RPT
use of monitoring equipment by RPT
radiation and contamination level assessments
registering and recording NORM survey results
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Course Objectives
 On completion of the course attendees
will be able to:
 explain NORM theory
 describe where NORM can be found
 explain NORM health, environment
and reputation risks
 describe NORM control measures
 describe RPT actions in undertaking a
contamination survey
 interpret information recorded and
reported of NORM in the field
 complete supervisors section of NORM
survey report form
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Radiation Sources in PDO
Radiation
sources
Industrial
radiography
Installed
gauges
Portable
gauging
equipment
Well
logging
Radio
tracers
NORM
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What is NORM?
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material
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Radiation
 NORM decay and emit:
 Alpha particles (α)
 Beta particles (β) and
 Gamma rays (y)
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Radiation
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
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Enclosed Equipment
Gamma radiation
 High energy
 Can penetrate piping
where scales deposit
 External Risk
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Open Equipment
 Alpha / Beta particles:
 inhaled
 ingested
 absorbed into cuts
 Internal risk
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Health Risk
 NORM radiation
 Low gamma radiation risk
 Major risk inhalation and
ingestion of scale/debris
 Alpha / Beta particles can
damage internal cells
 May lead to lung or bone
cancer
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Where to Find NORM
 Fixed Scales
 Sludge
 Salts
 Assume all fluid bearing systems are NORM
contaminated until proven otherwise
 If in doubt ask the PDO Production Supervisor
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Scale
Tubulars
Valves
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Sludge
Sludge stored in pits
Sludge mixed with sand
and land farmed
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Evaporation Pond
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Separators and Tanks
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Water Leaks
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Job Types at Risk
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Who is exposed:
production operatives
production maintenance
tank, vessel, separator cleaning
hoist and rig crews
pigging crews
sludge farm operatives
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NORM Specification
 SP 1170 Management of
NORM
 system of work (PTW)
 exposure limits
 monitoring
 transportation
 storage
 PPE
 Templates / Records
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Managing NORM Risk
 NORM management flow chart:
PTW
Vessel inspection
Identify
Before entry
monitor NORM
Assess
Is external radiation and or
surface contamination
greater than clean area level
Normal
Working
procedure
*Classify area
•Continue monitoring
* Implement appropriate
safe working procedures
Compile NORM
Monitoring data
Control
&
Recovery
Is there solid waste
Specific activity analysis
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All solid waste stored in
labelled drums/containers
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Permit to Work
 Permit to Work:
 When opening production equipment
 Request NORM Survey as part of the PtW
OR
 Verify surveys or maps that facility is:
 NORM free,
 NORM Suspected
 NORM Contaminated
 Check with Production Operator
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Fahud NORM Map
SHIBKAN
FAHUD WEST
NAHAD .B.S
NATIH
B
C D
A
E
NORM Contamination:
NORM Suspected:
NORM Free:
NORM Contamination: > 5CPS abg ( > 10 cps)
NORM Suspected: Minor NORM ( < 10 cps)
NORM Free: Background levels (2 - 3 cps)
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NORM Survey
NORM Survey
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NORM Guidelines
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Procedures for specific NORM tasks:
“How to do” documents
tank and separator cleaning
pigging
transportation
sampling
well workovers / servicing
Others available
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Controlling NORM
 Plan the job
 Conduct tool box talk
 Create a supervised area
 Follow procedures / guidelines
 Provide appropriate PPE
 Prevent airborne dust
 Provide polyethylene lining and containers
 Contain debris in one area
 Encapsulate equipment at open ends
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NORM PPE
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Appropriate PPE:
P3 disposable respirator
disposable coveralls
impermeable rubber gloves
safety glasses
steelcap boots
 Note: PPE should washed or
wiped clean and disposed as
normal
 Do not send to Bahja
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Personal Hygiene
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If working with NORM equipment:
do not eat or drink in cordoned area
do not apply barrier cream or lip balm
Dress cuts and abrasions
