Transcript final_May_2014

Time Division Multiplexing
School of Physics and Astronomy
Department of Particle Physics
Elissavet Papadima
29/5/2014
System for Testing
What do we need the TDM for?
 The existing system uses a Quad Module with four
FE-I4Bs
 The I/Os of each FE-I4 are connected to a RJ45 for
transmission.
 With the multiplexing of the four streams to one stream,
the data rate is increased by four and the cost of the cables
for the transmission is reduced by four.
The Quad Module
Each RJ45 port has the
connections that are
shown in the schematic.
Schematic: http://icwiki.physik.uni-bonn.de/twiki/bin/view/Systems/UsbPix#Hardware
System for testing (I)
In order to test the connectivity through the GLIB board the first test
includes both a multiplexing and a demultiplexing core in Virtex 6 FPGA.
System for testing (II)
The second test includes the multiplexing core in Virtex6 FPGA and the
demultiplexing core in Virtex4 FPGA.
Comments on the second test:
 Configuration of the Quad Module with 40MHz frequency and
the HSIO with 160MHz.
 The multiplexed stream is at 160MHz and it is going to be
received as an 160MHz stream in the first RJ45 of the HSIO.
 The packets are not from the same FE-I4 Chip so the result
is not going to be the same as if a single stream at 160MHz
was sent if the demultiplexing core is not included in
Virtex4 FPGA.
 A Chipscope core has been inserted to display the streams and
check the functionality of the system.
Do we need the demux in the Quad Module?
 Three kind of commands: “Trigger”, “Fast” and “Slow”
 For the slow commands we don’t need to use demux
because the command will be decoded but ignored if the
chip ID (field 4 of the command) doesn’t match the
geographical address of the FE.
 For the rest of the commands (Trigger, Bunch Counter
Reset, Event Counter Reset and Calibration Pulse) we have
to use demux.
For this implementation though we can assume that these
commands are going to be applied on all the four FE-I4 chips
simultaneously and design the demux later.
The clock information
 In this implementation the external clock information is not used in the design
 The clock signals pass through the FPGA from the transmitter to the receiver
as if the device was a bridge (transparent).
 The design uses a slow clock (40MHz) and a fast clock (160MHz).
 In the future the data speed will be increased up to 640MHz.
 The design has its own system clock and a pll to generate the second clock and
uses registers in order not to lose data.
 In the PCB that is going to replace the FPGA the clock is going to be according to
this design.
 In the new Quad Module the clock could be according to this design,
 or if a new version of FE-I4  FE-I5 is used that is going to have an output port for
the clock, this clock information could be used as the system clock.
 The point of the TDM design is to reduce the cables needed for the transmission
so apart from multiplexing the four streams to one, a new method of transmission
could also be used in order to insert the information of the clock in the height or
the width of the command pulses.
 Challenging task because all the command, data and clock signals in the
transmission are differential and low-voltage.
Other issues:
 The start time of the streams defines whether the
multiplexer will start from 00, 01, 10 or 11 state.
Solutions:
 Trigger signal from the FE-I4 to the multiplexer
 Initial packet in the transmission with the information
of the counter (chip ID equivalent)
 Add logic in the Quad Module and the HSIO Decoder to
include the information of the chip ID
FPGA - Gigabit Link Interface Board (GLIB)
According to the latest manual of GLIB: https://svnweb.cern.ch/cern/wsvn/phese/be/amc_glib/trunk/glib_v3/doc/glib_v3_user_manual.pdf
Powering and connection with the PC
According to the latest manual of GLIB: https://svnweb.cern.ch/cern/wsvn/phese/be/amc_glib/trunk/glib_v3/doc/glib_v3_user_manual.pdf
How to start-up an ATX Power supply outside a
computer
According to the latest manual of GLIB: https://svnweb.cern.ch/cern/wsvn/phese/be/amc_glib/trunk/glib_v3/doc/glib_v3_user_manual.pdf
Powering the GLIB and connection with the PC
Xilinx
Platform
Cable USB II
ATX power
supply
The J12 JTAG
connector is used for
the FPGA
configuration.
According to the latest manual of GLIB: https://svnweb.cern.ch/cern/wsvn/phese/be/amc_glib/trunk/glib_v3/doc/glib_v3_user_manual.pdf
GLIB interface Card
The reset button and the I/Os
The reset button
GLIB Interface Card
Supports connection to both
the FCM sockets.
