Transcript Slide 0

Rapporto orientamento – Le sfide future alla luce
del nuovo mercato del lavoro
Rome, 25 October 2012
Lifelong guidance supporting better labour
market integration in Europe
Mr Mika Launikari
Centre for International Mobility CIMO
Euroguidance Finland
EU POLICY INITIATIVES LINKED TO GUIDANCE
Validation and
recognition of
non-formal
learning
(2012)
New skills
for new jobs
(2008)
Council
Decision on
guidelines for
employment
policies of
Member
States (2010)
BOLOGNA
PROCESS
KEY COMPETENCES
(2006)
Migration and mobility (2011)
EQF for LLL
(2008)
LIFELONG GUIDANCE
European
Disability
Strategy
2010-2020
Youth on
the Move
(2010)
Council resolutions (2004, 2008)
Europe 2020:
European
strategy for
smart, sustainable & inclusive
growth.
Education
and training
2020
COPENHAGEN
PROCESS
E.g. Bruges
Communiqué,
(2010)
European Credit System for Vocational
Education and Training (ECVET, 2009)
EU benchmarks to be achieved by 2020
Education and training 2020:
1) Participation in early childhood education (at least 95%);
2) Insufficient abilities of 15-year olds in literacy, mathematics and
science (less than 15%);
3) Early leavers from education and training (less than 10%);
4) 30-34 year olds with tertiary educational attainment (at least 40%);
5) 25-64 year old adults participating in lifelong learning (at least 15%).
Commission Communication on Annual Growth Survey
(2011):
An employment rate of 75% for all people between 20 and 64 and
50% for all 55-64 years old by 2020.
International policy focus on lifelong guidance
• In 2001, OECD launched a review of guidance policies (included 14 OECD
member countries);
• In 2002, European Commission invited Cedefop and European Training
Foundation to review the remaining EU Member States and the EU candidate
countries at that time;
• In 2002, the World Bank also undertook a related review of guidance policies
in 7 middle-income countries;
• By 2012, these reviews have covered 55 countries and key findings have
been published in two handbooks for policy-makers:
OECD/EC, 2004. Career guidance and public policy – Bridging the gap.
http://www.oecd.org/education/educationeconomyandsociety/34050171.pdf
ILO, 2006. Career Guidance - An International Resource Handbook.
• Six International Symposia on Career Development and Public Policies
have been organised since 1999. The 7th symposium will be held in Finland
2013. (http://www.iccdpp.org/Symposia/tabid/78/Default.aspx).
European policy focus on lifelong guidance
•
European Commission Communication on Making a European Area of
Lifelong Learning a Reality (2001)
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:52001DC0678:EN:NOT
•
•
•
European Commission Lifelong Guidance Expert Group (2002-2007):
a) develop a common understanding of basic concepts and underlying
principles for guidance;
b) reflect on the quality of guidance provision to develop common guidelines
and quality criteria for accrediting guidance services and products.
European Commission Joint action programme (2004-06): 6+6 countries
in two clusters working on national guidance coordination mechanisms
Council resolutions on lifelong guidance (2004; 2008)
http://ec.europa.eu/education/policies/2010/doc/resolution2004_en.pdf (2004)
http://eurlex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2008:319:0004:0007:EN:PDF (2008)
•
•
European Lifelong Guidance Policy Network ELGPN (2007 - ongoing)
EU Presidency Conferences with a focus on guidance held in Finland
(2006), France (2008), Spain (2010) and Cyprus (2012).
European Lifelong Guidance Policy Network and
Council resolution on lifelong guidance (2008)
FOUR PRIORITY AREAS:
1. Lifelong acquisition of Career Management Skills (CMS): Career
management skills refer to a whole range of competences which provide
structured ways for individuals and groups to gather, analyse, synthesise and
organise self, educational and occupational information as well as the skills to
make and implement decisions and transitions.
2. Access by all citizens to guidance services: multi-channel service delivery
3. Quality assurance in guidance provision: European and national policymakers require more evidence on the expected outcomes as well as on the
impacts of different service delivery modes to improve guidance service quality
4. Coordination and cooperation among the various national, regional and
local stakeholders: Establishing a more coherent lifelong guidance system to
improve the effectiveness of guidance delivery and to provide citizens with
adequate, accurate and easily accessible information, guidance and counselling.
Implementation of guidance resolution (2008)
European Lifelong Guidance Policy Network (ELGPN) website http://elgpn.eu
• Lifelong Guidance Policies Work in Progress - A report on the work of the
ELGPN 2008–10 http://ktl.jyu.fi/img/portal/8465/ELGPN_report_2009-10.pdf?cs=1284966063
• Examples of Lifelong Guidance related initiatives and practices in ELGPN
member countries http://elgpn.eu/elgpndb
• The following ELGPN products will be formally released at the ELGPN
meeting in Cyprus on 25-26 October 2012: Lifelong Guidance Policy
Development - a European Resource Kit, the ELGPN Glossary, the 201112 ELGPN Progress Report and the Short Report.
European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop)
• Cedefop (2011). Lifelong guidance across Europe – Reviewing policy
progress and future prospects. http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/6111_en.pdf
ITALIAN GUIDANCE REPORT 2011on Challenges and objectives for
a new Labour Market – SOME REFLECTIONS AND OBSERVATIONS
POLICY COORDINATION & COOPERATION
Contract between state and regions
Central coordination body
Provincial and local actors
Cross-sectoral cooperation
Political and institutional will
Social partners and employers
Legislation & funding
ACCESS TO GUIDANCE SERVICES
Service infrastructure
National archive/database on guidance
Awareness of services among users
Different groups, different needs (Equity)
Multi-channel provision (social media?)
