Transcript DNA Review Questions

DNA Structure Questions
Question #1
What does A stand for?
 Adenine

Question #2
What three things make up a
nucleotide?
 1 sugar, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogen base

Question #3
Who is credited with the discovery of the
shape of DNA?
 Watson and Crick

Question #4
What is the basic structure of DNA
called? Hint-twisted ladder
 Double helix

Question #5
Complete the following diagram using
the base-pairing rule
 GTCGAC
 CAGCTG

Question #6
What does C stand for?
 Cytosine

Question #7
What does DNA stand for?
 Deoxyribose nucleic acid

Question #8
Are there any two people who have
exactly the same DNA?
 Yes, identical twins

Question #9
Why is DNA sometimes called the
fingerprint inside your body?
 Because no two peoples DNA is the
same (except twins) and no two peoples
fingerprints are the same

Question #10
What are the rails of the DNA strand
made up of?
 The sugar phosphate backbone is made
up of the sugar (deoxyribose) and
phosphate.

Question #11
What are the steps of the DNA strand
are called?
 Nitrogenous Bases

Question #12
In a DNA Strand A pairs with ____.
 T (thymine)

DNA Replication Questions
Question #13
Which enzyme is responsible for
unwinding a DNA strand for replication?
 DNA Helicase

Question #14
How does DNA Helicase unzip the
strand?
 It breaks the bonds (hydrogen) between
the two nitrogenous bases

Question #15
When does DNA Replication occur
during the cell cycle?
 S-phase of interphase

Question #16
Why is it necessary for DNA Replication
to occur?
 I will take either of the following:

 To preserve the genetic code between cells
 To prepare for mitosis or meiosis
Question #17
In DNA replications, how many new
double strands are made?
 One

Question #18
DNA Replication follows the Semiconservative model of replication, what
does this mean?
 It means that each strand is made up of
one old strand (parent) and one new
strand (daughter)

Question #19
In DNA Replication, which enzyme is
responsible for laying down the
complement bases?
 DNA Polymerase

Question #20
Write the DNA Replication complement
to this strand.
 ATCGCCGATC
 TAGCGGCTAG

Transcription
Question #21
What are the three types of RNA?
 mRNA , tRNA, rRNA

Question #22
What does tRNA transfer?
 Transfer RNA transfers amino acids.

Question #23
What does mRNA stand for?
 Messenger RNA

Question #24
What does rRNA stand for?
 Ribosomal RNA

Question #25
Where does transcription take place in
the cell?
 In the nucleus

Question #26
In transcription, which enzyme is
responsible for laying down
complimentary bases to the parent
strand?
 RNA Polymerase

Question #27
Illustrate the central dogma
 DNA RNA Proteins traits

Question #28
In RNA, A pairs with ____
 U (Uracil)

Question #29
In transcription, G pairs with ___
C

Question #30
What are the two products of one round
of transcription?
 On strand DNA, one strand RNA

Question #31
What is the name of the sugar found in
RNA?
 Ribose

Question #32
Is RNA double or single-stranded?
 Single Stranded

Translation
Question #33
What is made as a result of translation?
 Proteins

Question #34
How many bases make up a codon?
3

Question #35
What is the basic unit of proteins?
 Amino Acids

Question #36
How many codons does the following
tRNA strand have?
 AUGCCGGGCUUAGCGUGA

Question #37
What three bases make up a start
codon?
 AUG (needs to be in this order)

Question #38
Name all three stop codons.
 UAG, UAA, UGA

Question #39
In translation proteins are made from a
_____ template
 RNA

Question #40
Where does translation occur in the
cell?
 Ribosome

Bonus Question- Worth 30 pts.
Use the following to decode the tRNA
strand.
AUGGGCCUGUGA
 Met-Gly-Leu-Stop
