Transcript houses, household amenities & assets among female headed

HOUSES, HOUSEHOLD
AMENITIES & ASSETS AMONG
FEMALE HEADED HOUSEHOLDS
HIGHLIGHTS FROM CENSUS 2011
DR. C. CHANDRAMOULI
Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
Tables on Houses, Household Amenities
& Assets
• After the conclusion of Census of India 2011, Tables
on Houses, Household Amenities and Assets have
been released in March 2012
• Selected tables from the above compilation are now
released classified by sex of the Head of the
Households for the first time in the history of Census.
• These tables will help to provide an insight into the
living conditions of the Female Headed Households in
the country.
Today’s Release
Tables on Houses, Household Amenities & Assets
for Female Headed Households (FHHs)
1. Predominant materials of roof and wall
2. Predominant material of floor
3. Type of structure of the census house occupied
4. Ownership status, Household size and number of dwelling room
5. Source and location of drinking water and availability of
electricity & latrine
6. Availability of bathing facility and type of drainage connectivity
for waste water outlet
7. Availability of separate kitchen and fuel used for cooking
8. Availability of type of latrine facility
9. Availing banking services and households having each of the
specified assets
Today’s Release
Tables on Houses, Household Amenities & Assets
for Female Headed Households (FHHs)
•
All these tables are available for
•
Total population, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled
Tribes
•
Total, Rural and Urban residence
•
Level: Country, State, District, Sub-district, Town
•
Up to District level for SC/ST Tables
Definition of a ‘Household’
• A 'household' is usually a group of persons who
normally live together and take their meals from a
common kitchen unless the exigencies of work
prevent any of them from doing so.
• The persons in a household may be related or
unrelated or a mix of both.
Definition of a ‘Head of the Household’
• The head of the household for Census purposes is a
person who is recognized as such in the household.
• She or he is generally the person who bears the chief
responsibility for the maintenance of the household
and takes decisions on behalf of the household.
• The head of the household need not necessarily be
the eldest male member.
SUMMARY FINDINGS
Summary of Findings - 1
• There are about 27 million female headed
households in the country. They constitute
10.9% of the total households in the country.
27 million female
headed HH
10.9 % of total
HHs of India
Summary of Findings - 2
• 43.7% of households in Lakshadweep and 23%
households in Kerala have a female as head
Female Headed households
23 %
43.7%
Kerala
Lakshadweep
Summary of Findings - 3
• About 49 lakh Single Member Female HHs are there
in the country. Three-fourth of them live in rural
areas and the remaining in urban areas of the
Single Member Female households
country.
49 lakh
India
75% in rural
area
Summary of Findings - 4
• In seven major States, the proportion of Single
Member Female Headed HH is more than 20%:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Chhattisgarh
Madhya Pradesh
Tamil Nadu
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Odisha
Gujarat
29.9%
24.9%
26.1%
27.1%
22.2%
22.1%
20.4%
Summary of Findings -5
• Larger proportion of Female Headed Households live
in ‘No exclusive room’ and in ‘One room’ dwelling
units compared to Male Headed Households.
• The household sizes in case of Female Headed
Households tend to be smaller than the Male Headed
Households.
• The proportions of households possessing different
assets is lower in case of Female Headed HHs in
comparison to Male Headed HH.
