Transcript April Stanton - Earth Resource Foundation

Welcome to the
Presented by:
Biogreen
Organic
Solutions
Food Waste
Every day in restaurants, cafes, buffets, cafeterias and
supermarkets, hundreds of pounds of food is discarded.
This adds up to thousands of pounds of
food waste in the trash making
businesses pay to take it all away.
All this collected waste ends up as millions of tons of
compostable organic waste being dumped in the landfill
every day. This creates problems with the production of
leachate which can contaminate groundwater and methane
that pollutes the air.
Organic Waste Sources
Yard Trimmings
Rubber, Leather &
Textiles
Other
Glass
Paper and Paperboard
Plastics
Wood
Metals
Food Scraps
Metals
Glass
Paper and
Paperboard
Yard Trimmings
Rubber, Leather & Textiles
Other
Food Scraps
Wood
Plastics
Food Waste
 Is the third largest component of generated waste by weight. Because of its low composting
rate, it is the largest component of discarded waste by weight.
Organic Waste Sources
Commercial Businesses That Generate Food Wastes
Food Stores
Restaurants
Food Stores - 13%
Residential - 30%
Hotels - 16%
Hospitals - 1.2%
Restaurants - 28%
Hospitals
Hotels
Residential
Food Waste Problems
 Waste Haulers must add additional trucks to their current
fleet to keep organic wastes separated from other solid
wastes.
 Waste Haulers will be required to provide additional
containers to segregate the waste.
 The additional trucks required to service segregated waste
streams will increase fuel consumption and CO2
emissions.
 Production of foul odors.
 Vector control problem for animals, birds and insects.
 Stored waste can become a breeding ground for
pathogens and bacteria.
 Improperly stored waste can generate leachate that can be
unsightly and can cause a cross contamination risk over a
wide area.
 Short term storage only (several days). Bins must be
picked up several times a week or even daily.
 Being mostly water, food is one of the heaviest wastes
making it the costliest to transport and dispose of.
Disposal
 Currently there is no perfect method of dealing with food waste. Each solution generates its own
unique problems.
 Transporting and disposal of food waste is one of the highest costs associated with solid
wastes.
 The most accepted and available method of waste diversion is composting.
 While sending organic waste to a composter is an excellent means of dealing with organic
waste, this method does not eliminate many of the associated problems. It basically shifts them
from the food waste generator and moves them somewhere else.
 Composting companies are working hard to make their process more efficient and eliminate
many of the associated problems.
 New technology is being developed to process food waste at the source.
 By treating food waste at the source, many of the food waste handling and storage issues are
reduced or eliminated.
 This new technology also greatly reduces or eliminates food waste disposal transportation costs
for the customer.
 Using a combination of new and existing technology may allow realistic sustainability goals to
be met.
Standard Disposal Costs






2009
Northeast
Midwest
Southeast
Western
Pacific
US Average
Average Tip / Disposal Fees by Region
Per/ton
2010
2011
2012
$69.0
71.8
74.3
76.9
$41.1
42.6
43.8
45.2
$41.3
42.9
44.4
46.0
$27.3
28.0
28.5
29.1
$46.1
48.0
49.7
51.4
$42.7
44.3
45.7
47.1
2013
79.6
46.5
47.6
29.7
53.2
48.6
Source: Waste Business Journal Waste Market Overview and Outlook pg 106
Disposal Options – Composting
Pros:

Currently one of the most widely accepted and available
means of processing organic waste into a stable, usable
product.

Naturally occurring Aerobic and Anaerobic bacteria are used
to convert organic waste into compost.

All organic waste can be thrown into a single container and
hauled to a central location for processing.

Processing of waste is simple and effective.
Cons:

Commercial composting requires 90-120 days to
process waste into a usable product.

Composting requires a large area to continuously
receive and process organic waste.

Food waste composting can be a vector problem for
animals, birds and insects.

Potential problems with groundwater contamination
from leachate.