According to the latest manual of GLIB: https://svnweb.cern.ch/cern/wsvn/phese/be/amc_glib/trunk/glib_v3/doc/glib_v3_user_manual.pdf
Xilinx ISE Development Suite
 GLIB compatible with ISE version 14.5
 Use the example project “glib_v3_basic” making changes in the
user_logic_basic.vhd
 Download and install the files needed for the project to run
according to page 24 of the GLIB manual:
https://svnweb.cern.ch/cern/wsvn/phese/be/amc_glib/trunk/glib_v3/doc/glib_v3_user_manual.pdf
 Under user_logic_basic.vhd insert the verilog design as a new
component
 The project “glib_v3_basic”is in VHDL and the design is in Verilog – the
mixed language synthesis is supported
 The Verilog design should be tested in simulation separately from the
“glib_v3_basic” project with the according simulation testbench and in
the implementation along with the “glib_v3_basic” project with the
according implementation testbench
The test vectors for the testbench
 The test vectors for the testbench have been created in C in files memory_1.txt,
memory_2.txt, memory_3.txt, memory_4.txt along with the expected results in
memory_exp.txt
 The starting point of the streams defines which stream is multiplexed first so
this is a parameter that should be taken into account in the creation of the
memory_exp.txt
Simulation results
Data MUX
Virtex 6 FPGA
The output stream starts from stream_3 because the select signal of the
multiplexer has the value 11 when the input streams are ready in the registers.
The output data rate has Tclock = 1.5625ns  f = 640MHz
In the real system there are delays that may affect the results.
Simulation results
Data DEMUX
The output stream starts from stream_2 because the select signal of the multiplexer has the value 11 when the
input stream is ready in the REG_IN. Therefore, the first data of stream_o/_1 are not valid values 0.
That is not going to affect the functionality because the processing of each stream is going to be done separately
and not simultaneously (so there is no need of synchronization among the streams) and there is a specific bit
sequence that signifies the start of transmission.
The output data rate has Tclock =6.25 f = 160MHz
In the real system there are delays that may affect the results.
Simulation results
Testbench
The input streams are stored in memory_0-memory_3. Each memory has 1000 data.
The output stream is stored in memory_out and has size 5000 data. A pointer defines
from which address the data in the memory are valid. The input streams start at 637ns
(arbitrary selected time) so the start pointer is 347.The valid results are compared with
the expected ones. If any error occurs, the signal error_detected is ‘1’.
Testbench Module on FPGA
Testbench
Module top_level
tdmux_top
monitor
Goto Next slide
clk
error_detected
clock_monitor
stream_out
rst
The expected sequence is sel = 1, 2, 3, 0.
Belkeley LAB
Johannes Agricola
Parallel Multi-Chip Readout with USBpix
by Johannes Agricola
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•
•
40MHz
The only implementation so far
must be with the FPGA
It is not known how they have
designed the circuit in the
FPGA but maybe they have
used buffers
SiliconBlue iCE
mobile FPGA
second version
first version
The Multiplexing Board of Berkeley LAB
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•
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40MHz
single ended CMOS level
multiplexer that could be run
at less than 2V with less than
20 ns switching speed
a buffer and inverter to
generate a differential pair
along with resistors to create
the correct current levels for
the LVDS receiver on USBpix
•
•
has a lowest recommended power
supply of 2.35V, but has switching
speeds < 1ns
only uses 1 RJ45 on the bottom
instead of 2; data can be selected
from the two identical circuits (one
is a copy of the other)
Initial results with 2 single Chip Cards v2 (I)
ANALOG SCAN
WITHOUT MUX
ANALOG SCAN
WITH MUX
Initial results with 2 single Chip Cards v2 (II)
DIGITAL SCAN
WITHOUT MUX
DIGITAL SCAN
WITH MUX
Comments on the Multiplexing Board of
Berkeley LAB
 The order of the Single Chip Cards are reversed
between tests  so it is not a problem of the
transmission
 This implementation uses 2 2x1 MUX circuits and the
results are for one of this 2 circuits
 The synchronization must be done with the Clock
signal.
 Both the analog and the digital tests results are not
identical apart from the pixels that are disconnected.
 Could it be noise because of the MUX circuit?
Other
Serial Voltage Supply (n Modules)
Issues:
 Manchester encoding in the output of each
module
 so that the signal can be capacitively coupled
 Detect overcurrent
 shut down the erroneous module