McGraw-Hill

Chapter 1

Introduction to Visual Basic 2010 1-1

Copyright © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter Objectives (1 of 2) • • • • • Describe the process of visual program design and development.

Explain the term object-oriented programming.

Explain the concepts of classes , objects , properties , methods , and events.

List and describe the three steps for writing a Visual Basic project.

Describe the various files that make up a Visual Basic project.

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Chapter Objectives

(2 of 2) • • • • • • Identify the elements in the Visual Studio environment.

Define design time , run time , and debug time.

Write, run, save, print, and modify your first Visual Basic project.

Identify syntax errors , run-time errors , and logic errors.

Use Auto Correct to correct syntax errors.

Look up Visual Basic

topics

in Help.

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Writing Windows Applications with VB (1 of 2)

• Windows Graphical User (GUI) Interface – Defines how elements look and function Text boxes Check box Message box Radio buttons Buttons Picture box Label 1-4

Writing Windows Applications with VB (2 of 2)

Windows are called forms.

Elements are called controls and are added using a toolbox.

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Programming Languages —Procedural, Event Driven, and Object Oriented • • • Procedural —Cobol, Fortran, Basic • Program specifies exact sequence of all operations.

Event-Driven Programming(VB 6.0 and previous) • Contain some elements of object-oriented programming, but not all Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) • User controls sequence – Click event – Double Click event – Change event (VB .NET) 1-6

Lego Building Blocks

1-7

The Object Model

(1 of 2) • • • In VB, you will work with objects that have properties, methods, and events. Each object is based on a class.

Objects – – Forms equate to Nouns.

are windows.

Controls are components contained inside a form.

Properties – equate to Adjectives.

Color or size of a Form Methods – are like Verbs.

Typical methods include Close, Show and Clear 1-8

Object Model

(2 of 2) • • Events occur when the user takes action.

– User clicks a button , User moves a form Classes are templates used to create a new object.

– Classes contain the definition of all available properties, methods, and events.

– Each new object created is based on a class.

• Creating three new buttons makes each button a instance of the Button class.

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Object Model Analogy

• • • • • Class = automobile Properties of automobile class= make, model, color, engine, year Object = Each individual auto is an object.

– Object is also an Instance of the automobile class.

Methods = start, stop, speedup, slowdown Events of automobile class = Arrive, Crash 1-10

Visual Studio .NET

• • Included in Visual Studio .NET 2008 • Visual Basic (can also be purchased separately) • • • • • Visual C++ C# (C sharp) J# (J sharp) F# (F sharp) .NET 3.5 Framework Visual Studio .NET Editions • Express • • • Standard Professional Team System 1-11

5 D’s of Programming

• DEFINE

the problem – OIP

• DESIGN

a solution – User Interface – OEA

• DEVELOP/DEBUG

the solution – Enter code and test

• DEPLOY

the solution 1-12

VB Application Files

• • • • • • One Solution File —think of one solution file equals one project: HelloWorld.sln

Solution User Options File: Form Files: Resource File for the Form: HelloWorld.suo

HelloForm.vb

HelloForm.resx

Form Designer: Project User Options File: HelloForm.Designer.vb

HelloWorld.vbproj.user

Once a project is run, several more files are created by the system. The only file that is opened directly is the solution file.

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Visual Studio Environment

The Visual Studio environment is where you create and test your projects. In Visual Studio, it is called an • Integrated Development Environment (IDE) consisting of various tools including: • • Form Designer Editor for entering and modifying code • • • • Compiler Debugger Object Browser Help Facility 1-14

Default Environment Settings

Visual Studio 2010 provides an option that allows the programmer to select the default profile for the IDE. Use General Development as the default profile.

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The Visual Studio IDE with the Start Page open, as it first appears in Windows XP, without an open project

The IDE Initial Screen

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IDE Main Window

Toolbars Document Window Form Designer Solution Explorer Window Properties Window Toolbox Help Document window Solution Explorer Properties window 1-17

Solution Name Structure

• • •

Sample Programs

– SP

nn

_Team

xx

_

Lastname

Homework Programs

– HW

nn

_Team

xx

_

Lastname1

_

Lastname2

OIP/OEA names

– SP

nn

_Team

xx

_

LN1_LN2_oip

– SP

nn

_Team

xx

_

LN1_LN2_oea

– HW

nn

_Team

xx

_ LN1_LN2_oip – HW

nn

_Team

xx

_ LN1_LN2_oea • Where

nn

is the homework number • Where

xx

is the team number 1-18

Tool Box

You can scroll to view more controls. To sort the tools in the toolbox: • Right-click the toolbox and select.

• Sort Items Alphabetically from the context menu (shortcut menu).

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Modes

• • • Design Time — used when designing the user interface and writing code Run Time — used when testing and running a project Break/Debug Time — if/when receiving a run-time error or pause error

"Look at the Title Bar"

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Your First VB Program

Create a program that will allow the user to press a button (Push ME) and display a message (Hello World) on the screen. When the user presses the Exit button, the program will terminate.

