Transcript Helicopter Vibration Health Monitoring JAR OPS 3

Helicopter Vibration
Health Monitoring
JAR-OPS 3
OST WP-09-06
HSST WP-05/15.4
OST 06-3
Slide 2
Introduction
HSST WP-05/15.4 (VHM) drafted by HSST in response
to Action 22 of OST 05-1 and complies with that action
to include liaison with EASA.
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Slide 3
Draft NPA
Proposal to amend JAR-OPS 3 for the
purpose of introducing operational
equipment requirements for the carriage of
a Vibration Health Monitoring system.
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Slide 4
Background
• Helicopters are potentially more vulnerable to
catastrophic mechanical failures than fixed wing
aircraft because of the number of single-load-path
critical parts within the rotor and rotor drive systems
and the reduced redundancy within their design
• The high accident rate in the 1970s and 1980s led to the
development of systems able to monitor the health of
helicopter rotor and rotor drive systems
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Background
• Concerns held on how to best address this issue.
• UK CAA decided to issue Additional Airworthiness
Directive (AAD) 001-05-99 making a VHM system a
requirement on helicopters with a Maximum Approved
Passenger Seating Configuration (MAPSC) of more
than 9 and with a C of A in the Transport Category
(Passenger).
• For some helicopters, a Special Condition, applied at
certification, also required VHM.
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Background
• Other North Sea States have required operators to fit
VHM.
• VHM function is currently provided by equipment more
commonly referred to as Health and Usage Monitoring
Systems (HUMS).
• When the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)
took responsibility for certification and continued
airworthiness on 28 Sep 2003, it did not automatically
adopt AADs such as the UK CAA one.
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Background
• Fitment of VHM is not essential under CS 29 unless
needed to demonstrate airworthiness requirements
• VHM provides proven benefits to the continued
airworthiness and safety of the rotorcraft
• EASA not opposed to the principle of Operational
requirements for VHM
• Need to maintain benefits already achieved
• Need to look to the future to ensure benefits of VHM are
mandated for new helicopters
• ICAO Annex 6 Pt III introduces recommendation for
fitment of VHM for helicopters >3180 kgs (3175 kgs)
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Proposal
• 2 new paragraphs: 1 in Subpart B & 1 in Subpart K.
• VHM system be fitted on all helicopters operating over
water in a hostile environment with a MAPSC of more
than 19 or with a MAPSC of more than 9 and operating
in support of, or in connection with, the offshore
exploitation of mineral resources (including gas).
• From 2012 the category of affected helicopters should
be extended to those having a MCTOM in excess of
3175 kg operating anywhere.
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Options
• Option 1. - Do nothing.
• This will result in the removal of the requirement for
carriage of a VHM system on those helicopters previously
affected by the AAD. Consequently, the proven safety
benefits associated with the use of these systems will be
lost together with the attendant reduction in aviation
safety.
• Option 2. - Amend JAR-OPS 3 to require the carriage
of a VHM System on all helicopters with a MAPSC of
more than 9 operating in a hostile environment.
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Options
• Option 3. - Amend JAR-OPS 3 to require:
• The carriage of a VHM System on all helicopters first issued
with an individual C of A up to and including 31 Dec 2011 when
• Operating over water in a hostile environment with either a
MAPSC of more than 19, or
• A MAPSC of more than 9 and operating in support of, or in
connection with, the offshore exploitation of mineral resources
(including gas).
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Options
• Option 4. - Amend JAR-OPS 3 to require:
• The carriage and use of a VHM System on all helicopters first
issued with an individual C of A up to and including 31 Dec
2011 operating over water in a hostile environment with either a
MAPSC of more than 19 or a MAPSC of more than 9 and
operating in support of, or in connection with, the offshore
exploitation of mineral resources (including gas).
• The carriage and use of a VHM System on all helicopters first
issued with an individual C of A on or after 01 Jan 2012 with a
maximum certificated take-off mass (MCTOM) of over 3175 kg .
