Transcript 2006-09-2527, ScorePP COST 636, Vienna.ppt

SCOREPP
Source Control Options for
Reducing Emissions of Priority Pollutants
Presented by: Peter Steen Mikkelsen
Project Coordinator
Institute of Environment & Resources,
DTU, Denmark
COST Action 636 – Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle, Vienna meeting, 25-27 September 2006
WG1: Identification, sources and fluxes, 1st parallel meeting, 25 September 2006, 16:00-18:00
The SCOREPP project
•
A Specific Targeted Research Project (STREP)
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Funded by the European Commission under the 4th
Call of the 6th Framework Programme, sub-priority
1.1.6.3 ”Global Change and Ecosystems”
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Duration: 1 Oct 2006 + 36 months
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Contract is currently being signed
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Budget: 3.6 M EUR, 2.6 M EUR from the EC
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9 partners
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Partners and key persons
1. Technical University of Denmark, Institute of Environment & Resources (DTU)
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P.S. Mikkelsen, A. Ledin, E. Eriksson, B.K. Rasmussen
2. Middlesex University, School of Health and Social Sciences (MU)
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Mike Revitt, Lian Scholes
3. Gent University, Dept. of Applied Mathematics, Biometrics and Process Control (UGent)
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F. Verdonck, L. Benedetti
4. Anjou Recherge, Municipal Wastewater Department (AR)
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E. Trouve, L. Castillo
5. ENVICAT Consulting (ENVICAT)
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A. Lecloux
6. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodedic Engineering (UL)
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B. Kompare, P. Banovec
7. Dosenvolupament i Societat ESTUDIS SA (ESTUDIS)
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C. Bessat, J. Trouve
8. Stockholm City, Envionmental Monitoring (MF)
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A. Jonsson , L. Sörme
9. Université Laval, Département Génie Civil, modelEAU (modelEAU)
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P. Vanrolleghem, L. Rieger
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Partners and case cities
Partners:
• DTU, Denmark
• MU, UK
• UGent, Belgium
• AR, France
• ENVICAT, Belgium
• UL, Slovenia
• ESTUDIS, Spain
• MF, Sweden
• modelEAU, Canada
Case cities:
• Stockholm, Sweden
• St. Malo, France
• Prague, Czech Republic
• Quebec, Canada
• St. Sebastian, Spain
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Text in work programme
(interpretation follows on the next pages)
Art. 16 of the Water Framework Directive has put in place a
mechanism through which a list of 33 priority pollutants, for which
environmental quality standards and emission control measures have
to be established, was created. From this list, a group of 11 priority
hazardous substances were identified, which will be subject to
cessation or phasing out of discharges, emissions and losses within
an appropriate timetable that shall not exceed 20 years.
This action will investigate alternative technologies, management
options and monitoring systems for source control of priority
substances, carrying out, as well, a multi-criteria comparison with endof-pipe solutions. The impact of different substitution options of priority
substances for their various uses should be assessed. This action
contributes to the objectives of the Environmental Technologies Action
Plan (ETAP).
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Main SCOREPP objectives
• Develop comprehensive and appropirate
source control strategies that authorities,
cities, water utilities and chemical industry
can employ to reduce emissions of priority
pollutants from urban areas
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
WFD PS (33) and PHS (11)
Group
Substance
Alkylphenols
Nonylphenols, Octylphenols
Aromatic carbons
Benzene
Halogenated
hydrocarbons
C10-C13 chloroalkanes,1,2 Dichloroethane, Dichloromethane,
Hexachlorobutadiene, Pentachlorobenzene,
Trichlorobenzenes, Trichloromethane
PAH
Anthracene, Fluoranthene, Naphthalene, Polyaromatic
hydrocarbons (sum)
Plastizisers
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)
Pesticides
Alachlor, Atrazine, Chlorfenvinphos, Chlorpyrifos, Diuron,
Endosulfan, Hexachlorobenzene, Hexachlorocyclohexane,
Isoproturon, Pentachlorophenol, Simazine, Trifluralin
Metals
Cadmium and its compounds, Lead and its compounds,
Mercury and its compounds, Nickel and its compounds
Organo-metals
Tributyltin compounds
Note: New list including EQS was proposed in July 2006
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
SCOREPP Priority Pollutants (PPs)
• The 33 priority substances (PS) identified in the
WFD, and especially the 11 PHS
• Expand list to
– Include ”emerging pollutants” (already the case in the FWD)
– Local demands for monitoring
• Reduce list if
– Appropriate model compounds can be identified (similar
source, fate pattern, legislation)
– Analytical difficulties
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
The considered physical system
Limiting release through:
Example: Combined system:
- Substitution
- Minimising release from produtcs
- Legislation and regulations
- Voluntary use reductions
D+T
D+T
Treatment options:
- Stormwater BMPs
- Household treatment & reuse of WW
- On-site industrial treatment
- WWTPs
- Sludge disposal
Sinks:
T
OL+R
T
T
D+T
- Primary: Surface water (WFD)
- Secondary: Sediments,
soils/gr.water, humans, ...
