Transcript Efficiency Standards for Florida

FLORIDA SOLAR ENERGY CENTER
Creating Energy Independence Since 1975
Appliance and Equipment
Efficiency Standards for Florida
Jeff Sonne
Senior Research Engineer
Florida Solar Energy Center
A Research Institute of the University of Central Florida
Florida Solar Energy Center
Florida Solar Energy Center
 Energy
institute of the State of Florida
 Largest
and most active in nation
 30-year history of research and training
excellence
 Approximately
 90
150 staff
professionals
 45 technical support and clerical staff
 15 graduate student assistants
Extensive Lab Facilities
Applications Research
Major Program Areas
 Solar
Thermal Heating System
 Photovoltaics & Distributed
Generation
 Energy-Efficient Buildings
 Hydrogen and Alternative Fuels
 Education and Training
Overview
 Cost
Effective Energy Conservation
Project
 Federal and State Standards Background
 Energy Use of Appliances
 Standards Discussion / Input
Cost Effective Energy
Conservation Project
Intent is to:
“provide technical, administrative and
logistical support the Florida Building
Commission and the Department of
Community Affairs for energy conservation
related tasks…directed by the Governor in
Executive Order 07-127.”
Cost Effective Energy
Conservation Project
Four project tasks:
1. Develop model ordinance(s) to promote
participation in “Green Building” programs
2. Evaluate the standard for energy efficiency
of the Florida Energy Code and national
model codes and standards
3. Develop a public awareness website
4. Identify and review new or updated energy
conservation standards for products.
Cost Effective Energy
Conservation Project
Task 4:
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“Identify efficiency improvements that could be
anticipated by implementation of new standards
consistent with the Governor’s Executive Order 07127…”
“Identify potential energy efficiency standards for
products and systems components that use
electricity pursuant to…07-127…”
“…energy using products including, but not limited
to, residential pool pumps, pool heaters, spas and
commercial and residential appliances.”
U.S. “Energy Pie”
Florida’s Energy Pie
17.6%
47.5%
34.9%
Distribution of Florida
Primary Energy Use, 1999
2005 Florida Electricity Profile

Net Summer Capability:
 Net Generation:
 Emissions
 Carbon
Dioxide:
 Nitrogen Oxide:
 Sulfur Dioxide:
53,220 MW
220,256,411 MWh
130,325 Thousand MT
227 Thousand MT
412 Thousand MT
Florida ranks 2nd of all states in net
generation and 3rd in capability
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/st_profiles/florida.html
2005 Florida Emissions
Florida ranks 3rd
in carbon dioxide
and nitrogen
oxide emissions
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/st_profiles/florida.html
Florida Home Energy Use
Total = 17,130 kWh
Heat (7%)
AC (33%)
Other (34%)
Dryer (5%)
Pool (7%)
DHW (13%)
Range (2%)
Parker, D., "Research Highlights from a Large Scale Residential Monitoring Study in a Hot Climate “
Florida Solar Energy Center, FSEC-pf-369-02, Jan. 01, 2002
Florida Home Energy Use
Florida Codes & Standards: 1979 - 2007
Annual Energy Use (kWh/yr)
30,000
In 1979 Other = 28% of total
In 2007 Other = 52% of total
25,000
7458
20,000
2869
15,000
2430
8303
10,000
13182
2420
5,000
565
4421
0
1979 Code
Cooling
Heating
2007 Code
Hot Water
All Other
Fairey, P., J. Sonne, "Effectiveness of Florida's Residential Energy Code: 1979 - 2007“
Florida Solar Energy Center, FSEC-CR-1717-07, May. 15, 2007
Florida Pool Energy Use
1999 utility study results showing pool electrical demand –
24% had pools with avg. use of 4,200 kWh/yr; 7% had
electrically heated hot tubs with avg. use of 2,150 kWh/yr.
Parker, D., "Research Highlights from a Large Scale Residential Monitoring Study in a Hot Climate “
Florida Solar Energy Center, FSEC-pf-369-02, Jan. 01, 2002
Home “Other” Use Increasing
Utility study results showing lighting, refrigerator and
plug loads use increased by an average of 8.2 Wh/day
or about 17% over the 1999 monitoring period.
Parker, D., "Research Highlights from a Large Scale Residential Monitoring Study in a Hot Climate “
Florida Solar Energy Center, FSEC-pf-369-02, Jan. 01, 2002
Standards Background
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History of effective and successful state appliance
and equipment efficiency standards starting in the
1970s (e.g. refrigerators)
Standards led to support for and enactment of
national standards in 1987, 1988, 1992 and 2005
Overall federal appliance and equipment efficiency
standards projected to save 9.1% of total U.S.
electricity use and reduce CO2 emissions by 316
million metric tons in 2020
Overall savings to consumers and businesses from
these existing standards will approach $250 billion by
2020.
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Standards Selection