Classification of Households by Sex of the
Head of the Households
Indicator
Total
Rural
Urban
2,467
2,198
1,678
1,504
789
694
269
174
94
Total
Male Headed
89.1
89.6
88.0
Female Headed
10.9
10.4
12.0
Census 2011
Number of Households (in lakh)
Total
Male Headed
Female Headed
Number of Households (in %)
Classification of Households by Sex of the
Head of the Households
100
80
Male Headed
89.6
89.1
Female Headed
88
2011
60
INDIA
(HH in %)
40
20
10.9
0
Total
10.4
Rural
12
Urban
Less than 10.00% Female
Headed HHs in:
• Haryana (9.5%)
• Gujarat (9%)
• Chandigarh (8.9%)
• Jharkhand (8.6%)
• UP (8.3%)
• MP (8%)
• J&K (7.9%)
• Bihar (7.4%)
• DNH (5%)
• Rajasthan (4.0%)
Proportion of Female Headed Households
among Total, SC and ST
India
Indicator
Total
Rural Urban
Census 2011
HH (in %)
Female Headed HH (Total)
10.9
10.4
12.0
Female Headed HH (SC)
11.3
10.6
13.4
Female Headed HH (ST)
11.2
10.6
14.5
Classification of Households by Sex of the
Head of the Households
Indicator
2011
2001*
Change
(% pts)
Total
89.1
89.7
-0.6
Rural
89.6
89.9
-0.3
Urban
88.0
89.0
-1.0
Total
10.9
10.4
+0.5
Rural
10.4
10.1
+0.3
Urban
12.0
11.0
+1.0
INDIA
Proportion of Male Headed HH (in %)
Proportion of Female Headed HH (in %)
Note: The Census 2001 data relates to Population Enumeration phase as similar data from
Houselisting phase is not available (see Table HH4 India)
Proportion of Female Headed Households
States, 2011, 2001 – All Areas
Area (State/UT)
2011
2001*
Change
(% pts)
1. Lakshadweep
40.2
34.4
+5.8
2. Kerala
22.7
22.6
+0.1
3. Meghalaya
21.7
23.0
- 1.3
4. Goa
20.3
21.1
-0.8
5. Himachal Pradesh
18.3
17.9
+0.4
1. Dadra & Nagar Haveli
5.0
6.3
-1.3
2. Rajasthan
7.0
6.9
+0.1
3. Bihar
7.4
7.4
-
4. Jammu & Kashmir
7.9
6.7
+1.2
5. Madhya Pradesh
8.0
7.5
+0.5
BOTTOM 5
TOP 5
ALL AREAS
Note: The Census 2001 data relate to Population Enumeration phase as similar data
from Houselisting phase is not available
Proportion of Female Headed Households
States, Total
2001
2011
Proportion of Female Headed Households
States, 2011, 2001 - Rural
Area (State/UT)
2011
2001*
Change
(% pts)
1. Lakshadweep
29.1
33.4
-4.3
2. Goa
22.7
23.5
-0.8
3. Kerala
22.0
22.5
-0.5
4. Meghalaya
20.9
22.6
-1.7
5. Himachal Pradesh
18.7
18.5
+0.2
1. Chandigarh
5.1
3.6
+1.5
2. Dadra & Nagar Haveli
5.9
6.8
-0.9
3. Rajasthan
6.5
6.7
-0.2
4. Bihar
7.2
7.3
-0.1
5. Madhya Pradesh
7.2
6.7
0.5
BOTTOM 5
TOP 5
RURAL AREAS
Note: The Census 2001 data relate to Population Enumeration phase as similar data
from Houselisting phase is not available
Proportion of Female Headed Households
States, 2011, 2001 - Rural
2001
2011
Proportion of Female Headed Households
States, 2011, 2001 - Urban
Area (State/UT)
2011
2001*
Change
(% pts)
1. Lakshadweep
43.7
35.7
+8.0
2. Meghalaya
24.5
24.5
0.0
3. Kerala
23.4
22.8
+0.6
4. Goa
18.8
23.4
-4.6
5. Mizoram
18.5
15.1
+3.4
1. Dadra & Nagar Haveli
4.2
4.9
-0.7
2. Rajasthan
8.6
7.8
+0.8
3. Chandigarh UT
9.0
7.6
+1.4
4. Jammu & Kashmir
9.0
7.7
+1.3
5. Bihar
9.1
8.4
+0.7
BOTTOM 5
TOP 5
URBAN AREAS
Note: The Census 2001 data relate to Population Enumeration phase as similar data
from Houselisting phase is not available
Reasons for emergence of Female
Headed Households *
a. The broad range of domestic situations typically characterized
by the absence of a resident male head, viz, widowhood,
divorce, separation and desertion
b. Migration of male members for long periods
c. Loss of economic function by resident males due to severe
unemployment, disability, illness and male reluctance to accept
jobs seen as status reducing, etc.
d. Households with no mature sons
e. Sons residing in independent nuclear units.