Hauling costs of food waste is one of the highest by
weight of all solid wastes.
Disposal Options – Dehydration
Pros:
 Dehydrators are automated and simple to use.
 Food waste is dehydrated reducing its volume by 50-70%.
 Unit does not require additional plumbing for water or drains.
 No venting required. Air is discharged into the room.
Cons:
 Processed waste remains subject to re-hydration and
can produce foul odors should this happen.
 Dehydrated waste remains a vector issue for vermin.
 Units typically can only handle several hundred
pounds per batch.
 A single batch can take 24 hours to complete.
Disposal Options – Liquefication
Pros:
 Liquefiers are automated and simple to use.
 Units can handle large volumes of waste per batch. Up to 2,400 lbs.
 Food waste is liquefied to a sludge using bacteria, reducing its
volume by 60-70%.
 Sludge is then pumped to a nearby drain.
 Initially these units were very successful.
Cons:
 Wood chips or other bulking agents as well as bacteria need
to be added each batch to operate.
 A single batch can take 24 hours to complete.
 Machines require additional plumbing for water and drainage.
 Many municipalities have banned the machines due to
overloading waste treatment facilities with BOD*.
or Biochemical Oxygen Demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break
* B.O.D
down organic material present in a given water sample at a certain temperature over a specific time period.
The Biogreen 360
 The BioGreen 360™ is a totally self-contained, continual feed,
organic waste disposal system than uses aerobic digestion to
convert food waste into a sludge and then dries it.
 A single inoculation of bacteria will continuously digest waste for a
year.
 Reduces organic waste to 70-90% of its original weight in 24
hours with varied types of food waste.
 Waste can be continuously fed into unit.
 Drying process kills seeds, bacteria and pathogens. The
processed waste is classified as Biosafety Level 1 (determined
safe for human and animal contact.)
 Easy installation (no water supply or additional plumbing).
 No solids or waste by-products sent into sewer system.
 Eliminates on-sight organic waste storage, avoiding odor and pest
issues.
 Cost effective (Decreases hauls & disposal).
 Increases waste diversion / higher recycling rates.
 Reduces carbon footprint and impact on landfill capacity.
 No soil or ground water contamination.
 Quiet, clean, efficient.
Aerobic Digestion
Aerobic digestion is a biological process in which oxygen loving microorganisms are used to consume organic
matter and convert it into stable solids, carbon dioxide and more organisms. Aerobic microorganisms, like all
living things, require three things to live and grow. They need Food, Water and Oxygen.
Food
=
Water
Oxygen
As these microorganisms eat and grow
they produce more and more
microorganisms who also eat and grow
and produce even more offspring.
By optimizing the environment through agitation and temperature control, digestion of organic waste is greatly
accelerated allowing large volumes to be processed in a short period of time. Aerobic digestion alone can reduce
food waste by as much as 50-60% by volume.
BioGreen 360 Basics
Food Waste goes in
The “BioGreen 360™”
rapidly decomposes the
organic waste into a wet
sludge. This digested
sludge is then dried into
at 212-300 degrees
Farenheit into a dry,
crumbly, soil like
substance.
Any Organic waste consisting of vegetable or fruit
scraps, raw and cooked meats, fish, poultry and dairy
products are fed into the machine.
Clean Compostable
material comes out!
Food Waste Decomposition Process
Food Waste Decomposition Process
A look inside an operating digester shows it
macerating and digesting organic waste. After
digestion, the organic waste is subjected to a
temperature of 212-300 degrees Fahrenheit.
This effectively kills all pathogens and bacteria,
even seeds. The process is completed in 24
hours.
The finished product has been reduced by
70-90% and can be considered a bio-sterile
mass. It is 70-90% dry and shelf stable
allowing it to be stored for several months.
Digested Waste Uses – Initial Testing
Laboratory testing has found the dried digested waste to contain
measurable amounts of Potassium, Phosphorous and Nitrogen with a pH
of 4.13. The waste also has a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 10.9 to 1.
Potential uses for the Digested Waste are:
 Compost
 Animal Feed
 Vermicomposting
Digested Waste Uses
Reduction of food waste into the landfills and dramatically reducing hauling costs was our first
step in meeting new sustainability standards. But we are now looking to further close the
sustainability loop and make the Biogreen 360 truly a means toward reduce, reuse and refeed.
Food
Waste
Digester
Hauler
Landfill
Current Method of Digested Waste Disposal
Composting
Food
Waste
Digester
Hauler
Animal Feed
Proposed Method of Digested Waste Disposal
Vermicomposting
Digested Waste Uses – Initial Testing
Initial testing found that the dried digested waste has potential for use as a pet
food amendment. Dogs and cats readily eat the digest and consider it as a
“treat”.
While visiting Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, considerable interest was shown in our
waste product and impromptu testing was done by agriculture students.
Samples were given to pigs at the swine unit who readily ate the product.
Several samples were added to Vermicomposting bins. The worms consumed
the first sample overnight. A second sample was added along with other organic
wastes and the worms consumed our sample first before moving to the other
wastes.
Additional testing is being done in conjunction with the San Diego
Zoo to determine if our digester will be able to digest their parks
tableware.
Digested Waste Uses – Official Study
Biogreen Organic Solutions is sponsoring a scientific study with Cal Poly
Pomona to test the dried digested waste as an animal feed supplement. This
testing will determine the food value of the waste product using swine. The
study will take approximately 6-9 months to complete.
During the study, the pigs will be monitored by students, staff and
veterinarians who will track health, growth rate and feeding habits.
At the end of the study the pigs will be weighed, sized and inspected to
determine which group gained the most weight and size and at what
amount of food waste.
If successful, the study could help to change the focus on how food
waste will be handled and disposed of.
Biogreen 360 Customers
New Hampshire Federal Bureau
of Prisons
Tower City Center
Ohio
One Financial
Center Boston
Thank You…
For Questions please contact:
MPE Services, Inc.
3030 Armstrongs Dr.
Corona, CA 92881
Tel: (951) 735-4418
George Bennett
Tel: (951) 735-4418
email: [email protected]
Biogreen Organic Solutions
298 N. Smith Ave.
Corona, CA 92880
Tel: (951) 735-4418
Joseph Cartwright
Tel: (951) 254-3194
email: [email protected]
April Stanton
Tel: (626) 277-9111
email: [email protected]