Transcript Section 1
AFTER WORLD WAR I, MANY AMERICANS FEARED THAT COMMUNISTS WOULD TAKE OVER THE COUNTRY • HOW DID THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT UNDER A. MITCHEL PALMER RESPOND TO THIS FEAR? – LAUNCED RAIDS AGAINST SUSPECTED COMMUNISTS, SOCIALISTS, AND ANARACHISTS – ARRESTED, JAILED AND DEPORTED SUSPECTED RADICALS AFTER WORLD WAR I, MANY AMERICANS FEARED THAT COMMUNISTS WOULD TAKE OVER THE COUNTRY • WHY DID PALMER EVENTUALLY LOSE HIS STANDING WITH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC? – LOOKED FOLISH WHEN HIS RAIDS FAILED TO TURN UP EVIDENCE OF A REVOLUTIONARY CONSPIRACY AFTER WORLD WAR I, MANY AMERICANS FEARED THAT COMMUNISTS WOULD TAKE OVER THE COUNTRY • HOW DID THE KU KLUX KLAN RESPOND TO THIS FEAR? – USED IT AS AN EXCUSE TO HARASS ANYONE UNLIKE THEMSELVES INCLUDING AFRICAN AMERICANS, IMMIGRANTS, CATHOLICS, JEWS, UNION MEMBERS, AND INTELLECTUALS AFTER WORLD WAR I, MANY AMERICANS FEARED THAT COMMUNISTS WOULD TAKE OVER THE COUNTRY • WHY DID THE KLAN EVENTUALLY LOSE POPULARITY AND MEMBERSHIP? – THE KLAN MEMBERS’ RACIAL VIOLENCE AND CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES TURNED MANY AMERICANS AGAINST THEM PUBLIC OPINION TURNED AGAINST LABOR UNIONS AS MANY AMERICANS CAME TO BELIEVE THAT UNIONS ENCOURAGED COMMUNISM • WHY WAS THE STRIKE BY BOSTON POLICE UNPOPULAR WITH THE PUBLIC? – THREATENED PUBLIC SAFETY – APPEARED TO BE AN ACT OF COMMUNISM OR ANARCHISM PUBLIC OPINION TURNED AGAINST LABOR UNIONS AS MANY AMERICANS CAME TO BELIEVE THAT UNIONS ENCOURAGED COMMUNISM • WHY DID MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNOR CALVIN COOLIDGE BECOME SO POPULAR? – CALLED THE NATIONAL GUARD TO RESTORE ORDER, LEADING TO THE END OF THE STRIKE PUBLIC OPINION TURNED AGAINST LABOR UNIONS AS MANY AMERICANS CAME TO BELIEVE THAT UNIONS ENCOURAGED COMMUNISM • WHY WAS THE STRIKE AT U.S. STEEL UNPOPULAR? – PEOPLE BELIEVED THE STEEL COMPANIES’ PROPAGANDA LINKING STRIKERS AND THEIR LEADERS TO COMMUNISM – VIOLENCE HAD BROKEN OUT, WHICH ALAMRED A PUBLIC THAT WAS STILL IGNORANT OF THE SEVERE WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE MILLS PUBLIC OPINION TURNED AGAINST LABOR UNIONS AS MANY AMERICANS CAME TO BELIEVE THAT UNIONS ENCOURAGED COMMUNISM • HOW DID PRESIDENT WILSON RESPOND TO THE STEEL STRIKE? – MADE A WRITTEN PLEA FOR PEACE BETWEEN THE STRIKERS AND STEEL COMPANIES HOW WERE SACCO AND VANZETTI VICTIMS OF THE RED SCARE? • THEY WERE ITALIAN IMMIGRANTS • BOTH WERE ANARCHISTS • BOTH DODGED THE DRAFT DURING WORLD WAR I HOW DID JOHN L. LEWIS IMPROVE THE LIVES OF COAL MINERS? • HE ENCOURAGED THE COAL MINERS TO GO ON STRIKE • WHEN PALMER GOT A COURT ORDER PUTTING A STOP TO THE STIKE, LEWIS TOLD THE MINERS TO CONTINUE STRIKING AND DEFY THE ORDER • STRIKERS GOT A 27% WAGE INCREASE