Transcript hybrid electric vehicle
National Fire Protection Association
Electric Vehicle Safety for Emergency Responders
Copyright ©2011 National Fire Protection Association. Single copies may be made for specific non-profit educational uses with permission. No commercial or mass distribution allowed.
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NFPA
ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS Module I :
INTRODUCTION
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NFPA
ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS
Course Goal
To prepare first responders to be able to operate safely at incidents involving hybrid electric (HEV), plug in hybrid electric (PHEV) and electric vehicles (EV).
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NFPA
ELECTRIC VEHICLE SAFETY FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS
Course Modules
Module I:
Introduction
Module II:
Basic Electrical Concepts and Hazards
Module III:
Vehicle Systems and Safety Features
Module IV:
Initial Response: Identify, Immobilize and Disable
Module V:
Emergency Operations
Module VI:
Conclusion 1-4
Why is this course important to you as an emergency responder?
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How familiar are you with hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles?
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Module 1 Objectives Terminal Objective Differentiate between myths and reality. Enabling Objectives
● Define HEV (hybrid electric vehicle),
PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) and EV (electric vehicle).
● List common myths related to EV safety. ● List two (2) actual safety concerns.
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Hybrid and Electric Vehicles are just another fad…
Myth or Reality?
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● HEV/EVs are growing in popularity. ● They are proven reliable. ● Goal is 1 million EVs on the road by 2015.
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles are just another fad…
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Hybrid and electric vehicles may move unexpectedly at an emergency scene.
Myth or Reality?
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● Unexpected movement is always a
concern with electric and conventional vehicles.
Hybrid and electric vehicles may move unexpectedly at an emergency scene.
engine noise, but could move silently without warning on their own power.
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At first glance, it may be difficult to distinguish between a conventional vehicle and a hybrid or electric vehicle of the same model.
Myth or Reality?
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● Most look like conventionally
powered models.
At first glance, it may be difficult to distinguish between a conventional vehicle and a hybrid or electric vehicle of the same model.
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Special equipment is needed for hybrid and electric vehicle fires.
Myth or Reality?
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Typical fire fighting equipment Special equipment is needed for hybrid these vehicles, but you may need to adjust your tactics.
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Extrication from these vehicles will be greatly hampered by high voltage cabling.
Myth or Reality?
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● High voltage cabling generally will
NOT impede operations.
Extrication from these vehicles will be greatly hampered by high voltage cabling.
cut points.
● Commonly runs under floor.
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Batteries will leak a significant amount of electrolyte if damaged or breached.
Myth or Reality?
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● Batteries are in protective cases. ● If case is breached, batteries will NOT leak
a significant amount of electrolyte.
● NiMH and Li-Ion are dry cell batteries, and
may produce a few drops per cell if crushed.
Batteries will leak a significant amount of electrolyte if damaged or breached.
not be confused with electrolyte.
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Electrocution is likely from touching a hybrid or electric vehicle involved in a crash or submerged in water.
Myth or Reality?
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● The high voltage systems are designed
to prevent electrical hazards after a crash.
● High voltage systems are isolated from
the vehicle chassis.
vehicle involved in a crash or submerged in water.
Despite safety features, the potential hazards of the high voltage systems require use of correct procedures.
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Video
Prepare To Respond Preview
Myths versus Realities
● There are many myths about the risks
posed by hybrid and electric vehicles.
● The reality is that there are numerous
safety systems to protect responders.
● As always, the key to your safety is
proper training.
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Definitions
HEV
Hybrid Electric Vehicle
A vehicle that has both an internal combustion engine (ICE) and electric motor(s).
PHEV
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle
A vehicle that has both an ICE and electric motors, and can recharge its batteries to full charge from an external electric power source.
EV
Electric Vehicle
A vehicle which uses only electric motor(s) for propulsion.
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History of EVs and HEVs 1832 to 1839 First crude electric vehicles.
1889 Porsche builds first hybrid.
1900 1974 1997 to 2000 23% of all cars manufactured were electric.
Prototype hybrid Buick Skylark.
GM built a few thousand electric vehicles for lease. Program cancelled in 2003.
2006 Tesla Roadster released.
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5000%
Growth in HEV Sales in 9 Years
5,000 2000 Over 250,000 2009 1-26
Percentage of 2010 Hybrid Sales by Model All others (20 models) Ford Escape Ford Fusion Lexus HS 250h Lexus RX450h Toyota Prius Honda CRZ Honda Civic Honda Insight Toyota Highlander Toyota Camry 1-27
Terminology
From this point on in the course, we will refer to all types of Hybrids and Plug-in Hybrids collectively as P/HEVs .
In some instances, they may need to be referenced separately, in which case, they will be referred to as Hybrid ( HEV ) or Plug-In Hybrid ( PHEV ) respectively.
Electric Vehicles will be referred to as EVs .
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Module Summary
● Overview of Course ● Myths versus Reality ● Definitions ● Timeline of P/HEVs and EVs ● Growth in Numbers
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