Transcript Aquaculture - Universitetet i Tromsø

FISKERIPOLITIKK I BEVEGELSE
Nordisk fiskerikonferanse
Universitetet i Tromsø, 23-24 oktober 2012
Gabriella Bianchi
Coordinator, Marine and Inland Fisheries
Service
FAO, Rome
The State of World Fisheries
and Aquaculture 2012
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
Major changes over last 15 years
Rising demand for fish & fishery products
Increase in global aquaculture production
Growth in world trade of fish & fishery products
Global call for responsible governance
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
World review
Global production
148.5 million tonnes total
Total value US$217.5 billion
Capture : 88.6 million tonnes


marine: 77.4 million
inland : 11.2 million
Aquaculture : 59.9 million tonnes
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
Fish as food
128 million tonnes
Record 18.4 kg/capita
47% from aquaculture
15% of animal protein for
4.3 billion people
180
inland
capture
160
140
120
Trends in global fish
production
inland
aquaculture
100
marine
aquaculture
80
marine capture
60
40
20
0
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
Marine Capture
1975
1980
Marine Aquaculture
1985
Inland Aquaculture
1990
1995
Inland Capture
2000
2005
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
World review
Marine capture fisheries
77.4 million tonnes
Variations in catch trends
27% from Northwest Pacific
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
S t a t e oareas
f W o r l d Fwith
i s h e r i estrong
s a n d A q ufluctuations
a c u l t u r e 2 0 1 2 in
Fishing
production
30
25
Pacific, Northwest
Pacific, Southeast
4.5
4.0
3.5
20
3.0
2.5
15
2.0
10
1.5
1.0
5
0.5
0
0.0
Atlantic, Eastern Central
Pacific, Northeast
Pacific, Eastern Central
Atlantic, Southwest
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
Fishing areas with decreasing trends in
production
Fishing areas with increasing trends in
production
12
Pacific, Western Central
Indian Ocean, Eastern
10
Indian Ocean, Western
8
6
4
2
0
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Exploitation status by Fishing Area
31
34
47
41
37
27
51
87
57
21
61
48,58&88
71
81
67
77
0%
20%
Non-fully exploited
40%
60%
Fully exploited
80%
Overexploited
100%
Global
S t a ttrends
e o f inWthe
o rstate
l d Fofi sworld
h e r imarine
e s a nstocks
d A qsince
u a c1974
ulture 2012
80
70
Non-fully exploited
Percentage of stocks
assessed
Fully exploited
Overexploited
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1974
1979
1984
1989
1994
1999
2004
2009
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
World review
Inland fisheries
>11 million tonnes
Catch statistics poor
Resources vulnerable
to habitat degradation
Contribution to food & nutrition
security underestimated
S t a t e ocapture
f W o r l d fisheries
F i s h e r i e s aproduction
n d A q u a c u l t by
u r e region
2012
Inland
0
Asia
Africa
Americas
Europe
Oceania
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
World review
Aquaculture
Fastest-growing food sector
annual growth rate 8.8%
59.9 million tonnes in 2010
Value US$119 billion
Increasing % of fed species
S t a t eAquaculture
o f W o r l d production
F i s h e r i e sbya nregion
d A q(1000
u a c u ltonnes)
ture 2012
Oceania
Europe
Asia
Americas
Africa
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
Aquaculture production by region (1000 tonnes)
60000
Major aquaculture producers
0
China
India
Viet nam
Indonesia
Bangladesh
Thailand
Norway
Egypt
Myanmar
Philippines
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Fish supply
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
World Fish Production
100
Fish supply (mt)
90
80
Capture fisheries
70
60
50
40
Aquaculture
30
2010
(baseli
ne)
Aquaculture
59
123
Capture
fisheries
88
88
Total supply
147
211
% of
aquaculture:
40
58
Source: Estimation of FI
Department
20
10
1950
1960
Source: FAO FISHSTAT
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2030
(projection)
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
Bridging the supply-demand gaps
Aquaculture
growth rate during
2007-2030
Expected APR
(%)
World
Africa
Asia
Europe
L.A. & C.
Northern A.
Oceania
Source: Estimation of FI Department
4.0
7.2
4.0
3.1
4.4
0.4
2.6
Required APR
(%)
5.6
11.5
5.3
4.0
7.6
9.0
7.9
• If aquaculture production
follow the recent trend,
expected aquaculture
growth rate:
– 4.0 percent annually.
• To feed growing world
population, required
aquaculture growth rate:
– 5.6 percent annually.
Key challenges for aquaculture
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
 Land and water availability
 Feeds: availability of Fishmeal and Fish Oil
 Transfer of technology and knowledge to most needed nations




and regions
Minimizing aquaculture ecosystem impacts
Minimizing negative impacts on aquaculture; e.g. climate
change, industrial pollution
Improving biosecurity and health management
Improve financing and investment specially for small farmers
 Conducive policy
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
Main messages
• Demand for fish is increasing and will continue to do
so
• Capture fisheries can only increase its contribution by
strengthening governance to maximize natural
productivity
• Increased demand will have to be met mainly through
increased aquaculture production
• Aquaculture also requires good governance and a
change in species that are cultivated to aim at lower
trophic levels
State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2012
TAKK