Transcript Application of the DPSIR framework
Critique of the DPSIR framework
Alice Newton
IMAR- University of Algarve
DPSIR “vocabulary”
~Drivers ~Pressures ~State ~Impacts ~Responses
Advantage: ordinary words not jargon Disadvantage: frequently misused or substituted OECD (1993). OECD core set of indicators for environmental performance reviews. OECD Environment Monographs No. 83. OECD. Paris.
DPSIR
Pressures
+ eutrophication
BOD DO
State variables Responses
Nutrients
O.E.C.D. 1993, 2004
DPSIR
+ eutrophication
Drivers: need to update, maybe price of oil will be a major driver with increased biofuels Pressures: need to consider “difficult” aspects such as loss of denitrifying wetlands, atmospheric deposition
Examples of “New” drivers
~ Tourism: car, plane, golf, demographics of coast ~ Lifestyles: joining EU!, changing economies central to market, changing diets, more meat ~ Agriculture (actually biomass production): biofuels, aquaculture
Impacts
Need to break these down and check on all to see if there is are impacts that are: Environmental Ecological Economic Social Health
Impacts
~ environmental e.g. increase turbidity, ~ ecological, e.g. loss of biodiversity, ~ economic e.g. lower fish catches, ~ social e.g. loss of fishing jobs ~ health e.g. contaminated shellfish
~ Environmental ~ Ecological
Impacts
~ Poor water quality ~ Loss of seagrass, ecosystem service nursery function ~ Economic ~ Social ~ Loss of fishing catch and revenues ~ Loss of fishing jobs ~ Health ~ Contaminated shellfish
ECOLOGICAL IMPACT
Biological Quality Elements ~ Phytoplankton ~ Other plants ~ Benthos ~ Fish Annex V of WFD and Intercalibration
STATE
Supporting elements: Nutrient concentrations Si:N N:P Transparency Bottom water Oxygen
BQE metrics
Chlorophyll a Cell counts HAB Opportunist algae biomass Biodiversity of benthos AMBI Annex V of WFD and Intercalibration
IMPACT (ECOLOGICAL)
Biological Quality Elements Phytoplankton Other plants Benthos Fish
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMIC IMPACT IMPACT
Phytoplankton
Increase HABs, NABs
Other plants
Loss of seagrass Increase opportunistic algae
Benthos
Loss of sensitive taxa, Increase tolerant taxa
Fish
Loss of nurseries for juveniles Loss of sensitive taxa Annex V of WFD and Intercalibration Loss of aquaculture revenue Loss of tourism revenue Public health concerns ASP, DSP, NSP Cost of removing algae Mass mortalities Loss of shellfisheries revenue Fish kills Loss of fisheries revenue
Responses
of society, e.g. new management criteria, new infrastructure, new policy
Conclusions
Drivers: need to update, maybe price of oil will be a major driver with increased biofuels Pressures: need to consider “difficult” aspects such as loss of denitrifying wetlands, atmospheric
deposition
State: need to test the metrics for the physico chemical supporting quality elements and the Biological Quality Elements and move towards
INTEGRATIVE ASSESSMENT
Impact: must link economic impact to ecological impacts, NOT consider them separately. Clearly shows the value of ecosystem services Response: Should address the drivers! Is building UWWT plants the only answer? What about CAP and farming practices?