Transcript Slide 1

Overview of the GMES
Space Component Programme
Pierre Potin
GMES Space Office
Directorate of Earth Observation programmes
European Space Agency
7ièmes Journées Scientifiques et Techniques CETMEF
Paris, 8-10 December 2008
Goal of GMES
GMES aims at developing
operational services,
… following the example of
meteorology…
… but for other domains such as emergency & risk
management, air quality monitoring, land
monitoring, ocean / sea & ice monitoring, etc.
Science needed to create and continuously
improve operational services
GMES: Some key milestones
1998
Initiation of GMES, Baveno Manifesto
2000
Gothenburg EU Summit “establish by 2008 an operational
European capacity for … GMES”
2001+
Investments by ESA and EC on services
2005
EU initiates “Fast-track” services; GMES becomes ‘flagship’
ESA C-MIN in Berlin funds Phase-1 of GSC programme
2007
ESA Phase-2 approved
2008
EC-ESA agreement on GMES signed
EC Fast-Track services to become operational
ESA C-MIN in November - GSC Segment-2 adopted
2011+
Launch of first GMES Sentinels
GMES components
Services Component
•
Produces information services in response to European
policy priorities in environment and security
•
Relies on data from in-situ and space component
In-situ component
•
Mostly of national responsibility, with coordination at
European level (EEA)
Space Component
•
EO missions developed specifically for GMES (Sentinels)
•
EO missions built for purposes other than GMES but offering
part of their capacity to GMES (EU/ESA MSs, EUMETSAT,
commercial, international)
GMES overall view
OBSERVATION
INFRASTRUCTURE
Users
XXX..
Emergency
Atmosphere
Farming
ICZM
Air quality
DOWNSTREAM
SERVICES
In Situ
Infrastructure
Marine
Land
Added Value Chain
CORE
SERVICES
Space Infrastructure
ESA funded GMES services
100 M€ by
ESA MS
Period 20032008 (2009)
400+ user
organisations
EC has
invested
another 100
M€
GSE Users : Legally Mandated Organizations
in 35
400+
40 Countries
Food Security
International: 40
National: 146
Regional: 76
Local: 65
Private: 8
Hum anitarian Aid
Maritim e Security
Atm osphere
Forest Monitoring
Polar & Sea Ice
Land Motion
Marine & Coastal
Fire & Flood Risk
Soil, Water & Urban
0
International
20
National
40
60
Regional
Local
80
Private
100
Transition from (ESA) GSE to (EC) Fast Track Services
Polar view
Food Security
Terrafirma
Risk EOS
Marcoast
Land
Forest
Respond
Promote
GSE Extension
Maritime security (consolidation)
Marine Core
Land Core
Emergency Core
Atmosphere Pilot
Security Pilot
FT Downstream 1
FT Downstream 2
FT Downstream 3
FT Downstream 4
FT Downstream 5
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
ENVISAT: building
up GMES services
Arctic 2007
Bam earthquake
Tectonic uplift
(Andaman)
~2200
scientific
projects
First images
Hurricane
Katrina
+ several GMES
pre-operational
projects
Global air
pollution
Ozone hole 2003
B-15A
iceberg
Chlorophyll
concentration
Prestige tanker
oil slick
Launch
CO2 map
Mar 02 Sep 02
Dec 02
R&D
Nov 03
Dec 03
Envisat
Symposium
Envisat
Symposium
Salzburg (A)
Montreux (CH)
Sep 04
Sep 05
Dec 05
Mar 06
May 06
Apr 07
Operations
Dec 07
The GMES Space Component
programme
Role of ESA in GMES: Space Council Resolution
• Development and procurement Agency for dedicated
space infrastructure
 Development of first spacecraft and Ground
Segment, procurement of recurrent elements
• Coordinator of the overall GMES Space Component
 Definition of overall GSC architecture and plan for
future evolutions, organisation of the access to GMES
Contributing Missions and operation of Sentinels
• ESA is expected to act as interim operator of Sentinel1, -2 and Sentinel-3 (land)
EUMETSAT is the proposed operator of Sentinel-3
(Marine), Sentinel-4 and -5
From EU policies to Sentinels: Traceability of requirements
GMES dedicated missions: Sentinels
Sentinel 1 – SAR imaging
All weather, day/night applications, interferometry
Sentinel 2 – Multispectral imaging
Land applications: urban, forest, agriculture, etc
Continuity of Landsat, SPOT data
2011
2012
Sentinel 3 – Ocean and global land monitoring
Wide-swath ocean color, vegetation, sea/land surface
temperature, altimetry
2012
Sentinel 4 – Geostationary atmospheric
Atmospheric composition monitoring, trans-boundary
pollution
Sentinel 5 – Low-orbit atmospheric
Atmospheric composition monitoring
2019+
2017+
Sentinel-1
Sentinel-1:
C-band
SAR mission
Applications:
• monitoring sea ice zones and the arctic environment
• surveillance of marine environment
• monitoring land surface motion risks
• mapping in support of humanitarian aid in crisis
situations
4 nominal operation modes:
• strip map (80 km swath, 5X5 m res.)
