Transcript Enabling Utra-Fast Broadband in Ontario

IXP Innovation in Ontario: Leveraging
Network Peering as Value in Collaboration
OUCC2014
April 28, 2014
Michael Studniberg
Randy LaFramboise
Ministry of Research and
Innovation
Ministry of Economic
Development Trade and
Employment
Centre for Smart Community
Innovation (CSCI)
University of Windsor
Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction
Background
What is an IXP?
Benefits of Peering
IT Perspective
IXPs in Canada and around the World
IXPs and Post-Secondary Institutions
A new IXP in Windsor
Other new IXPs in Ontario
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
2
Government of Ontario
E-Business and Entrepreneurship
• Promote the adoption of
e-business and access
to ultra-fast broadband
connectivity by
Ontario’s small and
medium enterprises.
• Enable them to improve
their efficiencies,
increase collaboration
and market their goods
to a global economy.
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
3
Government of Ontario
Basic Broadband Programs
• Since 2007, Ontario invested
$170 million and leveraged
more than $300 million of
private and federal funding to
provide high-speed broadband
service of at least 1.5 Megabits
per second (Mbps)
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
• Broadband programs in
Ontario:
• Rural Connections
• Building Broadband in Rural
and Northern Ontario
• Eastern Ontario Regional
Network (EORN)
• Northwestern Ontario
Broadband Expansion
Initiative
• These will all be completed by
the end of 2014
4
Canadian Context – Urban v. Rural
Close to 100%
HH in
communities
get over 1.5
Mbps, but
many rural HH
rely on cellular.
Close to 40%
HH in
communities
can get 100
Mbps
Rural areas
have much
slower speeds.
Source: CRTC Communications Monitoring Report 2013
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
5
Broadband Conduit Corridors
Percentage of customer connections that are fibre-to-the-home or fibre-to-the-building
• Canada ranks 24th on
the list at 2%
• Canada is well behind
other developed nations
such as the USA and the
UK
Percentage of fibre connections – June 2013 - OECD broadband statistics [www.oecd.org/sti/ict/broadband]
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
6
The Role of Government in Telecom
• Encourage and promote competition
• Government is a large consumer of telecom services
• Telecom infrastructure runs in government-owned
property through rights-of-way
• Telecom is regulated by the federal government (CRTC)
• Many telcos in Ontario are publically-owned
• Broadband is increasingly viewed as an essential service
• Government services are increasingly offered online
• Government should ensure equitable access to ultra-fast
broadband
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
7
Centre for Smart Community Innovation WEDnet
• WEDnet was created in November 1994 to create a high-speed
communications infrastructure in the Windsor-Essex region
• By 1996, a consortium was formed that looked for similar interest in
high-speed infrastructure. This was leveraged cooperatively, and
today we have 10 Gigabit core throughput to ORION and by
extension, CANARIE
• WEDnet is part of Connecting Windsor-Essex (CWE), and the Centre
for Smart Community Innovation has been mandated to support the
network and its related activities
• WEDnet today is a Regional Advanced Network (RAN) that depends
on regional collaboration, both public and private sector, for Intelligent
Community initiatives and innovation
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
8
CSCI – Communities and Internet
"Intelligent Communities leverage information and communications
technology to improve the quality of life of their residents - in the delivery
of education, health care and government services."
[From http://www1.uwindsor.ca/csci/]
"Cisco defines the Internet of Everything (IoE) as bringing together
people, process, data, and things to make networked connections more
relevant and valuable than ever before-turning information into actions
that create new capabilities, richer experiences, and unprecedented
economic opportunity for businesses, individuals, and countries."
[From http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac79/innov/IoE.html]
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
9
Growth in Canadian Internet Traffic
5,000
23% annual
growth
4,500
• Exponential growth in
traffic will require
Ontario’s telcos to make
on-going capital
investments
Data Volume (PB)
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Year
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
Sources:
1. CRTC Report: Navigating Convergence
II: Charting Canadian
Communications Change and
Regulatory Implications. Convergence
Policy, Policy Development and
Research. August 2011
2. Cisco Visual Networking Index:
Forecast and Methodology, 20122017.
