Violence

David ’ s Story – Born to Fail

Th e P la n

• Violence Reduction – The Context • Public Health – A useful Lens • Early Years – Could it be Magic ? • • David’s Story –

Knew that would happen!!

Change

– Can we make it Irresistible?

“

The challenges we face converge, intertwine and often remain largely beyond our understanding . Most of us suspect that the “experts” don’t really know what’s going on and that as a species we’ve released forces that are neither managed nor manageable .”

Thomas Homer-Dixon (Paper by Prof Phil Hanlon University of Glasgow 2009

“One manifestation of this is the rise of new epidemics such as obesity, addiction-related harm, declining well being, rising rates of depression and anxiety and widening inequalities. The tools of modernity have proven unsuccessful in tackling such “diseases.”

Learning our way into the future public health: a proposition Journal of Public Health Vol 33 September 2011 Phil Hanlon, Sandra Carlisle, Margaret Hannah, Andrew Lyon, David Reilly

“We have been fixated on the causes of disease rather the mechanisms that can create health.”

Sir Harry Burns Chief Medical Officer 2011

Sense of Coherence

• Your world is structured, predictable and explicable • You have the internal resources to meet the demands • The demands are seen as challenges worthy of investment and engagement Sir Harry Burns Chief Medical Officer 2011

Violence

The

WHAT “Interpersonal violence – violence between individuals in families and communities – is a

public health

problem.” Etienne Krug Director Department of Injuries and Violence Prevention World health Organisation

Surveillance Systematic data collection Implement Scale up and evaluate effective programmes

The

HOW

Identify risk / protective factors Research why it occurs Develop and evaluate interventions Find out what works.

Understand the Causes of Violence

Two components to Violence:

• The

propensity

factors to be violent -

personal

• The

triggers

of violence -

social

factors The Wave Report 2005 “Violence and what to do about it”

What do Employers Want ?

Percentage of Employers reporting an employee skill gap Planning and organising Customer handling Problem solving Team working Oral communication Other technical and practical skills Written communication Basic computer literacy / using IT Strategic management Advanced IT or software Using numbers Literacy 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Future Skills Bar Chart. See Future Skills Scotland Website, Employer Survey 2004, p27, fig 15.

Death

Consequences: long-term

Early Death

ACEs are fundamental risk factors for disease

and Social Problems Adoption of Health-risk Behaviors Social, Emotional, & Cognitive Impairment Adverse Childhood Experiences



Toxic Stress Conception

Rates of Return to Human Capital

Higher Education Preschool Primary Secondary

Economics

“A major

determinant

of successful schools is successful

families

. Schools work with what

parents

bring them. They operate more effectively if parents reinforce them by encouraging and motivating children” Professor James Heckman Chicago University

Ecological Model = The Frame

Societal Community Relationship Individual

   Lack of punishment for pre cursor offences – knife carrying Lack of visible swift justice Links to deprivation  Scottishness 

Inequality

 Cultural norms  Legitimisation of violence  Access to and use of alcohol  Lack of aspiration  Dependancy 

Tolerance



Parenting

 Lack of knowledge   Friends that engage in violence Prevalence of gang culture   Violent families – siblings/parents Lack of significant adults/positive role model  Lack of communication skills  Poor behavioural control  Impulsiveness  Aggressive behaviour   Lack of skills to deal with conflict Inability to judge risk 

Lack of “life” skills

 Exclusion from Services/Schools  Nutrition Diet Health  Alcohol  Lack of employment opportuni ties

birth Purpose Scottish Government Economic Strategy

LIFE JOURNEY

National Outcomes SOAs

NATIONAL PERFORMANCE

10 16 18 Early Years Framework

NATIONAL POLICIES

Valuing our Young People More Choices More Chances Curriculum for Excellence GIRFEC Promoting Positive Outcomes (ASB) YJ Framework Road to Recovery (Drugs) Equally Well (Health Inequalities) Alcohol framework Achieving our Potential (Poverty)

Challenges

• Wicked problems –

Leaders

not

technicians • Professional Gangs =

Territorialism

•

Outcomes

not

processes •

Assets

not

deficits

Coalition of the Willing

• Deciding

WHAT

we do is

EASY

• Deciding

HOW

we do it is

HARD

• Knowing

WHY

we do it is

AGREEMENT

Relationships

AMAZING PEOPLE DO AMAZING THINGS

Aspire to build a cathedral and not a garden shed.