If a national standard exists, states can only
enforce a tougher standard by first petitioning
the U.S. DOE for a waiver
 Thus our focus is on items not currently
regulated and possibly those that DOE has
not updated (transformer Final Rule 10/12/07)
 Opportunities for greater saturation of efficient
appliances or requirements not covered for
that appliance.
Standards Selection
Products Included in National Appliance Energy
Conservation Act (NAECA) of 1987
Refrigerators-freezers
Clothes washers
Freezers
Clothes dryers
Room air conditioners
Dishwashers
Central ACs & HPs
Ranges & ovens
Furnaces and boilers
Pool heaters
Water heaters
Fluorescent lamp ballasts
Direct-fired space heaters
Televisions*
* Specific standards not set, but DOE instructed to investigate whether standards were technically
feasible and economically justified, and to set standards where these criteria were met.
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Standards Selection
Products Added in the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992
Fluorescent lamps
Showerheads
Incandescent reflector lamps
Faucets & aerators
Electric motors (1-200 hp)
Toilets
Commercial packaged AC/HPs
Distribution transformers*
Commercial furnaces & boilers
Small electric motors (<1 hp)*
Commercial water heaters
High-intensity discharge lamps*
* Specific standards not set, but DOE instructed to investigate whether standards were technically
feasible and economically justified, and to set standards where these criteria were met.
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Standards Selection
Products with Standards Set in the Energy Policy Act
(EPAct) of 2005
Ceiling fan light kits
Dehumidifiers
Compact fluorescent lamps
Torchiere lighting fixtures
Com. AC/HPs (unitary 240-760 kBtu/hr)
Commercial clothes washers
Distribution transformers (low voltage) Exit signs
Fl. Lamp ballasts (F34 and F96ES types) Ice-makers (cube type- 50-2,500 lbs/day)
Mercury vapor lamp ballasts
Pedestrian traffic signals
Pre-rinse spray valves
Com. frigs and freezers (packaged)
Traffic signals
Unit heaters
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Standards Selection

Provide significant and very cost-effective
energy savings for purchasers/users
 Readily available products that meet the
standard
 Easily developed and implemented at low cost
to the state (either another state or national
voluntary standard is already in use
elsewhere).
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
Leading the Way: Continued Opportunities for New State
Appliance and Equipment Efficiency Standards
March 2006
American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy
and
Appliance Standards Awareness Project
http://www.standardsasap.org/documents/leading_2006.htm
Sample Standards
DVD Players and Recorders Standard
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All DVD players and recorders will
meet Energy Star maximum standby
mode power level of 3 W
Incremental cost: $1 / 1.0 year payback
2020 energy savings: 14.3 GWh
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 8,808 metric tons
 NOx: 3.1 metric tons
 SO2: 32.0 metric tons
Currently adopted in 3 states / pending in 2 states
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
Single-Voltage External AC to DC Power Standard
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Minimum active mode efficiency and
maximum no-load mode energy
consumption based on output Wattage.
Incremental cost: $0.5 / 1.2 year payback
2020 energy savings: 279.4 GWh
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 169,187 metric tons
 NOx: 59.7 metric tons
 SO2: 624.7 metric tons
Currently adopted in 10 states / pending in 3 states
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
State-Regulated Incandescent Reflector Lamps
Standard
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Most BR, BPAR, ER and R20 lamps
meet the same efficacy requirements
as R lamps (some exceptions)
Incremental cost: $1.0 / 0.1 year payback
2020 energy savings: 327.5 GWh
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 198,547 metric tons
 NOx: 69.9 metric tons
 SO2: 732.2 metric tons
Currently adopted in 9 states / pending in 4 states
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
Walk-In Refrigerators and Freezers Standard
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Prescriptive standard based on CEC
standard with insulation and lighting
efficacy modifications
Incremental cost: $957 / 1.4 year
payback
2020 energy savings: 235.2 GWh
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 142,396 metric tons
 NOx: 50.2 metric tons
 SO2: 525.8 metric tons
Currently adopted in 5 states / pending in 4 states
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
Gas-Fired Pool Heater Standard
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Two-part standard that disallows constant
burning pilot lights and requires a minimum
80% thermal efficiency
Incremental cost: $295 / 2.5 year payback
2020 energy savings: 453.8 Million CF
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 21,286 metric tons
 NOx: 7.1 metric tons
 SO2: 0.1 metric tons
National standard thermal efficiency minimum is 78% (requires
waiver); California prohibits constant burning pilot lights
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
Portable Electric Spas Standard
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Maximum standby energy
consumption of 5 * (V2/3) Watts
where “V” is spa volume
Incremental cost: $100 / 4.2 year payback
2020 energy savings: 6.8 GWh
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 4,037 metric tons
 NOx: 1.5 metric tons
 SO2: 15.2 metric tons
Currently adopted in 3 states / pending in 1 state
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
Sample Standards
Residential Pool Pumps Standard
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Two-part standard that bans split-phase
and capacitor start-induction run motors,
and requires two-speed pumps/controls
Incremental cost: $664 / 6.5 year payback
2020 energy savings: 768 GWh
2020 emissions reductions
 CO2: 579,126 metric tons
 NOx: 699.1 metric tons
 SO2: 1,831.1 metric tons
Currently adopted in 2 states / pending in 1 state
Source: ACEEE / ASAP “Leading the Way” report, March 2006
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