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OUTPUT INPUT PROCESS

Define – OIP Form

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User Interface Design

• Set up the form.

– Resize the form, set certain properties, and change the form file name to helloWorldForm .

– Place button controls on the form using the toolbox and set their properties.

– Place a label properties.

on the form using the toolbox and set its – Lock the Controls in place.

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Naming Rules and Conventions

• • • Have a set of standards and always follow them.

No spaces, punctuation marks, or reserved words Use camel casing.

• Examples – messageLabel – exitButton – dataEntryForm – paymentAmountTextBox 1-24

Object Class Form Button Label TextBox Radio button CheckBox Horizontal Scroll Bar Vertical Scroll Bar PictureBox ComboBox ListBox SoundPlayer Naming Conventions Example dataEntryForm exitButton totalLabel paymentAmountTextbox boldRadiobutton printSummaryCheckBox rateHorizontalScrollBar temperatureVerticalScrollBar landscapePictureBox bookListComboBox ingredientsListBox introPageSoundPlayer Hungarian Notation frmDataEntry btnExit lblTotal txtPaymentAmount rdbBoldd chkPrintSummary hsbRate vsbTemperature picLandscape cboBookList lstIngredients sndIntroPagesound

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Setting the Form Properties

• The default startup object is Form1 • The name of the form should always be changed to adhere to naming rules • The properties window shows the files properties 1-26

Form’s Screen Location

• • You can set the form’s screen position by setting the StartPositionproperty of the form.

To center a form on the user’s screen, set the StartPosition property to CenterScreen.

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Setting Properties

• • • • Button 1 Name Text Button 2 Name Text Exit Label 1 Name Text Form Name Text pushMeButton Push Me exitButton messageLabel leave blank helloWorldForm Hello World by

your name

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Design – OEA Form OBJECT EVENT TASK(S)

29 1-29 and Coding

Writing the Code

• • • • • • While the project is running, the user can perform actions.

Each action by the user causes an event to occur.

Write code for the events you care about; the events you want to respond to with code.

Code is written as event procedures.

VB will ignore events for which you do not write code.

VB will automatically name event procedures as the object name, an underscore(_) and the name of the event.

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More on Writing the Code

• When writing the code for your first project, you will use the following: • Remark Statement • • • Assignment Statement Ending a Program Editor Window 1-31

Editor Window

• • • Declarations Section Class list Method list 1-32

Ending a Program

• • Methods always have parentheses. (This will help you distinguish them from Properties which never have parentheses.) To execute a method of an object you write: • Object.Method() Current Form may be referenced as

Me

Close( ) 1-33

Remark Statement

• • • • Also known as Comment, used for documentation; every procedure should begin with a remark statement providing explanation.

Non-executable Automatically colored Green in Editor Begins with an apostrophe ( ' ) • On a separate line from executable code • At the right end of a line of executable code

'

Display the Hello World message.

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Assignment Statement

• • • Assigns a value to a property or variable Operates from right to left — the value appearing on the right side of the equal sign is assigned to the property named on the left of the equal sign.

Enclose text strings in quotation marks (" ") MessageLabel.Text=" Hello World " 1-35

Run, Save, Modify, Print, Test, Debug,

and

Execute • • • • • • Run Project • Open Debug Menu, Start Debugging.

• • Start Debugging button on the toolbar.

Press F5, the

Start Debugging command.

Save Project — File Menu, Save All.

Modify Project if needed.

Print the Code.

"Help is always available from the Help Menu or by pressing F1." Correct any Errors and Rerun.

When you start executing your program, the first step is called

compiling

, which means that the VB statements are converted to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). Your goal is to have no errors during the compile process: a

clean compile

. 1-36

Print the Code

• • • File Menu, Print Prints complete code listing Uses arrow symbol to denote line continuation 1-37

Finding and Fixing Errors

• • •

Syntax Errors

• Breaks VB’s rules for punctuation, format, or spelling • • Smart editor finds most syntax errors, compiler finds the rest.

The editor identifies a syntax error with a squiggly blue line and you can point to an error to pop up the error message.

• You can display the Error List window and line numbers in the source code to help locate the error lines.

Run-Time Errors

• Statements that fail to execute, such as impossible arithmetic operations

Logic Errors

• Project runs, but produces incorrect results.

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Submitting Homework

• Compress the solution folder • Log on to Angel • Locate Drop Box for assignment • Upload the compressed file • Submit 1-39

Visual Studio Help

Additional

Info (1 of 2)

• • • • Visual Studio has an extensive Help facility.

Filter MSDN help to display VB topics only.

Run MSDN from hard drive, CD, or Web.

You can access MSDN on the Web at http://msdn.microsoft.com

• The Help system display is greatly changed and improved in Visual Studio 2010. You view the Help topics in a separate window web browser from the VS IDE, so you can have both windows opened at the same time. 1-40

Visual Studio Help Additional Info (2 of 2)

• The opening Help page allows you to search for a topic, or to choose from a list of topic areas such as: Welcome to Visual Studio 2010, Documentation, What’s New, Walkthroughs, etc.

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