Transcript History of American Broadcasting

Audio Video
Production
History of
American
Broadcasting
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1
Broadcasting:
A Young Media
In
Pittsburgh
PA
1700’s
1837
1876
1920
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1948
2
Television Development
1920’s
1926
1928
• Many companies experimenting with
and developing TV.
• Philo T. Farnsworth (American)
experimented with electronic TV—
stream of electrons.
• Vladimir Zworykin develop/refines
iconoscope tube.
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3
Television Development
1928
1st TV Drama
broadcast
1931
Regularly scheduled
TV begins
1935
Electronic TV is
demonstrated to the
press
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4
Television Development
1936
Germany: televises Olympics.
Britain: few hours of regular
programming a day.
1939
The TV is presented at the New
York World’s Fair.
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5
Television Development
1941
1942
1945
FCC
authorizes
TV
broadcast.
15 hours of
programming
each week.
150
applications
for TV
stations
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6
Color Television
19321945
• Experimentation with color during
WWII
1946
• Non-compatible mechanical color
system is presented.
1947
• FCC refuses color request.
1948
• 50 TV stations on air, 124 authorized.
• FCC establishes a four year freeze on
new TV licenses.
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7
Color Television
1950
• Korean War slows color TV progress.
• FCC announces mechanical color system.
• Negative response from stations and the public.
1951
• National Television System Committee (NTSC)
explores color.
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8
Cable Television
1950
• Community
Antenna
Television
1952
• Coaxial cable is
installed in large
cities, reducing
ghosting.
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9
Color Television
1952
1953
FCC lifts TV freeze
FCC approves
NTSC compatible
electronic color
system
FCC approves UHF
Old TV’s don’t get
UHF
Ruling: all new TV’s
must have both
VHF and UHF
Korean War ends
10
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Video Recorders
1956
Videotaping is
demonstrated
1963
A home VTR
costs $995
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11
Television
1950’s
1952
1960
1960’s
Live dramatic series.
Rampant growth in TV, from 108 in ‘52…
…to 522 stations. 90% of homes have TVs.
Large variety of TV programs.
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12
Television
1966
• All 3 networks have color.
1967
• Public Broadcasting Act of
1967 authorizes the
Corporation for Public
Broadcasting.
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13
Television
1980
1% of homes
have VCRs.
Camcorder is
sold to
consumers
1984
Stereo AM &
TV.
FCC begins
deregulation.
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14
Cable Television
1972
• FCC ends ban on cable TV in large
cities.
• Beginning of “Pay TV” for cable.
1977
• Two-way cable in Columbus, Ohio.
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15
Cable Television
1980
1981
1987
1998
• Cable news stations begin
• Music videos on cable
• 50% of homes with TV have cable
• Digital compression used in cable
• More than 30% (around 22.9 million) of U.S.
cable receive digital cable service
2004
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16
Digital Television
1997
• DVD introduced.
• FCC rules: all U.S. SDTV stations must
be DTV by 2006, now 2009.
1999
• Stations begin broadcasting Digital TV and wide screen
HDTV.
2004
• More than 1000 US TV stations broadcast digital
signal.
• 3 million HDTV sets in homes.
• All manufactured sets 36” and larger must have a
digital tuner.
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17
Digital Television
2006
2009
1000+ U.S.
digital TV stations
on the air.
Broadcast TV in
U.S. goes all
digital.
Consumers buy
HDTV sets in
significant
numbers.
Most analog TV
transmitters shut
down.
2010
3-D TV sets
go on sale
in U.S.
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18
What about the future?
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19