* - Source: Mayra Buvinic, Nadia H Yousaefet aI, Women-Headed Households: The Ignored Factor in Development
Planning, International Centre for Research on Women, Washington, DC, 1978. (Quoted by Lakshmi Lingam ‘WomenHeaded Households : Coping with Caste, Class and Gender Hierarchies’, Economic & Political Weekly: Mar 19, 1994
Census 2001 - INDIA
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HHs (in %)
Type of HH
Total
Rural
Urban
M-HH
F-HH
M-HH
F-HH
M-HH
F-HH
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
2.6
19.0
2.2
21.5
3.6
13.4
57.1
5.3
55.8
4.8
60.2
6.4
2.3
36.3
2.2
37.0
2.5
34.7
14.5
22.0
15.0
21.5
13.4
23.2
1.7
4.2
1.9
3.7
1.4
5.6
Joint
20.5
6.8
21.8
5.3
17.3
10.1
Other
1.3
6.3
1.1
6.2
1.6
6.5
Total
Single person
Nuclear
Sub nuclear
Supplemented nuclear
Broken extended
Data on Houses,
Household
Amenities &
Assets – Census
2011
Housing Condition – India, 2011
TYPE OF CENSUS HOUSES
Type of Census Houses
Female Headed
HH%
Male Headed
HH%
Permanent
60.5
62.1
Semi permanent
26.2
25.0
Temporary
12.4
12.0
Serviceable
7.6
7.2
Non serviceable
4.8
4.8
0.9
1.0
Any other
Housing Condition – India, 2011
TYPE OF CENSUS HOUSES
Type of Census Houses
Female Headed HH%
Total
SC
ST
Permanent
60.5
55.8
33.4
Semi permanent
26.2
26.9
48.1
Temporary
12.4
16.3
17.7
Serviceable
7.6
10.3
11.3
Non serviceable
4.8
6.0
6.4
0.9
1.0
0.7
Any other
18.1
18.3
PUDUCHERRY
ASSAM
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
34.6
38.3
40.0
ODISHA
28.6
30.0
BIHAR
17.2
TAMIL NADU
15.5
ANDHRA PRADESH
16.8
14.8
MANIPUR
UTTAR PRADESH
14.0
13.0
NAGALAND
20.0
WEST BENGAL
12.9
11.3
RAJASTHAN
JHARKHAND
10.9
15.0
TRIPURA
9.8
8.2
CHATTISGARH
MEGHALAYA
7.4
MIZORAM
9.6
7.3
JAMMU & KASHMIR
MADHYA PRADESH
6.9
10.0
KARNATAKA
5.0
MAHARASHTRA
2.8
KERALA
4.3
2.6
PUNJAB
ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
2.0
UTTARAKHAND
4.3
1.8
GUJARAT
4.1
1.2
NCT OF DELHI
SIKKIM
1.2
HIMACHAL PRADESH
3.7
1.0
GOA
HARYANA
1.0
CHANDIGARH
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
0.7
Temporary: Houses with wall and roof made of temporary material. For example, Wall can be
made of Grass, Thatch, Bamboo etc., Plastic, Unburnt brick or Wood and Roof can be made
of Grass, Thatch, Bamboo, Wood, Mud, Plastic or Polythene.
