Atacama Large Millimeter Array

• 64x12m Antennas • Frequency range 30-1000 GHz (0.3-10mm) • • 14km max baseline (<10mas) ALMA Compact Array (short spacing and total power)

1.

Detecting CO and [C II] in a Milky Way galaxy at z=3 in less than 24 hours of observation 2.

To map dust emission and gas kinematics in protoplanetary disks 3.

The ability to provide high-quality and high resolution imaging in the millimeter and submillimeter bands to match that of HST and ground-based AO-equipped telescopes

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Alma sensitivity

• • Observing thermal sources, there is no point having angular resolution without sensitivity to low brightness temperature Alma allows 30 K rms with 30 mas res. at 1mm Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

CO at z=6.4

is already seen Red shifted CII and OI lines

• With ALMA one will see the fine structure lines of CII(157 micron) and O I(63 micron) (for z> 2 (CII) and z>5(OI)), so one can measure the cooling directly.

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

ALMA Site

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Trasparenza Atmosferica

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

ALMA Receivers

★ ★

Japanese contribution all telescopes plus ACA EC funded 8 receivers ALMA-Herschel sinergy

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

ALMA Receivers

Band 3 (“3mm”) Band 7 (“850μm”) Band 6 (“1mm”) Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA Band 9 (“450μm”)

Milky Way galaxy at high redshift

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

ALMA Compact Array

• ACA è il contributo più rilevante portato dal Giappone, assieme alle bande 4, 8 e 10.

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

•

Comparing CO and optical image

HST optical image + CO contours HST optical image (CO : Wilson et al. 2000) (HST: Whitmore et al. 1999)

36 th Liège International Astrophysical Colloquium: From Optical to Millimetric Interferometry Extragalactic Observations with ALMA

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Project schedule towards ES

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Science Operations Plan

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

ALMA SW: Expectation for Early Science

• • • Observation Preparation – – All modes offered to the users will be supported from the Novice to the Expert levels.

At the very beginning of Early Science, the Novice mode behaviour will be mostly based on expectation from simulation and initial testing rather than on a solid experience with ALMA Science Pipeline – Not available to the users for Early Science (it will be in the heuristics “learnig phase”) Offline Data Reduction Package (AIPS++) – – – All modes offered will have been fully tested and supported No Graphical User Interface will be available for Early science A solid well tested User Interface and scripting language based on Python will be available Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Ruolo degli ARC – Core Functions

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Ruolo degli ARC – Science Support Functions

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Struttura degli ARC

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Euro ARC

Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Risposte alla Call di ESO per ARC Nodes

• • • • • • • Germania (UniBonn, MPIfR, UniKoeln, UniBochum) IRAM (Francia, Germania-MPG, Spagna) Italia (INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia) Paesi Bassi (Leiden, + probabilmente Belgio) NORDIC-Onsala (Svezia, Danimarca, Finlandia, +…) UK (Jodrell, Edinburgh, Cambridge, +…) (Portogallo & Svizzera) • Ogni nodo fornisce servizi di base e servizi specializzati (per tutta la comunità Europea) Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA

Where is italian mm astronomy

• • • Disadvantaged rel. to IRAM countries but with interest in certain areas Quite a few “theoretical groups” (esp. Cosmology) Stellar (circumstellar) groups absent Leonardo Testi, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, ALMA