1 Petabyte (PB) = 1,000,000 Gigabytes
10
What is an
Internet Exchange Point?
• Neutral facility where multiple organizations
can inter-connect their networks through a
central switching fabric
• Share data with each other without using
the public Internet
• Directly sharing data is called ‘peering’
• Peering is the alternative to ‘transit’
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
11
Who Peers at an IXP?
• Historically, most peers were ISPs or RANs
• Now:
• digital media firms, broadcasters, software
development companies including gaming
companies, web hosting firms, content delivery
networks, large enterprises, public sector
organizations, and many more!
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
12
How Transit Works
All
organizations
are in the
same
city/region
Small
Company
$
ISP
Large
Enterprise
$
Internet
$
$
ISP
Website
Hosting
Company
$
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
13
How Transit Works
Small
Company
$
ISP
Large
Enterprise
$
Internet
$
$
ISP
Website
Hosting
Company
$
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
14
How Transit Works
• Traffic may go through other cities or even
other countries
• Slow
• Expensive
• You pay your ISP
• Your ISP pays another ISP for access to the
global Internet
• Shouldn’t local traffic stay local?
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
15
How Peering Works
Small
Company
$
ISP
Large
Enterprise
$
Internet
$
IXP
$
ISP
Website
Hosting
Company
$
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
16
How Peering Works
• You join the IXP as a member and lease a
circuit into the IXP facility
• You set up peering agreements with other
members (bilateral agreements)
• Traffic destined for other peers goes
through the IXP instead of the Internet
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
17
Peering vs Transit
• By peering, you lower the volume of traffic
you send to the Internet via your ISP
• Your connection to the IXP is a fixed cost
• You don’t pay the other members to peer
Small
Company
ISP
IXP
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
18
Peering vs Transit
• The goal is to peer sufficient traffic such
that the savings realized from peering are
greater than the cost of IXP membership
Small
Company
ISP
IXP
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
19
Benefits of Peering
• Improved quality of service
• Packets arrive at their destination faster
• Less chance of encountering congested links
on the Internet
• Important for streaming HD video and other
real-time services
• Local Google, Akamai, Netflix caches
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
20
Benefits of Peering
• Redundancy
Source:
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
21
Benefits of Peering
• Redundancy
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
22
Benefits of Peering
Source: PCH for CIRA (2012) Toward Efficiencies in Canadian Internet Traffic Exchange
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
23
Benefits of Peering
• Transit group buying
•
•
•
•
Peers can band together to buy transit in bulk
Better transit unit price
Attract new ISPs to the city/region
Expected savings can be up to 50%
Source: Stanojevic, R, Castro, I, Gorinsky, S, CIPT: Using Tuangou to Reduce IP Transit Costs, ACM CoNext 2011, December 2011.
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
24
Benefits of Peering
• Economic development perspectives
• Companies lower their operational expenses
• Re-invest into expansion and new employees
• Attract new companies to the region
• Bolster city’s reputation
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
25
ISP 1
IT Perspective
ISP 1’s PR
ISP 2
ISP 2’s PR
Ethernet
switch
ISP 3
ISP 4’s PR
ISP 3’s PR
ISP 4
IXP
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
26
IT Perspective
• Simple layer 2 architecture
• Ethernet
• Though ATM, frame relay, etc., IXPs do exist
• Layer 3 IXPs exist (router-centric)
• More work to setup and run
• More expensive
• More typical in for-profit ‘American model’ IXPs
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
27
IT Perspective
• Redundancy
• Double up everything, especially the switch!
ISP 1’s PRs
ISP 2’s PRs
Ethernet
switches
ISP 3’s PRs
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
ISP 4’s PRs
28
IT Perspective
• Value-added services
• Attract new peers, improve business case
ISP 1’s PRs
ISP 2’s PRs
Ethernet
switches
DNS
NTP
etc.
