Development of Local and Scanning Probe Techniques

Heinrich Hoerber NanoBioPhysics University Bristol

Combining AFM and optical microscopy Haberle, W., J. K. H. Horber, and G. Binnig, 1991, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 9, 1210 200 nm

Scanning fast - making movies EM image by Stokes 1976 AFM image sequence of a pox virus release at the end of a microvillus Horber, J.K.H., et al., 1992, Scanning Microscopy 6, 919

Combination with electro-physiological techniques Horber, J. K. H., W. Haberle and B. Sakmann, 1995 Biophysical Journal 68, 1687

AFM in hearing research Koitschev, A., S. Fink, U. Rexhausen, K. Loffler, J. K. H. Horber, H. P. Zenner, J. R. Ruppersberg, and M. G. Langer, 2002, Hno 50, 464-469

Cantilever development IBM Research Laboratory Rueschlikon M. Despont, G. Binnig, P. Vettiger and C. Gerber

Heat flow between cantilever and substrate

ΔR/R: 10 -6 –10 -5 /nm 50-500 0 C Heat transfer through cantilever arms (~4 mW) Cantilever with heater through tip in contact 50-500 nW Through air to substrate (10-20 μW)

Heat conductivity

SiC GaN

2 μm 2 μm 1 μm Lipid vesicles with reconstituted membrane proteins (SNAP25, B.Jena) Metal connection on a storage chip structure underneath a SiO (Zarlink) 2 layer Cut through a transistor structure (M. Kubal) Haeberle, W, Pantea, M & Hoerber, JKH. 2006, Ultramicroscopy, 106 (8-9), 678

Smaller cantilevers

length 260  m, width 1  m, thickness 200 nm, spring constant 0.03 pN/nm 100  m 1  m

James Vicary

AFM with the cantilever vertical Massimo Antognozzi, Arturas Ulcinas

Molecular Motor movement Maximal cantilever bending Massimo Antognozzi, Tim Scholz

P hotonic F orce M icroscopy 0.5 nm

Spatial resolution ~ 1nm Time resolution ~ 1 μsec

200 μm 0.02 N/m 200 nm Florin, E. L., A. Pralle, E. H. K. Stelzer, and J. K. H. Horber, 1998, Applied Physics A-Materials Science & Processing 66, S75

Thermal fluctuation imaging Agarose polymer network Tischer, C. et al., 2001, Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 3878

Membrane diffusion 2D / 3D

Interaction map of an LDL receptor

Confining potential map Viscosity map

Parallelisation of PFM

Producing many independent focused laser beams

Nano-particles crossing the cell membrane

Types of nano-particles

Gold nano-particles interacting with light

Nearfield fluorescence excitation

Chemical sensing S urface E nhanced R aman S pectroscopy Raman Spectroscopy

Nano-particles - areas of interest



Nano-Sensors (

Scanning Probe Microscopies

)



Nano-toxicology



Nano-medicine (

markers, drug delivery

)