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Underlying approach
CHIAT - Chemical Hazard Identification and Assessment Tool
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Work packages
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WP1: User requirement analysis and dissemination to end-users
WP2: Analysis of case studies
WP3: Source characterisation of priority pollutants
WP4: Limiting release of priority pollutants
WP5: Treatment options
WP6: GIS-based identification of emission control measures
WP7: Models and monitoring strategies
WP8: Socio-economic analysis of source control measures
WP9: Integration of knowledge and comparison of emission
control strategies
• WP10: Project management and co-ordination
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Project plan
WP
Mth
Resp.
WP1: User requirement analysis and
dissemination to end-users
Advisory board,DTU
PPRIS
WP2: Analysis of case studies
AR
Case studies
WP3: Source characterisation of priority
pollutants
DTU
WP6: GIS-based identification of emission
control measures
UL
Establishing
WP4: Limiting release of technical-scientific
priority pollutants
ENVICAT
facts MU
WP5: Treatment options
WP7: Models and monitoring strategies
GIS, models,
UGent
monitoring
WP8: Socio-economic analysis of source
control measures
ESTUDIS
WP10: Project management and coordination
DTU
Socio-economic and
WP9: Integration of knowledge
and
DTU
integrated
analyses
comparison of emission control strategies
1-12
13-24
25-36
Main output from work packages
• WP8: Socio-economic analysis of source control
measures
– Maco-economic model, socio-economic cost database,
mapping of decision processes, benchmarking, economic
assessment, guidelines
• WP9: Integration of knowledge and comparison of
emission control strategies
– Uncertainty, integration of methodologies in case-studies,
common data structures, comparative screening of ECS,
socio-economic criteria, semi-hypothetical case-studies and
ECS, MCA
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Main output from work packages
• WP3: Source characterisation of priority pollutants
– Database with properties of PPs, mapping of sources and
source dynamics, emission statistics and release factors
• WP4: Limiting release of priority pollutants
– Possible substitutes, minimisation of release from products,
legislative/regulatory handles, voluntary initiatives, feasibility
analysis
• WP5: Treatment options
– Quantification of PP behaviour/fate in stormwater BMPs,
household treatment & reuse systems, on-site industrial
treatment systems, end-of-pipe WWTPs and sludge
disposal, feasibility analysis
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Main output from work packages
• WP6: GIS-based identification of emission control
measures
– Systematic catchment characterisation, unified data formats
and GIS databses, visualisation tools, GIS modelling, DSS
selection of ECS
• WP7: Models and monitoring strategies
– Models for pollution generation and unit processes in
treatment trains, integrated urban-scale PP-exposure model,
strategies for monitoring effect of ECS, guidance on model
based planning of sampling campaigns
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Thanks !
Next time, there will be more results...
Text in work programme
(interpretation follows on the next pages)
Art. 16 of the Water Framework Directive has put in place a
mechanism through which a list of 33 priority pollutants, for which
environmental quality standards and emission control measures have
to be established, was created. From this list, a group of 11 priority
hazardous substances were identified, which will be subject to
cessation or phasing out of discharges, emissions and losses within
an appropriate timetable that shall not exceed 20 years.
This action will investigate alternative technologies, management
options and monitoring systems for source control of priority
substances, carrying out, as well, a multi-criteria comparison with endof-pipe solutions. The impact of different substitution options of priority
substances for their various uses should be assessed. This action
contributes to the objectives of the Environmental Technologies Action
Plan (ETAP).
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Interpretation of call text
• Focus on the 33 PPs on the EU list, in particular the 11 HPPs.
Emerging pollutants should be addresses a little, preferably on a
level where we keep well-informed about the developments.
