Transcript A Viable Enterprise for Smallholders and Landless People

Goat Farming: A Viable
Enterprise for Smallholders
and Landless People
S.K. Singh
AICRP on Goat Improvement
CIRG, Farah, Mathura 281122
[email protected]
Overview of Presentation
 World Scenario
 Goat Genetic Resources and
Production Potential of Local
Breeds
 Technological Interventions
and its Impact on Income
Generation
 Future Prospects
Goat Rearing- Fact Book
• Flock Size Range between 2 to 3000, 95% male kids
sold between 3-6 m of age
• 0ut of 154 m goats, approx. 30-40 thousands are with
organized sector
• Most goat rears fall in nomadic, landless, marginal
category
• Small flock owners produce goat milk for family
consumption while commercials farers aim for meat
production
• Veterinary care is hardly available to goats
• Flock below 5 are managed by ladies and children.
• Presently benefit from a doe range between Rs 10001500/goat/year
Major Goat Producing Countries
Goat Breed (575) and
Population Distribution
World-Over
Near and
Middle
East, 34
2%
1%
Latin
America
28
Asia
North
America,
8
Southwe
st Pacific
11
Africa 95
16.5%
America
35%
Africa
58%
Europe
Europe
215
(37.2%)
Asia 184
(32%)
Oceania
4%
Population
Breed
Regional Share of Goat Meat and Milk
Meat
Milk
70
60
%
50
40
30
20
10
0
Africa
America
Asia
Europe
Oceania
Breeds
• Berari, Kokan
Kalyani added &
• Many more may
add to it?
4 Percent of
World
Status of goat population in
states as per New Development
Index of States
In %
Categories of
states
Goat
population
Area
Human
population
Relatively
Developed (7)
17
20
24
Less Developed
(11)
Least Developed
(10)
33
29
31
50
51
45
Technological Interventions
Categories
Health
Interventions
Vaccination (PPR, ET, FMD & Goat Pox)
Dipping, Deworming (twice in a year)
Nutrition
Strategic supplementation
@ 150 gm to fattening kids
50 gm /day to breeder does and ad-lib
and iodized salt
Breeding
Identify, evaluate and distribute genetically superior
true to breed type buck
Extension & Capacity building of stake holders, e-monitoring and
Marketing advisory services
Educate & organise farmers to sell goats at
commercial age through efficient marketing channel
Annual Impact of Technological Interventions
A- Health
Particulars
Values
Goat Population (Million)
Slaughter %
154
45
Cost of Prophylactic Medicine /operations (Rs)
70
Mortality without Health Interventions
(Million)
Mortality after Health Interventions (Million)
Goat Saved (Million)
Value of Goats Saved (in million Rs)
Cost of health management (in million Rs)
7.7
15.4
61600
10780
Annual Increment to livestock GDP (Million Rs)
50820
Increment in current goat GDP due to health
intervention (%)
23
22
Annual Impact of Technological Interventions
B- Nutrition
Particulars
Values
Supplementation to a Kid @ 0.15 Kg/ day for
22.5
150 days (Kg)
Increase in body weight over and above normal
4.5
@ 30% at 9 m of age (Kg)
Increase at national Level assuming approx.
277200
40% kids (MT)
Cost of Extra feed @ Rs 15/kg (million Rs.)
20790
Value of increased live body weight @ 150/kg
41580
(million Rs.)
Net gain (million Rs.)
20790
Annual Impact of Technological Interventions
C- Breeding and Reproduction
Particulars
Bucks Required (Million)
Recording Required on Male Kids (Million)
Recording Required on Male Kids each year assuming 3
years production life of a buck (Million)
Replacement of Bucks each year (Million)
Current Chevon production (1000 MT)
Goat milk production ( 1000 tone)
Increment due to genetic interventions/anum
Chevon (1000 MT)
Milk ( 1000 tone)
Values
3.1
30.8
10.3
1.0
596600
4760000
5966
95200
Impact of Technological
Interventions
D- Extension and Marketing
Particulars
Values
Body weight of Kids sold between 3-6 month (Kg)
12.5
Body weight of Kids sold between 9-12 month (Kg)
16.5
Difference in body weight (Kg)
4
Addition to Body weight (MT)
138600
Value of Increased body weight (Million Rs)
2079
Performance of Goat Breeds of the country
Breed
Sangam
neri
Assam
Hill Goat
Barbari
Population
growth
74.35
46.20
149
112.66
61.2
101.1
89.34
90 DMY
82.86
--
44.2
--
--
87.90
86.4
AFS
306.9
254.91
363
--
406.7
688.3
256.15
AFK
458.7
402.98
407
--
611.4
823.5
398.03
18.3±.4
10.43
2.41
9.75
9M wt
Mortality
Gaddi
Ganjam
Jamunapari Malabari
14.8±.4 23.7±0.5 14.3±.6 19.45±0.4 19.2±0.5
4.9
6.07
5.81
6.67
3.60
Continue
Breed
Populatio
n growth
%
90 DMY
Lit
AFS Days
AFK days
9M Wt
(kg)
Mortality
%
Marwari
95.79
Osmanaba Black
di
Bengal
Ranchi
171.3
64.79
Sirohi
Field
Surti
80.93
104.13
Black
Bengal
Kolkata
62.71
105.26
60.4
--
71.4
122.1
--
268.0
NA
270.43
551.66
526±23
237.32
418.5
418
420.92
702.25
671±23
379.05
19.98±0.4
22.7±1.4
10.33
22.2
20.2±0.3
10.66
5.7
3.36
8.04
1.99
5.03
6.95
Role of KVK’s in Goat Rearing
Identify and notify niches rich in Goat Genetic Resources
and flocks which can be used as multiplier flock to
produce breeder goats.
Document prevalence of common Goat diseases of the
area, and apply Health Calendar
Promote use of quality bucks &
Organise Goat Keepers for Intelligent Marketing
Thanks from Goat keepers of the Country