Transcript asia_ecn.ppt

Asia
Economic Geography
Agriculture in Asia
Many countries in Asia have arable land
that is good for farming.
 Tropical crops are grown in countries with
tropical climate zones.
 Rice is the most important food crop in the
region.
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Crops
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A few tropical crops are:
A. Tea
B. Sugar Cane
C. Coffee
D. Rubber
E. Cocao
World Tea Production
World Coffee Production
Methods of Farming
In mountainous areas of Asia people
practice agricultural terracing.
 In areas with tropical forests people use
slash and burn farming.
 Many tropical cash crops are grown on
large plantations.
 In most areas people still practice
subsistence farming.
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Tea Plantation
Rice Terraces
The Green Revolution

The Green Revolution was a period of time
from the 1940s to the 1960s when new
strains of rice and other crops were
introduced to developing parts of the world.
These new crops produced more food per
square hectare and allowed food production
to keep pace with population growth.
The Green Revolution
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IR8 is a variety of rice that was genetically
engineered by the International Rice Research
Institute and introduced to India.
Regular Rice Yield = 1/2 ton per hectare
IR8 Rice Yield = 5 tons per hectare with no
fertilizer and 10 tons with fertilizer.
Developed or Developing?
Most countries in Asia are developing.
 China is developing but it is industrialized.
 India is developing but it has many factories
and some cities have high tech sectors such
as computer programming and the
manufacturing of electronic components.
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Developed
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The following countries are developed:
A. Japan
B. Taiwan
C. Singapore
D. South Korea
Developed
Taiwan, Singapore, and South Korea are
considered newly industrialized countries
because they built most of their factories in
the last fifty years and the economy of these
countries no longer relies on agriculture.
 Japan is highly industrialized but it has been
industrialized since the late 19th century.
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Japan
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Japan has one of the largest fishing fleets in the
world.
Japan has automobile factories but in general the
economy is moving towards the service sector.
Japan is the economic leader in the region.
Japan is heavily dependent on imported raw
resources. It must import about 50% of its food
and most of its fuel.
China
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China is communist and had a centrally planned or
command economy, however, in the last thirty
years China has transitioned towards a free market
economy.
China, along with many countries in Asia, now
participates in the global market.
Due to rapid industrialization China now faces
several environmental problems such as soil
erosion, air pollution, and the loss of arable land.
Economic Systems
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A.
B.
C.
There are three types of economic
systems:
Free Market Economy
Mixed Economy
Command Economy (Centrally Planned)
The only country in Asia with a strict command economy
is North Korea. Laos, Vietnam, and China are all
transitioning towards free market economies.
Economic Unions
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The largest economic union in this region
is ASEAN, The Association of Southeast
Asian Nations. The members of ASEAN
are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Brunei
Indonesia
Vietnam
Philippines
Malaysia
F. Cambodia
G. Laos
H. Thailand
I. Singapore
J. Myanmar
ASEAN
ASEAN
Population
Parts of Asia are very densely populated and
parts of it are sparsely populated.
 Densely populated areas include Eastern
China, India, Japan, and most of Southeast
Asia.
 Sparsely populated areas are Western China,
Mongolia, and areas in the Himalaya
Mountains.
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Population
China is the most populated country in the
world and India is the second most
populated country.
 China has instituted a one child policy in
order to limit population growth. India has
no policy.
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Population Pyramids
Population Pyramids
Cities
Asia has some of the largest cities in the
world.
 In Asia there is an extreme contrast between
urban areas and rural areas. People in rural
areas are still living a traditional lifestyle
and practicing subsistence farming.
 Many people are moving to cities to look
for jobs.
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Cities
Site = The physical location of a city.
 Situation = The economic, political,
cultural, or topographic factors that make a
city important.
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Cities
City
Site
Singapore
Island
Hong Kong
Island
Situation
On a trade route, The
Strait of Malacca
Xian, China
Grew up on a trade
route,The Silk Road
Varanasi, India
Focal point for
Religious pilgrimage
Silk Road