DEVIANCE IN SPORT
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Transcript DEVIANCE IN SPORT
DEVIANCE IN SPORT
5TH NOVEMBER 2012
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• KNOW THE DEFINITIONS OF DEVIANCE, SPORTSMANSHIP
AND GAMESMANSHIP
• UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
SPORTSMANSHIP AND GAMESMANSHIP
• BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN, WITH EXAMPLES, THE DIFFERENT
TYPES OF PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS AVAILABLE
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Deviance
• Deviance within the context of sport refers
to behaviour outside the norm, outside
what is acceptable.
• If boundaries change then so too does the
division between deviant and non deviant
behaviour.
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Sportsmanship
• Sportsmanship refers to;
– playing fair
– following the rules of the game
– respecting the judgment of referees and officials
– treating opponents with respect
• Identify current sports or sports people who
could be described as ambassadors of the
concept of sportsmanship.
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Gamesmanship
Gamesmanship involves playing to win, it is
not considered as cheating by those who
are involved, rather as “bending the rules”.
– Distracting opponents
– Intimidating opponents and officials
– Convincing officials that something has
taken place
- WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPORTSMANSHIP AND
GAMESMANSHIP?
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Performance Enhancing Drugs.
Within the context of Sport PED’s refer
to;
Substances that are illegal and are
taken with the design or intention of
enhancing the performance of an
athlete.
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Physiological benefits of taking PED’s
Performance enhancing drugs may be used
for a number of physiological benefits reasons;
• pain relief and management,
• building muscle,
• Stimulants,
• reducing weight,
• lowering stress,
• improving oxygen carrying capacities
• hiding other drugs (Masking agents).
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Physiological benefits of taking PED’s
Performance enhancing drugs may be used
for a number of physiological benefits reasons;
•pain relief and management,
•Anabolic steroids
•pethidine
•building muscle,
•Beta Blockers
•Testosterone
•Increase alertness
•EPO
•rhEPO
•reducing weight,
•Narcotic analgesics
•Adrafinil
•lowering stress,
•Diuretics
•improving oxygen carrying
•Stimulants,
capacities
•hiding other drugs (Masking
agents).
•Epitestosterone
•Acebutolol
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
WADA
• The World Anti Doping Agency (WADA) was formed
following the collapse of the Tour de France in 1998
• The IOC organised a World Conference on Doping
which brought together all groups involved in the
fight against doping.
• The conference produced the Lausanne Declaration
on Doping in Sport.
• WADA was established in 1999 with the brief of
promoting and coordinating the fight against doping
in international sport.
• http://www.wada-ama.org/en/AboutWADA/History/A-Brief-History-of-Anti-Doping/
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
What authority does WADA have?
• The main strength behind WADA comes from
the fact that;
– it was set up under an IOC initiative
– it had the support and participation of
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intergovernmental organizations,
governments,
public authorities,
and other public and private bodies fighting against
doping in sport.
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
How does WADA attempt to combat
doping?
WADA's primary activities against doping
in sport are focused with;
• Anti-doping coordination
• Anti-doping development
• Education
• Athlete outreach
• Out-of-competition testing
LANCE ARMSTRONG
• FROM SPORTING GREAT TO SPORTING JOKE
• WHAT ARE THE “ALLEGATIONS?”
• http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/cycling/
lancearmstrong/9600577/Lance-Armstrong-wasringleader-of-biggest-doping-conspiracy-in-sportinghistory-say-USADA.html
• WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS FOR
SPORT MOVING FORWARD?
• WHAT IMPACT DOES IT HAVE ON THE POPULARITY OF
SPORT?
The Development of Competitive Sport
Deviance in Sport
Future Developments
Genetic engineering involves the manipulation of the
genes or genetic make up.
Genetic engineering can be used to;
• manipulate drugs to suit an athletes genetic composition
• use genetic mapping to identify sporting talent
• modify an athletes genetic composition to improve
performance
• modify the cells of a newly fertilised egg to produce
'super' athletes
As yet genetic engineering can not be detected
HOMEWORK
• DUE MONDAY 12TH NOVEMBER
• RESEARCH 5 ATHLETES WHO HAVE BEEN GUILTY
OF TAKING PERFORMANCE ENHANCING DRUGS
• FIND OUT WHAT THEY TOOK, THE EFFECT ON
THEIR PERFORMANCE, AND THE LENGTH OF BAN
THEY RECEIVED
• CHECK OUT THE WADA WEBSITE (www.wadaama.org)
• EXPLAIN THEIR ROLE IN THE WORLD OF SPORT