ISP 3’s PRs
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
ISP 4’s PRs
29
IXPs around the World
Source: TeleGeography’s Internet Exchange Map: http://www.internetexchangemap.com/
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
30
IXPs around the World
• There are approximately 400 exchange
points around the world
• Top 3:
Frankfurt
600+ peers
3,400 Gbps peak
Amsterdam
650 peers
2,700 Gbps peak
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
London
515 peers
2,000 Gbps peak
31
IXPs in Canada
• There are eight IXPs in Canada
• Five are not-for-profit entities
Toronto
100+ peers
146 Gbps peak
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
Ottawa
12 peers
900 Mbps daily max
32
IXPs in Canada
• Three new IXPs have launched in the last
year!
YYCIX
Winnipeg
Calgary
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
Montréal
33
IXPs and Post-Secondary
Institutions
• Internationally, IXPs have a long association with colleges
and universities
• This is not as common in North America
• Peering and research opportunities
• Bring the world "closer", while bringing local resources closer
• Opportunities for the next generation of Internet leaders
• The "Internet of Everything" means the participation of
everyone to truly succeed
• Post-secondary institutions bring together new ideas with
exposure to what is working now
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
34
IXPs and Post-Secondary
Institutions
• Vienna Internet Exchange (VIX)
• Provided and operated by the University of Vienna,
Austria
• Redundant dual sites
• The VIX Network Operations Center service is
exclusively provided by staff members of the University
of Vienna Computer Center
• Norwegian Internet Exchange (NIX)
• Owned and operated by the Centre for Information
Technology Services, University of Oslo
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
35
IXPs and Post-Secondary
Institutions
• Hong Kong Internet Exchange (HKIX)
• Founded in 1995 by the Information Technology
Services Centre of the Chinese University of Hong
Kong
• Its aim is to keep all HK’s traffic in HK
• Singapore Open Exchange (SOX)
• Hosted by the National University of Singapore
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
36
IXPs and Post-Secondary
Institutions
• Malawi Internet Exchange (MIX)
• Hosted at College of Medicine, University of Malawi
• Malawi Internet Service Providers' Association
operates the IXP
• The University was one of three co-founders
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
37
A New IXP in Windsor
• MEDTE/MRI has been working with Windsor’s
CSCI
• Windsor is a suitable location for a new IXP
• Windsor is a designated Intelligent Community (2011) by the
Intelligent Community Forum
• Most of Windsor’s Internet traffic must travel through Toronto,
even if its destination is also in Windsor
• Transit in the region is expensive compared to other urban areas
• The region is transitioning away from its traditional manufacturingsector past
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
38
A New IXP in Windsor
• An IXP in the Windsor-Essex region is the next logical
step in enabling enhanced communication and
participating in a global economy.
• The "Internet of Everything" involves the participation of
everybody.
• The two quotes from earlier have this in common...quality
of life, collaboration, improving economic circumstance
and services. But the only way it starts is by
communication...and by having the framework to achieve
it...
• Who should be involved? Anybody who leverages the
Internet to do business!
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
39
A New IXP in Windsor
• Presented to CWE board of directors and won
approval to proceed
• Support from the local technology accelerator,
WEtech Alliance, a member of the ONE, and from
the Windsor-Essex Small Business Centre
• Currently focused on raising awareness, outreach
to industry, and securing funding for marketing
and capital expenses
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
40
Current & Potential Internet Exchange Points in Ontario
FOR DISCUSSION PURPOSES ONLY
To
Thunder
Bay
OTTIX
Ottawa
QIX
Montreal
Sudbury-North Bay
Orillia-Barrie
TORIX
Toronto
London-Waterloo
Kingston
St Catharines
Draft for Discussion
41
To Chicago
Windsor
Ministry of Economic Development,
Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
41
To
New York
Thank you!
Michael Studniberg
Randy LaFramboise
Senior Analyst Engineer
Government of Ontario
(416) 212-6176
[email protected]
Network and Systems Specialist
Centre for Smart Community
Innovation (CSCI) - ITS
University of Windsor
[email protected]
Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Employment
Ministry of Research and Innovation
42