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Benefits
• Option 1. – Nil
• Would result in the loss of the proven safety benefits that
operation with a VHM System provides with the possible
attendant rise in accident rates.
• Option 2. –
• VHM Systems have been shown to provide the first warning for
approximately 69% of the rotor and rotor drive system failure
types being monitored and approximately 60% of all the
potentially catastrophic rotor drive system failure cases.
• VHM systems currently employed offer operational cost
savings due to fewer maintenance test flights, reduced
component maintenance and increased maintenance insight.
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Benefits
• Option 3. - As for Option 2 but for a more limited
proportion of helicopter operations that will omit some
helicopters currently required to be fitted with VHM.
• Option 4. - As for Option 2 but for a more limited
proportion of helicopter operations that will omit some
helicopters currently required to be fitted with VHM but
for a significant increase in affected helicopters on or
after 01 Jan 2012.
• The broader requirement for fitting VHM systems reflects the
anticipated recommendation in ICAO Annex 6 and the
recognition of the continued improvements in equipment
capability and cost with the attendant improvements in aviation
safety.
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Benefits
To do nothing, is unacceptable.
Taking into consideration the overall safety benefits
and the potential major cost savings to industry and as
Options 2 and 3 would capture a more limited number
of aircraft in the longer term, it is recommended that
Option 4 be adopted and that JAR-OPS 3 is amended
accordingly.
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Costs
• Compliance Costs
• Affected current helicopters are generally compliant
• Newer helicopters would attract additional procurement costs
• Setting Up Costs
• Cost per aircraft €50k-100k depending on specification and
fleet size
• Non-recurring cost of fitment and setting up system approx
€72k-122k
• Other Costs
• Training
• Support
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Amendments
Section 1, Subpart B. Add paragraph as follows:
JAR-OPS 3.162 Vibration Health Monitoring
(See JAR-OPS 3.677)
(a)
When a vibration health monitoring system capable
of monitoring the health of critical helicopter rotor and
rotor drive components is required to be carried aboard
a helicopter, the operator of that helicopter shall ensure
that procedures are implemented for:
(1)
Data collection and review of warnings
(2)
Analysis and investigation of any warnings
(3)
Response to detected incipient failures
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Amendments
Section 1, Subpart K. Add new paragraph as follows:
JAR-OPS 3.677 Vibration Health Monitoring
(See ACJ-OPS 3.677)
(a) An operator shall not operate a helicopter with an individual
Certificate of Airworthiness first issued up to and including 31
December 2011 and with either:
a MAPSC of more than nineteen; or
a MAPSC of more than nine and operating in support of, or in
connection with, the offshore exploitation of mineral
resources (including gas),
on a flight over water in a hostile environment as defined In JAROPS 3.480(a)(13)(ii)(A), unless it is fitted with an approved
vibration health monitoring system capable of monitoring the
health of critical helicopter rotor and rotor drive systems.
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Amendments
For such helicopters not equipped with a VHM system on or before
31 December 2006 compliance with this requirement may be
delayed until 31 December 2008.
(b) An operator shall not operate a helicopter first issued with an
individual Certificate of Airworthiness on or after 1 January 2012
which has a maximum certificated take-off mass (MCTOM) of more
than 3175 kg unless it is fitted with an approved vibration health
monitoring system capable of monitoring the health of critical
helicopter rotor and rotor drive systems.
(c) An operator shall not operate any helicopter described in
JAR-OPS 3.677(a) or 3.677(b) unless the procedures detailed in
JAR-OPS 3.162 are implemented.
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Conclusion
• VHM is a proven safety benefit that should be
maintained
• ICAO Annex 6 Pt III will recommend VHM for
helicopters with a MCTOM of >3180 kgs (3175 kgs)
• Amending JAR-OPS 3 as suggested will help to
improve the safety of operations
• Proposal unanimously endorsed by members of HSST
• Proposal completes action placed on the HSST by the
OST
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