• interferometric wide swath (250 km swath, 20X5 m
res.)
• extra wide swath (400 km swath, 25X100 m res.)
• Wave (5X20 m res.)
2300 Kg spacecraft mass
Sun synchronous orbit at 693 Km mean altitude
12 days repeat cycle
7 years design life time, consumables for 12 years
Sentinel-2
Sentinel-2:
Superspectral
imaging mission
Applications:
• Generic land cover maps
• risk mapping and fast images for disaster relief
• generation of leaf coverage, leaf chlorophyll
content and leaf water content
Pushbroom filter based multi spectral imager with
13 spectral bands (VNIR & SWIR)
Spatial resolution: 10, 20 and 60 m
Field of view: 290 km
1098 kg spacecraft mass
10 days repeat cycle
Sun synchronous orbit at 786 km mean altitude
7 years design life time, consumables for 12 years
Sentinel-3
Sentinel-3:
ocean & global
land mission
Applications:
• Sea/land colour data and surface
temperature
• sea surface and land ice
topography
• coastal zones, inland water and sea
ice topography
• vegetation products
1198 kg spacecraft mass
Sun synchronous orbit at 814.5 km
mean altitude over geoid
27 days repeat cycle
7 years design life time, consumables
for 12 years
Sentinel-3
Instruments:
• Ocean and Land Colour Instrument
(OLCI) with 5 cameras, 8 bands (only
VIS) for open ocean (low res), 15
bands (only VIS) for coastal zones
(high res). Spatial sampling: 300m @
SSP
• Sea and Land Surface Temperature
(SLST) with 9 spectral bands, 0.5 (VIS,
SWIR) to 1 km res (MWIR, TIR). Swath:
180rpm dual view scan, nadir &
backwards
• RA package
SRAL Ku-C altimeter (LRM and SAR
measurement modes), MWR, POD
(with Laser Retro Reflector, GNSS and
DORIS)
Sentinel-4
Sentinel-4:
GEO
atmospheric
mission
Applications:
• monitoring changes in the atmospheric
composition (e.g. ozone, NO2, SO2, BrO,
formaldehyde and aerosol) at high
temporal resolution
• tropospheric variability
Narrow field spectrometer covering UV (290400 nm), visible (400-500 nm) and near-IR
(750-775 nm) bands
Spatial sampling 5-50 km and spectral
resolution between 0.06 nm and 1 nm
(depending on band)
Geostationary orbit, at 0o longitude
Embarked on MTG-S and operated by
EUMETSAT
Sentinel-5
Sentinel-5:
LEO
atmospheric
mission
Applications:
• monitoring changes in the atmospheric
composition (e.g. ozone, NO2, SO2, BrO,
formaldehyde and aerosol) at high
temporal (daily) resolution
• tropospheric variability
Wide-swath pushbroom spectrometer suite,
covering UV (270-400 nm), visible (400-500
& 710-750 nm), NIR (750-775 nm) and SWIR
(2305-2385 nm) bands.
Spatial sampling 5-50 km and spectral
resolution between 0.05 nm and 1 nm
(depending on band)
Low Earth orbit (reference altitude of about
817 km)
Sentinel-5 precursor to fill data gaps (20132019). Sentinel-5 embarked on post-EPS
and operated by EUMETSAT
Potential Contributing Missions to GSC
National, Eumetsat and Third Party Missions
for GMES (list not exhaustive that will evolve
based on services requirements)
Jason
Terrasar-X
SPOT
Rapideye
Pléiades
DMCs
CosmoSkymed
METOP
+ Seosat, Tandem-X, Enmap, Venμs, Altika, etc.