• The project will not develop new EQS’s for the PPs (there are
other projects focusing on this). We will however invest time in
following the process of how EQS’s is developed by others for
the 33 PPs, to be aware of the boundary conditions to the
project in terms of EQS’s. This involves keeping track of the
scientific developments, and following the work in stakeholder
fora and the policy processes.
• The focus of the project is on identification, quentification and
evaluation of emission control measures
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Interpretation of call text
• Cessation or phasing out of discharges: The project will look at
options for:
– Substitution at the source (e.g. products or materials)
– Effect of policy instruments and financial incentives
– Close-to-the-source control, e.g. on-site industrial wastewater
treatment and stormwater treatment in best management practices
(infiltration units, ponds, etc.)
– End-of-pipe treatment in WWTP’s and similar for stormwater
discharges.
• For WWTP’s we envisage several other, more focused, EUprojects so this project will not put it’s emphasis on WWTPs (we
will have to stay informed about the developments though).
• Time frame for scenarios investigated in the project: maximum
20 year but with shorter time frames when necessary to support
European policy and/or legislation.
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Interpretation of call text
• The project has focus on alternative:
– Technologies: This includes up-stream options such as industrial
WWTP’s and stormwater treatment especially for surfaces with high
traffic load. It also oncludes downstream treatment options,
although this is not where this project will put emphasis.
– Management options: This includes substition of products and
materials, policy instruments, financial incentives, street sweeping,
etc.
– Monitoring systems: This involves improving the current monitoring
systems in receiving waters to target all the 33 PPs as well as
possible other relevant emerging P’s. But it particularly addresses
how monitoring systems can be modified to be able to characterise
the sources of PPs better and to identify the effect of source control
options. ”Intelligent design” of up-stream sampling campaigns with
increased frequency seems to be an obvious approach.
… for source control of priority substances
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Interpretation of call text
•
•
As a basis for all comparisons sound mass balances respecting the relevant
time scales must be established. This sets new demands for modelling tools in
the area of source-flux-fate models.
Multi-criteria comparison with end-of-pipe solutions includes/demands:
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Two types of case-studies:
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Formulations of realistic scenarios aiming at reducing emissions of PPs
Evaluation of a range of indicators/criteria for use in comarison, most importantly:
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Semi-hypothetical case-studies where ideas can be framed and tested
Real case-studies in European cities (where ambitious modelling and monitoring should
preferably already take place)
Cost evaluation (construction and running costs). This was emphasized by A Tilche at the
information meeting in Brussels.
Socio-economic impacts in a broader sence (to be able to compare ”soft” and ”hard”
approaches
Environmental impacts, either qualitatively or based on a LCA approach involving definition of a
functional unit, similar to the way it is done in e.g. the solid waste sector
Due to the potential ”political sensitivity” of the subject area the multi-criteria
comparison must be done in a transparent manner in support of an open
dialogue process involving inportant stakeholders (both at the case-study and
the European level).
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Interpretation of call text
• The impact of different substitution options of priority
substances for their various uses should be
assessed, i.e. it must be mapped out/evaluated for
each PP:
– Substitution options are an important part of the project
– The options for substituting each PP for each use must be
mapped out
– The potential efficiency of substitution for reducing emissions
must be evaluated
– Substitution must be included in the multi-criteria evaluation
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Interpretation of call text
• ETAP is composed of actions around three main themes:
– Getting from Research to Markets;
– Improving Market Conditions;
– Acting globally.
• The participants in the WSSTP will together produce a common
vision document for the whole European water industry together
with a strategic research agenda and an implementation plan for
the short (2010), medium (2020) and long term (2030). The
WSSTP will contribute to:
– the competitiveness of the European water industry (Lisbon
Strategy);
– solving the European water problems
– reaching the Millennium Development Goals (Johannesburg).
• Our interpretation is that for this project, the underlined
sentences are more important than reaching the Millenium
Development Goals.
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006
Overall project objectives
• O1: Identify options to cessate, or phase out
of discharges, emissions and losses of PPs
• O2: Develop appropriate tools to assess if
O1 can be achieved in practice (databases,
simulation models, monitoring strategies,
evaluation tools)
• O3: Prepare guidance documents
• O4: Demonstrate usefulness in case studies
in different contexts
Mikkelsen, P.S.: Presentation of the SCOREPP project. 25 September 2006