Wash hands and face before eating,
drinking or smoking
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NORM Monitoring
Conducted by trained personnel
 Before commencement of work
 Using NORM Record Form
 Attach NORM Record to PtW
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NORM Meters
PDO Assets must have:
1. Mini 900 with 44A probe
2. Mini 900 with EP15 Probe
3. Graetz X5 Cex Dose Meter
Specific Operations e.g. hoists
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Mini 900 with 44A probe
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Basic contamination Meter
Reads in counts per second (cps)
Tests + / - for NORM
Sensitive for gamma radiation
Used to measure external
contamination before opening
 Used to measure internally once
opened
 Not intrinsically safe
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Mini 900 with EP15 probe
 Contamination Meter
 reads in counts per second (cps)
 Detects Alpha (α) and Beta (β)
 Used to measure external
contamination
 e.g. esp’s, tubulars and LNG
equipment
 Fragile, not intrinsically safe
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Graetz Dose Meter
 Reads in microsieverts/hr (µSv/hr)
 Used if Mini 900/44A > 100 cps
 E.g. tank & separator cleaning
 If dose > 2.5 uSv/hr = Supervised
Area
 If dose > 7.5 uSv/hr = Controlled
Area
 Intrinsically safe
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Contamination Monitoring
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Mini 900 with 44A prove
background radiation 3 - 4 counts per second (cps)
readings > 5 cps above background = NORM
implement NORM Procedures (Guidelines)
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Contamination Monitoring
 Tells us if NORM is there (Yes or No)
< 5 cps abg
No NORM No controls
> 5 cps abg
NORM
PPE if opening
> 100 cps
NORM
PPE if opening
Monitor dose
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Dose
 Dose - signifies the harmfulness of the radiation
 Higher dose = greater health risk
< 1 uSv/hr
> 1 uSv/hr
Minimal external risk
Risk increases
> 2.5 uSv/hr Supervised Areas
> 7.5 uSv/hr Controlled Areas
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Keep records
Restrict access
Only radiation
workers in these
areas
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Labelling & Placarding
Yellow/black stickers
Tubulars, pumps, pipes
NORM Placards
• Wells
• Manifolds
• Areas
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Storage
 Wrap in heavy duty
plastic (0.2 mm)
 Use NORM Tape
• Drum sludge or
pigging debris
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Storage
• End cap all tubulars
• Plastic wrap exterior
contaminated tubulars
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Completing NORM Work
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On work completion:
complete record form
send sample for laboratory analysis
decontaminate everyone leaving site
check site for contamination
take down barriers
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Recording NORM Data
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SP 1170 - Appendix A
job details
monitoring details (cps) or (µSv/hr)
supervised & controlled areas exposure
log (µSv/hr)
 Signatures
 If daily dose exposure > 8 µSv per day
keep permanent record
 perform risk assessment on Job type
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Transport of NORM
Originator completes:
• Appendix B of SP 1170
• Despatch Section of Appendix C
• Gives Appendix B to Transport Contractor
Transport Contractor completes:
• Appendix C of SP 1170
• Gives Forms to Bahja NORM Yard Operator
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Transporting NORM
 Recording NORM:
 measure radiation emitted & record findings
 identify & label contaminated equipment
 create & maintain records
 advise asset of results & contaminated
equipment
 inventory contaminated equipment
 transport to PDO Bahja NORM Yard
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NORM Movements
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Recording movement:
transported as class 7 dangerous good
label equipment & placard truck
measure drivers exposure dose
check vehicle prior to leaving
transport to the Bahja NORM Yard
provide yard operator with records
(Appendix B & C)
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NORM Training
 NORM training:
 awareness training for all personnel exposed to
NORM in the workplace
 supervisor training for all personnel responsible for
issue of permits to work or supervise workers
exposed to NORM
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NORM
 Summary:
 assume all fluid bearing systems contaminated
until proven clean
 refer to PDO Production Supervisor to identify
NORM areas
 follow SP 1170 and SP 1009
 implement NORM guidelines
 test ALL systems at first breach and regularly as
new surfaces encountered
 record all results including zero readings
 wear appropriate PPE
 transport contaminated material to storage facility
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Mini 900 with 44A probe
 Externally
 Around bends
 5 cps abg = NORM
 Internally
 Turbulent areas
 5 cps abg = NORM
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