Transcript ppt-bttm-up-infra-short-1-2002.ppt
Bottom Up Indonesian Internet Infrastructure Onno W. Purbo [email protected]
Independent IT Writer
References http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/ http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/ Mailing List [email protected]
Important Key Factor Human Community Society NOT Technology NOT $$$
Overview Commercial ISP Development Historical View & Tech. Aspects Internet Community Development Major Achievements No backup from World Bank, IMF, ADB Bottom-up Community based Sustainable development
Key Strategies Human factor is the most important KEY.
Provide Free Education to the Society Copyleft & Copywrong movement http://www.bogor.net/idkf/ http://pandu.dhs.org/ Free? How about the reward?
God provides reward in unimaginable ways.
Society Education Process
Pub lis h Packaging Disseminate Feed Back Surfing
Involving Many Volunteers ..
Michael Sunggiardi (Bogor) I Made Wiryana (Germany) Umar Tjokroaminoto (Medan) Adi Nugroho (Makassar) Irwin Day (Makassar) Ismail Fahmi (Bandung) Etc …
Basic strategy in short ..
“Either lead or follow but please don’t block the road for those who would move forward …” Phil Karn at Qualcomm, one of the Wireless Internet guru.
Commercial Internet Development
Commercial ISPs APJII = Indonesian ISP Association http://www.apjii.or.id
IndoNet the first Indonesian commercial ISP in 1994.
APJII Membership 150+ Principal License Holder 80 Member APJII 40+ active in providing services 100+ cities, all provinces Common Facilities APJII IIX APJII IDNIC Domain Registration & NIR (APNIC)
Principal & Operational License
80 70 60 50 40
71
30 20 10
2
0 1994
16 19 13 17 1
1996
6 3 1
1998
7 2 6
2000
20
Prinsip Operasi
Subscriber Distribution Lain2 45% Indonet 5% Indosat 15% Linket 11% Centrin 7% RadNet 7% CBN 10%
Targeted Total Indonesian Internet Users
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
1999 2000 2001 2002
Indonesia Internet Exchange GLOBAL INTERNET ISP
APJII – IIX
(GCC TELKOM) ISP
Some grassroots movements Internet Café High Speed Wireless Internet (11 54Mbps)
Indonesian Internet Cafes 2000+ Internet Cafes Mostly self-finance Hangout at asosiasi [email protected]
Fight for expanding own network & concept towards community based network.
Indonesian Internet Café Access Cost for Public Users Rp. 5000 / hour.
Access Cost for Students at Schools Rp. 5000 / month Return of Investment 1-2 Years (no WB, no IMF, no ADB, no GoI funding) Internet Café is an affordable solution for Indonesian to access the Internet. It may enable 20+ million Indonesian to Internet in next 4-5 years.
Indonesian Wireless Internet Close to 1000 corporate users Uses 11Mbps (soon 54Mbps) wireless connection 2.4GHz (soon at 5-5.8GHz) Hangout [email protected]
Fight for free frequency license
Historical View Social (human) Aspects Technological Aspects
Network Topology: Jan 1993
BPPT LAPAN
1200 bps UHF
1200 bps 2 Meteran
1200 bps UHF
Universitas Indonesia InterNet ITB LAN
Homebrew Radio Modem
Software & PC based 286 & e-mail only Freeware network operating system (NOS) Downloadable from ftp://ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/packet/
APAN
AI3 Indonesia: 1997
TransPAC WIDE STARTAP CA*net3 AI3 S-One / SingaREN vBNS AI3 Indonesia IIX
Current Technology Push Wireless Internet 11-54Mbps Estimated cost US$150 / unit “Unlicensed” band 2.4Ghz, 5-5.8GHz
Build own network, no Telco!
Two Way Satellite
WARNET WARNET WARNET
Radio tow er Satellite dish Satellite Satellite dish
InterNet
Success Factor Community based development.
Human Resource Development Culture!
Shifting mind set!
Self-financing.
Human is the key factor!
Access Behavior Source: Adi Nugroho [email protected]
50% Internet Café in Makassar, Sulawesi 20-27 January 2002.
Logged Access Sites in Makassar *.yahoo.com
*.yimg.com
*.bolehmail.com
*.astaga.com
*.17tahun.com
*.doubleclick.net
*.extrajos.com
*.msn.com
*.akamai.net
*.freebiespider.com
*.geocities.com
6.96% 6.77% 4.69% 2.98% 2.52% 2.02% 1.72% 1.46% 1.40% 1.16% 1.00% 0.85% 0.76%
Access Behavior Search engine & webmail are the the most accessed site.
News & online media are next.
Indonesian pornographic site is next in the row (not much).
2.98% users normally mistype the URL.
Yahoo.com & its family is the most (13%) accessed site.
Indonesian Internet Communities http://www.yahoogroups.com
http://groups.yahoo.com
http://groups.plasa.com
Survey done at yahoogroups.com
Historical Perspective ’90: [email protected]
’96: [email protected]
’99: [email protected]
Evaluate yahoogroups.com
45.000+ Indonesian mailing lists Mostly <100 subscribers Evaluate only >100 subscribers
Evaluation Total mailing list Evaluated 49913 30195 (60.5%) Mailing list > 100 subs 1247 (4.2%)
Mailing lists total Pornography Social Religion Politics Knowledge Hobby Economics Business 1247 73 (5.9%) 350 (28.1%) 155 (12.4%) 94 (7.5%) 257 (20.6%) 110 (8.8
%) 16 (1.3%) 192 (15.4
%)
Subscribers total Pornography Social Religion Politics Knowledge Hobby Economics Business 451887 59871 (13.2%) 87875 (19.4%) 55055 (12.2%) 32124 (7.1%) 83736 (18.5%) 48342 (10.7
%) 4595 (1.0%) 80289 (17.8
%)
Messages in 2001 total Pornography Social Religion Politics Knowledge Hobby Economics Business 1593523 42590 (2.7%) 371749 (23.3%) 190427 (12.0%) 186583 (11.7%) 291544 (18.3%) 236023 (14.8%) 13542 (0.8%) 261065 (16.4%)
Activeness (msg/subs/month) Pornography Social Religion Politics Knowledge Hobby Economics Business 0.71
4.23
3.46
5.81
3.48
4.88
2.95
3.25
Bandwidth (Kbps) total Pornography Social Religion Politics Knowledge Hobby Economics Business 1,711 704 (41.2%) 236 (13.8%) 146 (8.5%) 113 (6.6
%) 270 (15.8%) 103 (6.0%) 9 (0.6%) 128 (7.5%)
Summary ..
Copyleft & copywrong movement
done by many volunteers (not the gov’t) really help in providing knowledge to the society & enable them to build their own infrastructure.
Wireless Internet & Internet café technology
is the key infrastructure. Most of the infrastructure are self-finance with no WB, IMF & ADB involvement.
Gov’t of Indonesia
most of the time claim our sucesses & ask for funding to donor agencies.