LAKSHADWEEP
-
0.5
5.0
DAMAN & DIU
Housing Condition – India, 2011
Temporary Census House (FHH in %)
45.0
35.0
25.0
Availability of Amenities–
Source of Drinking Water, India
Source of Drinking Water
Female Headed
HH%
Male Headed
HH%
Source:
Tap water
48.5
42.9
Well
Hand-pump
Tube well/ Bore hole
12.6
10.8
27.7
34.2
7.7
8.6
3.6
3.5
45.0
46.8
37.2
35.7
17.8
17.5
Other sources
Location:
Within premises
Near the premises
Away
Availability of Amenities–
Source of Drinking Water, India
Source of drinking water
Female Headed HH%
Total
SC
ST
Source:
Tap water
48.5
48.5
29.6
Well
12.6
8.7
19.5
Hand-pump
27.7
32.2
35.8
Tube well/ Bore hole
7.7
7.4
7.9
Other sources
3.6
3.3
7.3
Within premises
45.0
34.3
20.5
Near the premises
37.2
44.7
47.2
Away
17.8
20.9
32.3
Location:
Availability of Amenities –
Number of Dwelling Rooms India
Number of dwelling rooms
Total
Female Headed
HH%
Male Headed
HH%
100.0
100.0
5.2
3.8
One room
39.3
36.8
Two rooms
29.6
31.9
Three rooms
13.7
14.6
Four rooms
7.1
7.5
Five rooms
2.5
2.6
Six rooms and above
2.6
2.8
No exclusive room
Availability of Amenities –
Number of Dwelling Rooms India
Number of dwelling rooms
Female Headed HH%
Total
SC
ST
Total:
No exclusive room
5.2
6.2
5.2
One room
39.3
48.1
46.9
Two rooms
29.6
29.7
30.1
Three rooms
13.7
9.7
10.4
Four rooms
7.1
4.0
4.4
Five rooms
2.5
1.2
1.5
Six rooms and above
2.6
1.1
1.5
Number of Dwelling Rooms
(No Exclusive Room)
Scheduled
Castes
Scheduled
Tribes
TOTAL
Number of Dwelling Rooms
(One Room)
Scheduled
Castes
Scheduled
Tribes
TOTAL
10.0
2.4
4.6
5.5
7.6
9.6
11.4
11.6
12.6
20.0
INDIA – 51.7%
LAKSHADWEEP
MIZORAM
KERALA
CHANDIGARH
MANIPUR
SIKKIM
NCT OF DELHI
TRIPURA
PUNJAB
GOA
NAGALAND
HIMACHAL PRADESH
ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
HARYANA
ASSAM
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
DAMAN & DIU
UTTARAKHAND
MEGHALAYA
PUDUCHERRY
WEST BENGAL
GUJARAT
MAHARASHTRA
JAMMU & KASHMIR
KARNATAKA
ANDHRA PRADESH
TAMIL NADU
RAJASTHAN
UTTAR PRADESH
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
MADHYA PRADESH
BIHAR
CHATTISGARH
JHARKHAND
ODISHA
30.0
20.1
22.0
22.6
50.0
40.0
29.0
29.4
30.9
35.4
35.7
37.1
39.1
41.4
42.0
42.7
43.3
70.0
60.0
49.3
53.3
54.5
58.3
60.2
60.9
62.6
65.7
68.7
90.0
80.0
76.3
78.2
79.4
80.4
Availability of Amenities – INDIA
No Latrine Within Premises (HH %)
-
Female
Headed
HH
17.6
18.7
23.3
20.0
INDIA – 59.4%
ODISHA
CHATTISGARH
JHARKHAND
TRIPURA
BIHAR
WEST BENGAL
ASSAM
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
MADHYA PRADESH
MEGHALAYA
MANIPUR
UTTAR PRADESH
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
TAMIL NADU
RAJASTHAN
JAMMU & KASHMIR
ANDHRA PRADESH
UTTARAKHAND
GUJARAT
SIKKIM
HIMACHAL PRADESH
PUDUCHERRY
ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
HARYANA
MIZORAM
NAGALAND
MAHARASHTRA
KERALA
KARNATAKA
DAMAN & DIU
GOA
PUNJAB
NCT OF DELHI
CHANDIGARH
LAKSHADWEEP
100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
32.8
36.9
39.3
43.4
46.2
48.2
51.5
52.1
55.3
55.3
55.9
57.6
58.7
59.6
64.0
67.4
71.2
75.1
76.3
78.5
82.0
82.6