Radarsat
MSG
Example: missions relevant to marine applications
SAR Missions
Principal Owner
ERS-2 (C-Band)
ENVISAT ASAR (C-Band)
Sentinel-1 A
Sentinel-1 B, C, D
Radarsat-2 (C-Band)
TerraSar-X (X-Band)
TerraSar-X -2 (X-Band)
Tandem-X (X-Band)
Cosmo-SkyMed (X-Band) - S/C 1
Cosmo-SkyMed (X-Band) - S/C 2, 3, 4
Cosmo-SkyMed 2nd Gen. (X-Band)
RadarSat-Constellation (C-Band)
ESA
ESA
ESA
ESA
MDA
DLR
DLR
DLR
ASI
ASI
ASI
CSA
Missions for SST
Principal Owner
ERS-2 (ATSR-2)
ENVISAT (AATSR)
Sentinel-3 A (SLST)
Sentinel-3 B, C, D (SLST)
MSG (SEVIRI) - 4 S/C
METOP (AVHRR-3)
MTG
Post-EPS
ESA
ESA
ESA
ESA
EUMETSAT
EUMETSAT
EUMETSAT
EUMETSAT
Missions for Ocean Colour
Principal Owner
ENVISAT (MERIS)
Sentinel-3 A (OLCI)
Sentinel-3 B, C, D (OLCI)
ESA
ESA
ESA
Altimetry Missions
Principal Owner
ERS-2 (RA)
ENVISAT (RA-2)
CryoSat-2
Sentinel-3 A (RA)
Sentinel-3 B, C, D (RA)
JASON-1
JASON-2
JASON-3
Oceansat-3 / AltiKa
ESA
ESA
ESA
ESA
ESA
CNES-NASA
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
CNES-EUM-NASA-NOAA
ISRO/CNES
In orbit
Approved
Planned
GMES Ground Segment and Data Access
Sentinel-3
GMES Space Component Phasing
ESA Prep.
Programme
ESA Segment 1
ESA Segment 2
EU Pre-Ops
EU Operational programme
2004
2006
2009
2011
23
2013 2014
2017
2023
Build-up Phase towards an Operational System
 Sentinel 1A, Phase B2/C/D/E1
• Segment 1
Approved
 Sentinel 2A, Phase B2/C/D/E1
 Sentinel 3A, Phase B2/C/D/E1
 Ground Segment Developments
 Data Access
 Coordination and Studies
 Development of Sentinel 1B, 2B, 3B up to flight readiness
 Sentinel 4 (MTG-S): Phase B/C/D incl. processor & 2nd unit
• Segment 2
C-MIN 08
Approved
 Sentinel 5 (Post-EPS): Phase B1 & pre-development
 Sentinel 5 Precursor (UV-NIR instrument provided by NL)
 Data Access (management, operations & data procurement)
 Ground segment activities related to Sentinel 1B, 2B, 3B
 GSC Evolution Studies
 Studies on low-inclination altimetry (Jason follow-on)
GMES Space Component implementation schedule
GMES Space Component funding aspects
1. Build-up phase
development of first generation of Sentinels, data access to
MS/EUM missions, ground segment, early operations: ~ 2.4 bn€
Financing – ESA GSC programme
 758 M€
Segment 1 (2005, 2007)
 831 M€
Segment 2 (2008)
Financing – EC FP7
 600 M€
FP7 Space (2007-2013)
Additional funding is required in ~2011 to complete build-up
2. Operational Programme
development of recurrent Sentinel satellites, operational access to
Member State / Eumetsat missions, GSC routine operations, evolution of
GSC: ~ 500 M€/year (2008 e.c.), to be consolidated
Operational elements expected to be funded by EC while R&D elements
by ESA
GMES: Socio-economic benefits
Total benefits up to 2025:
Cat.1 (Efficiency
benefits):
2786 M€
Efficiency Savings
2786
Air Quality
4,167
Marine
Cat.2 (European
policy
formulation
benefits):
3,622
Flooding
2,584
Conflict Resolution
2,202
Humanitarian Aid
892
Seismic Application
520
Forest Fires
14582 M€
278
‘Other’ risk & Civil Security Appl.
254
Forest Ecosystems (EU)
Cat. 3 (Global
action benefits):
17298 M€
63
Climate Change - Adaptation
14,010
Deforestation - Climate
2,488
Desertification
615
Desertification - Ecosystem
185
0
5,000
10,000
€m, 2005 prices
Source: PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) study 2005-2006
15,000
GSC next programmatic steps
• Sign EC-ESA Agreement for Segment 2
(following successful ESA CMIN)
• Establish the GMES/GSC Governance, for
build-up and operational programme
• Consolidate the GSC Long Term Scenario
• Obtain operational funding, required for
2011-2013 and after 2014