Information & guidance, but less
counselling
QUALITY IN GUIDANCE
Professionalisation of guidance service
Training of guidance practitioners
Minimum quality standards
Regional differences
Developing a common understanding
Linking policy-research-practice
Cost-benefit-ratio
CAREER MANAGEMENT SKILLS and beyond
Education-to-employment transition
Employability
Entrepreneurship
Life design
Self-directedness
Empowerment
Transferable skills and competences
Systemic model for network-based guidance service development and evaluation (S.Nykänen, 2007)
The system
level of
guidance
Background
I Public
decisionmaking on
guidance
II Guidance
service
arrangements
(I and II steered by
guidance,
organisational,
network,
management and
system theories)
Dimensions of guidance
Strengths
Development needs
Policy
The questions in the framework of the strategic learning loop
Analysis and
assessment
Visions, strategies,
development goals
Communication and
commitment
Activities and lifelong learning
Bottom up
Transformative action
Context
(third loop learning)
Organisation
Flexible action
Division of responsibilities
(second loop learning)
Services visible to clients
Division of labour
III
Guidance
services
visible to
clients
(Steered by
guidance theories)
Content
Corrective action resulting from
feedback (first loop learning)
Methods
Top down
Time – learning path
European Union definition of employability
The combination of factors enabling individuals to
progress towards or get into employment, to stay in
employment and to progress during career.
Employability of individuals depends on
(a) Personal attributes (including adequacy of skills and
knowledge);
(b) How these personal attributes are presented on the
labour market;
(c) The environmental and social contexts (i.e. incentives
and opportunities offered to update and validate their
knowledge and skills); and
(d) The economic context.
Cedefop (2009). Terminology of European education and training policy.
http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/4064_en.pdf
EU policy and strategy documents on employability
Council conclusions on a strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training ”ET 2020” (2009) ”… enhance employability through education and training to meet current and future labour
market challenges …”
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2009:119:0002:0010:EN:PDF
Council conclusions on the role of education and training in the
implementation of the Europe 2020 strategy (2011) ”… enhance
employability of the transition towards learning outcomes-based
qualification systems and the greater validation of skills and competences
acquired in non-formal and informal contexts …”
http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/educ/119282.pdf
Council conclusions on promoting youth employment to achieve the
Europe 2020 objectives (2011) ”… implement policies at national,
regional and local level to increase the LM access and employability of
young people …”
http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/lsa/122831.pdf
EU policy and strategy documents on employability
Council conclusions on the modernisation of higher education (2011)
”… strengthen links between HE institutions, employers and LM
institutions to take greater account of LM needs in study programmes, to
improve match between skills and jobs, and to develop active LM policies
aimed at promoting graduate employment …”
http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/educ/126375.pdf
Council conclusions on the employability of graduates from education and training (2012) ”… contribution of education-training systems to
the employability of graduates could be made through career guidance
and counselling, stronger links between education and training institutions and relevant stakeholders, the alignment of curricula with LM needs,
strengthening entrepreneurship education (etc.) … attention should be
paid to the employability of young people with special needs on the LM …”
http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/educ/130142.pdf
Theoretical definition – employability
• Labour market policies
• Economic strategies
• In individual level – how to find employment
In this presentation:
• Holistic framework: individual factors, personal
circumstances and external factors (McQuaid and
Lindsay 2005)
 Transitions
 Life course – life space
COUNSELLING PROCESS (Helena Kasurinen, 2012)
ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT OF
THE CLIENT
START
READINESS
NEEDS
LIFE SPACE
PROCESS
METHODS ACTIVITIES
GOALS
TIMETABLE
FINISHING
PLAN COMMITMENT
ASSESSMENT
ACTION
FOLLOW-UP
CAREER COUNSELLING AND EMPLOYABILITY
Individual factors
Contextual factors
Readiness
Helena Kasurinen, 2012
External factors
- self-esteem
Life situation
National level
- self-efficacy
- personal relationships
- publicly funded services
- motivation
- responsibilities from others
(children, parents, etc.)
- labour markets
- other influencing factors
(cultural background)
- educational and employment
policy
- career management skills
- general life management skills
- self assessment skills
- economic trends
- employment
Skills and knowledge
- hobbies
- education
- work experience
Regional and local level
- work life skills and knowledge
Living circumstances
- information, advice and
career guidance services
- indwelling
- services (child care etc.)
- transportation – to work or
school
- business opportunities
- resources
- lifelong learning
opportunities in the region
- general skills
Personal features
- values and attitudes
- health
- social background
- personality
- employment
EU benchmark on graduate employability
By 2020, the share of employed
graduates* (20-34 year olds) having
left education and training no more
than three years before the reference
year should be at least 82%** (as
compared to 76,5 % in 2010).
*) Graduates with upper secondary (ISCED
3), post-secondary, non tertiary (ISCED 4),
and tertiary education attainment (ISCED 5-6)
**)The target level refers to an EU average
and does not constitute a national target for
individual member states.
Importance of skills for employers in recruiting graduates
European Commission, 2010. Employers´perception of graduate employability http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl_304_en.pdf
Council Resolution on better integrating lifelong
guidance into lifelong learning strategies (2008)
Citizens' lives are increasingly characterised by
multiple transitions: notably from school to
vocational education and training (VET), higher
education or employment, or from employment to
unemployment, further training or departure from the
labour market.
Guidance plays a decisive role in the major
decisions that individuals have to take throughout
their lives. It can contribute to empowering
individuals to manage their own career paths in a
more secure way in the context of today's labour
market, and to achieve a better balance between
their personal and professional lives.
http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/educ/104236.pdf
Mr Mika Launikari
CIMO/Euroguidance Finland
P.O.Box 343
FI-00531 HELSINKI
Tel. +358-295-338570
Email [email protected]