Transcript Mark_MacLeod_NTAA-ITEP_Apr07_for Web.ppt

ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Update on Climate Policy
Mark MacLeod
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Climate change is
receiving growing
attention from media
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No one
seriously
questions
the science
anymore.
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Most Americans think global warming is probably
happening . . .
Question: Which statement comes closest to your view about global warming: it probably
is happening, it probably is not happening, or I don’t know if is happening?
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Ayres, McHenry & Associates, Inc. | National Survey of Registered Voters | July 9-13, 2006
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
. . . and that human activity is the cause.
Question: If global warming is happening, do you think it is due more to the normal
cycles in the Earth’s environment, or more to human activity such as burning fossil fuels?
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Ayres, McHenry & Associates, Inc. | National Survey of Registered Voters | July 9-13, 2006
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But Many Think the Impacts are
Remote and in the Future
But they are not…
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Business is Becoming More Active
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Principles
–We know enough to act
–Global problem needs a global solution
– US needs to lead to achieve an equitable and effective international
policy framework for action by all major emitting countries
–Technology is the key to a solution:
• A broad platform of technologies exist to reduce emissions, and cost
effective deployment needs to be encouraged.
• R&D for further advances must have government support
–Program must be: environmentally effective, cost effective, fair and
encourage early action.
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
What About Congress?
In June 2005, 53 Senators
voted for a resolution
for mandatory controls
to slow, stop and
reverse GHG emissions
6 Climate Change bills
introduced so far in
110th Congress
One more tomorrow
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How do we get there?
?
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GLOBAL WARMING BRIEFING
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Climate Change Bills of the 110th Congress
1-30-07
Policy D esign
Element
Status
Title
Lieberman-McCain
S. 280
Olver-Gilchrest
H.R. 620
Sanders-Boxer
S. 309
Bingaman
Waxman
Feinstein Electricity
S. 317
Filed 1-11-07
Filed 1-24-07
Filed 1-15-07
Discussion Draft
2006 Version
Filed 1-17-07
Climate Stewardship and
Innovation Act
2012
Climate Stewardship Act
Climate and Economy
Insurance Act
2012
Safe Climate Act
2012
Global W arming Pollution
Reduction Act
2020
The Electric Utility
Cap-and-Trade Act
2011
2020: -15%
2050: -65%
2020: -15%
2050: -75%
2020: -15%
2050: -83%
2020: +16% (covered
sources)
Intensity-based target,
continues to rise
2020: -15%
2050: -83%
2020: -8% electricity
2050: -41% electricity
2020: +19% total GH G
2050: +62% total GH G
Sectors
Electricity, industrial,
transportation petroleum
Electricity, industrial,
transportation petroleum
Electricity, motor vehicles,
fuel
Entities with highest
emissions, most costeffective options for
reducing emissions
Electricity only
Mechanism
Cap-and-trade
Cap-and-trade
Cap-and-trade, and
performance standards
Cap-and-trade
Cost
Management
Allowance banking and
borrowing, transition assistance
to workers and communities
Allowance banking and
borrowing, transition
assistance to workers and
communities
Cap-and-trade permitted
but not required, and
performance standards
Transition assistance to
workers, communities,
companies
Fossil fuels: coal mines,
refineries, natural gas
processors, electricity,
carbon-intensive
manufacturing
“Upstream” cap-andtrade
Allowances given to
States for purposes
including low income
energy customers,
displaced workers, etc
Safety Valve that allows
excess emissions for $7
ton CO2
Allowance banking
Banking and borrowing,
adaptation assistance to
workers, communities
Limited to 5% set-aside
No specific permission
May use CDM certified
emission reduction
No specific permission
No specific limitation
except for up to 5%
forest mgt
Up to 25% for affected
units, 50% if new
D ate 1st Limit
Levels
(from 2004 net
economy-wide
aggregate emissions)
(also see O ffsets)
Threats to
Integrity
Technology-indexed stop
price
Paramount importance
waiver
Establishes standards but
no rules for use
Agriculture
Offsets
Limited to 30% which includes
International
Limited to 15% which
includes International
International
Offsets
Additional
Limited to 30% which includes
Agricultural
Limited to 15% which
includes Agricultural
No specific provision
Climate Change Credit
Corporation,
Expansive Technology Title to
fund/support innovation
Climate Change Credit
Corporation
Renewable energy standard
– 20% by 2020, energy
efficiency standard –
approx 10% by 2020,
motor vehicle standard,
electric generator emissions
performance standard,
electricity low-carbon
portfolio standard
2010
Renewable energy
standard – 20% by 2020,
energy efficiency
standard, motor vehicle
standard – no less
stringent than CA
New coal units have to
buy allowances unless
they are Advanced Clean
Coal Technology
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Items of Interest to Tribes
• Provisions to assist communities and
workers with adaptation
• Opportunities for agriculture to be able
to sell carbon sequestration credits
• Various incentives/funding for new
technology, demonstration projects
• Congress is what Congress does…
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
International – Post Kyoto
negotiations underway
• Negotiators’ goal: No gap in post-2012
carbon market
• All eyes on U.S., because if the world’s
largest emitter won’t act, developing
countries won’t act either
• Resolution in Congress for US to
engage
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Ideas for Tribes
1. Tribes as Economic Actors
2. Tribes as Stewards of the Land and
Leaders in Oral History Traditions
3. Tribes as Political Actors
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Tribes as Economic Actors
• create inventories of existing greenhouse emissions
sources and registries to record greenhouse gas
reductions
• get experience with agricultural sequestration
projects – including wetlands and grasslands
• use contract requirements to minimize methane
emissions from oil and gas development
• employ economic resources such as windpower on
tribal lands
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Tribes as Stewards of the Land and
Leaders in Oral History Traditions
• creating baseline environmental inventories
to document impacts of climate change
• collecting in an accessible way (website,
recordings, meetings with reporters) personal
stories of changes in species experienced,
weather patterns, food availability, etc.
• highlighting how climate change impacts can
affect culture and heritage
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Tribes as Political Actors
• create a Tribal Climate Protection
Agreement similar to the Mayors’
Agreement
• engage with US political leaders
• provide input to and support for new
international negotiations on global
warming pollution
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE
Thank You