Transcript Life in New York During the Gilded Age

Honors American History
Chapter 8
Wake Up America!
Roots of Progressivism
• Reaction to:
• Social Problems of
Industrial Age
• Laissez-Faire Policies and
Attitudes
• Who were the
Progressives?
• What was their solution?
Motivating the Progressives
• A Belief System  The Social
Gospel
• A Community Institution 
The Settlement House
• A Social “Saint”  Jane
Addams
Who helped to energize their cause?
• What were the muckrakers? Who were the
most famous?
What did the muckrakers hope to gain?
Mulberry Street Bend, 1889
5-Cent Lodgings
Men’s Lodgings
Women’s Lodgings
Immigrant Family Lodgings
Dumbbell Tenement Plan
Tenement House Act of 1879, NYC
”Bandits’ Roost”
Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”
The Street Was Their Playground
Lower East Side Immigrant Family
Another Struggling Immigrant Family
Jacob
Riis:
How the Other
Half Lived
(1890)
Muckrakers
• Why was Jacob Riis important to the reform
movement?
• What were the major social problems facing the
urban poor?
Ida Tarbell
Lincoln Steffens
What impact did this book have on the United States?
What film in 2004 depicted the effects of a fast-food only
diet on the human body?
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)
Muckraking the Chicago meat-packing
industry.
Results of The Jungle
• 1906 – Meat
Inspection Act
• 1906 – Food and
Drug
Administration
formed
* Progressivism
was a reaction to
laissez-faire
capitalism.*
Reforming Society
• Housing Reforms
1. Lillian Wald2. Tenement Act of 19013. Impact???
•Fighting for Civil Rights
1. NAACP2. ADL-
Settlement Houses
• What was their purpose?
• What was the Hull House? Who founded it?
• Who started the settlement house in NY? In
Richmond?
How did the social gospel idea influence the rise
of settlement houses?
•
Hull House
Urban Reforms
Problem
Reform
Poor Living
Conditions
New York State
Tenement House Act
of 1901
Expensive Utilities
Government
Regulation
Rampant Disease
Garbage Collection,
Sewer Systems
Child Labor
Child Labor
Child Labor
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
Asch Building, 8th and 10th Floors
Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910
Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910
Inside the Building After the Fire
Crumpled Fire Escape, 26 Died
Dead Bodies on the Sidewalk
Rose Schneiderman
The Last
Survivor
Quote in text.
Scene at the Morgue
Labor Unions March as Mourners
Out of the Ashes
 ILGWU membership surged.
 NYC created a Bureau of Fire
Prevention.
 New strict building codes were
passed.
 Tougher fire inspection of
sweatshops.(NY passes toughest
fire-safety laws in the nation.)
 Growing momentum of support for
women’s suffrage.
Workplace Reforms
Problem
Reform
Children are abused in
factory labor
Florence Kelley 
National Child Labor
Committee
Cycle of Poverty
Public Education (High
Schools)
Long Working Hours for
Low Pay
10-Hour Workday and
Minimum Wage Law
Industrial Accidents
Workers’ Compensation
Laws
Reforming Government
• City Government Reforms
1. Reform Mayors2. commission form of government3. council manager-
• State Government Reforms
1. Robert La Follette2. Charles Evans Hughes-
• Election Reforms –What are they?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Government Reforms
Initiative
Recall
17th Amendment
Referendum
Government Reforms
Reform
Description
Secret Ballot
People vote privately,
without fear of coercion
Direct Primary
People choose candidates
Initiative
Citizens can propose law
Referendum
Citizens can reject laws
Recall
Citizens can remove public
officials
Direct election of
Senators
17th Amendment
Women
Make Progress
8.2
• Colleges
• Leaders in social reform
• Had little rights
Reforming The Workplace
•
Florence Kelley –
•
Minimum Wage-
•
Courts and Labor Laws
1. Lochner v. NY
2. Muller v. Oregon
3. Bunting v. Oregon
18th Amendment
Susan B. Anthony
Women Gain the Vote
• NAWSA
– What approach to suffrage?
– How did the goals of the NWP differ from
the NAWSA?
– How did Carrie Chapman Catt change the
NAWSA?
– What was the result of the movement?