Transcript Pennsylvanian

Overview of
Paleozoic History
and Resulting
Aquifers
Regions of the shield
in North America
Wisconsin arch
Ozark plateau
Finlay arch
Cincinnati arch
Lexington dome
Nashville dome
Structural features of the eastern midcontinent
Persistent through the Paleozoic
Sauk Transgression
Upper Cambrian Facies and Geography
Prairie de Chien Dolomite
St Peter Sandstone
Potsdam SS
Theresa SS
St Francois SS LS
Cambrian
LS in Apps
End of Sauk Transgression
Ordovician. Start of Appalachian orogeny (Taconic, Acadian, Alleghenian) in the east. Taconic orogeny:
Clastic wedges in New York, TN/KY. Carbonate platform on craton. Piedmont intrusions, metamorphism
and thrusting. Carbonate platform on craton. End of Sauk transgression.
•Carbonates forming main Ozark Plateau Aquifer
•Carbonates at the center of Nashville and Lexington domes
•Prairie de Chien dolomite, Wisconsin, Minnesota
•Carbonates in Arbuckle Mountains
•Martinsburg Sandstone in Appalachians
Martinsburg SS in
Appalachians
Carbonates
Ozark Plateau
Carbonate in
Arbuckle
Mountains
Ordovician
Carbonates
Nashville
Lexington
domes
Tippecanoe Transgression
Silurian. Reefs form in northern Ohio, western NY and Michigan.
Limestone and evaporites in closed basins formed by reefs. Tippecanoe
Transgression
•Niagra Dolomite: Western NY
•Carbonates in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio
•Carbonates deposited on continental shelf in western U.S.
Mid-Continent
Carbonates
Niagra Dolomite
and other carbonates
Silurian
Devonian. Acadian orogeny in the east. Clastic wedge in PA,
fine-grained sediments form Devonian shale. Few carbonates
because of clastic influx. Antler orogeny in the west, Island-arc
system, Roberts thrust in Nevada.
•Sandstones in folded Appalachians
•Shales form confining units over carbonate aquifers
Devonian aquifer systems
• Devonian shale forms confining units in
Midwest. Confining mostly carbonate
aquifers.
• Some sandstones in folded Appalachians
Kaskaskia Transgression
Mississippian. Last major episode of carbonate deposition in cratonic sea.
Kaskaskia Transgression
•Carbonates on Springfield Plateau (northern Missouri to central Iowa)
•Carbonates from northern Alabama to central Indiana and Ohio.
•Madison Limestone in Montana
•Marshall Sandstone in Michigan basin
Madison
limestone
Mid-Continent
Carbonates
Carbonates
Springfield
plateau
Mississippian
Sandstone
Pennsylvanian Coalfields in North America
Absaroka Transgression
Pennsylvanian. Deltas prograde from NE to SW in NE midcontinent. Deposition of
cyclothems (coal). Absaroka Transgression. Clastic wedge
•Sandstones in Appalachian Plateau
•Sandstone in Michigan Basin
•LS and SS in Illinois basin (associated with cyclothems)
•Sandstone: Ada-Vamosa aquifer in Oklahoma
Sandstone
Michigan basin
Illinois basin
Appalachian basin
Ada-Vamosa
aquifer
Pennsylvanian
Absaroka Transgression
Permian Alleghenian orogeny in east. Major thrusting (Ouachita to S. Appalachian) and folding with thrusts (Central and
Northern Appalachians). Small basins in midwest and southwest. Sonoma orogeny in west. Island-arc system, volcanics
and thrusting; Golconda thrust in Nevada. Absaroka transgression continues.
•Rush Springs Aquifer, Oklahoma
•SS Central Oklahoma aquifer
•SS Blaine aquifer, Oklahoma and Texas
•Carbonate in Roswell Basin, New Mexico
•Carbonate: Coconino de Chelly aquifer across Colorado Plateau
LS Coconino
de Chelly
SS Rush Springs, OK
SS in Central OK aq
SS in Blaine aquifer
across CP
LS in Roswell Basin
Permian