82.7
83.9
83.9
84.1
86.6
88.7
89.8
90.4
93.8
97.3
Availability of Amenities – INDIA
Having Bathing Facility Within Premises (HH %)
120.0
-
Female
Headed
HH
Availability of Amenities – INDIA
Fuel Used For Cooking
Fuel used for cooking
(Cooking inside
premises/Has kitchen)
HEALTH
ISSUES
Total
Fire-wood
Crop residue
Cow dung cake
Coal, Lignite, Charcoal
Kerosene
LPG/PNG
Electricity
Biogas
Any other
Female
Headed HH
(in ‘000)
Female
Headed
HH%
15,615
100.0
6,995
44.8
575
3.7
494
3.2
162
1.0
620
4.0
6,643
42.5
16
0.1
73
0.5
38
0.2
Household Size - INDIA
Female
Headed
HH%
Male
Headed
HH%
100.0
100.0
Three members
18.3
15.4
17.0
1.9
9.0
13.2
Four members
15.2
23.6
Five members
12.8
19.5
Six to eight members
16.2
26.0
5.2
6.8
Household Size
Total
One member
Two members
Nine or more members
Household Size - INDIA
Household Size
Female Headed HH%
Total
SC
ST
Total:
One member
18.3
18.2
18.8
Two members
15.4
15.2
16.1
Three members
17.0
16.5
17.0
Four members
15.2
15.3
15.5
Five members
12.8
12.9
12.4
Six to eight members
16.2
17.3
16.5
5.2
4.6
3.6
Nine or more members
Household Size
(One Person)
Scheduled
Castes
Scheduled
Tribes
TOTAL
ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS
91.24
89.34
87.26
GOA
100.00
HIMACHAL PRADESH
85.91
82.99
CHANDIGARH
82.80
LAKSHADWEEP
80.27
NCT OF DELHI
UTTARAKHAND
78.90
90.00
TRIPURA
73.72
70.07
UTTAR PRADESH
JAMMU & KASHMIR
69.56
KERALA
73.02
68.60
DAMAN & DIU
67.40
SIKKIM
80.00
PUNJAB
65.73
61.73
RAJASTHAN
HARYANA
60.46
MAHARASHTRA
54.20
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
60.29
54.09
70.00
MIZORAM
52.94
KARNATAKA
PUDUCHERRY
50.25
47.79
GUJARAT
47.28
JHARKHAND
44.78
60.00
WEST BENGAL
44.19
41.03
MEGHALAYA
ASSAM
40.93
ANDHRA PRADESH
DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI
40.74
43.88
40.62
TAMIL NADU
10.00
CHATTISGARH
20.00
39.52
30.00
BIHAR
36.29
32.42
50.00
MADHYA PRADESH
INDIA – 53.4%
ODISHA
30.41
40.00
NAGALAND
MANIPUR
Availing Banking Services- INDIA
(Female Headed HH in %)
Female
Headed
HH
Possession of Assets - INDIA
Assets
Female
Headed HH%
Male Headed
HH%
Radio/ Transistor
16.1
20.3
Television
45.3
47.5
Computer/Laptop - With Internet
2.5
3.2
Computer/Laptop - Without
Internet
6.0
6.4
Telephone (Land line only)
4.3
4.0
Mobile phone
44.3
54.3
Bicycle
28.9
46.8
Scooter/Motorcycle/Moped
13.7
21.9
3.2
4.8
28.7
16.5
Car/ Jeep/ Van
None of the specified assets
Possession of Assets - INDIA
Assets
Female Headed HH%
Total
SC
ST
Radio/ Transistor
16.1
12.4
11.2
Television
45.3
38.7
21.8
Computer/Laptop - With Internet
2.5
1.0
0.8
Computer/Laptop - Without Internet
6.0
4.9
4.5
Telephone (Land line only)
10.3
5.2
3.6
Mobile phone
44.3
40.2
27.2
Bicycle
28.9
28.7
24.0
Scooter/Motorcycle/Moped
13.7
8.4
5.9
3.2
1.2
1.3
28.7
33.8
48.5
Car/ Jeep/ Van
None of the specified assets
Possession of Assets
(Television)
Scheduled
Castes
Scheduled
Tribes
TOTAL
Possession of Assets
(No Asset)
Scheduled
Castes
Scheduled
Tribes
TOTAL
Thank you …..
For more information please visit:
censusindia.gov.in
Our Census, Our Future