Transcript Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP

Ecodesign of EuP
2: labelling
Dedicated
Water Heaters
Boiler-Lot
& WH
and European
directive EuP
WD: Annex IV
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Directorate-general for Energy and Transport
Unit D3, Energy Efficiency
1
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Annex IV
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
Definitions
Data Report
Reference Conditions
Shared Parameters
Water Heating Model
Direct Testing Methods
Examples Direct Test Methods
Definition Smart Control
General Direct Method (void)
Items not covered
List of parameters
References
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Annex B: Data Report
ID &
Select waterload
Inputs
Direct Method
Inputs
Indirect Method
solar
waterload
Qfuel , Qelec
smart control
parameters
distribution
loss & WH
recovery
heat pump
back-up
Outputs
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
efficiency
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Test Methods WH [1]
“Waterload” (param. 11. self-declaration within limits Annex I WD)
defines appropriate test tapping cycle Table C4.
Direct Method: measures energy consumption during an appropriate
24h test tapping cycle. Qfuel and/or Qelec are a direct outcome. To be
used for all conventional WH, optional for most WH with renewables,
except with CO2 heat pump, where it is the only alternative. (based on
EN 13203-2, prEN 50440, EN 255-3, prEN 13203-3, EN 12975-2 &
industry proposals )
Indirect Method: Optional for WH with renewables. Measures relevant
parameters of components --collector, tank, HP, back up heater-- and
then derives the energy consumption with the chosen tapping cycle
through calculation (monthly calculation as EN 15316-4-2, EN 15316-43).
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ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Test Methods WH [2]
Why Indirect Method still needed?
For solar or HP assisted combi the only alternative  level playing field.
For some configurations no direct method (yet) defined.
Smart control (13.1): 10% bonus if WH complies with conditions in
Annex H
Waste Heat Recovery: %% determined by noisew [13.2], airintake
[7.1], boilpos[7.2], volumeb[7.3]. Lookup in Annex D. Absolute value of
envelope losses fossil-fuel WH determined by subtracting flue gas losses
from total. Flue gas losses from ηcomb [14.1], Tflue [14.2] and dpt
[6.2].
Distribution Losses: kWh/a determined by airintake [7.1] and
volumeb[7.3]. Look up table in Annex E.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Test Methods WH [3]
Why Distribution losses and WHR in EuP?
Avoids having to deal with it in EPB and/or specific legislation (DG ENV).
Validates and quantifies for designers directly and clearly the advantage
of certain design features like compactness, low noise, room sealed,
placement in/outdoors.
Exception: Centralized WH systems: See Annex III of WD. EuP just
takes into account distribution losses and WHR at the level of individual
dwellings. Extra losses for centralized systems have to be taken into
account in EPB. Methodology e.g. as indicated by ItG.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Load profiles water heating
55ºC
55ºC
(oC)
Kitchen tappings
Shower
Bath
Bath+shower (simult.)
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
40ºC
Qload in kWh/a
55ºC
35ºC
8x’M’
16x’M’
461
461
465
1285
2562
4187
5355
10277
20555
XXS
XS
S
M
L
XL
XXL
3XL
4XL
max.flow (l/min, 60ºC)
2
4
5
6
10
10
16
48
96
max.single tap (l)
2
6
10
27
69
84
119
239
477
Derived from prEN 50440 “electric storage” and EN 13203-2/3 “gas/solar
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Test Procedure Direct Method (except EIWH)
1. Define energy input(s)
2. Define general test conditions
3. Solar only (optional): Perform collector tests inputs solar collector
simulator
4. Define “zero load” stable condition of WH (check with test)
5. Perform tapping cycle:
a. Bring WH in stable zero load condition (check!) Or measure “zero load”
WH energy content (large draw-off TDHW = Tcold ±1)
b. Perform 24h tapping cycle, measure energy (elec and/or fossil), TDHW,
Flowrate, Tcold, time. Assess appropriate useful kWh per draw-off (±2%)
by repetitive tests and/or predict on-the-fly from preceding T-curve.
c. Return WH to stable zero load condition (check!) OR measure remaining
energy content (large draw-off)
6. Report energy use tapping cycle, corrected for possible deviations in
a. Energy input & test conditions
b. WH energy content before/after
c. Useful energy output (actual vs. required according to Table C4)
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Test Procedure Direct Method EIWH
EIWH (Electric Instantaneous Water Heater):
1. Energy input(s) and general test conditions as before
2. Derive tapping cycle energy use from measuring:
a. Static loss Ploss_max at steady-state max. load Pstatic_max.
(electricity in, electric power over heating element out) after 30 min. Of
operation.
b. For part load: determine static power Pstatic for each type of tapping
c. Start-up time tstart to reach useful water temperature for each tapping
(mean of at least 3 tests per tapping) at prescribed flow rate
3. Report energy use tapping cycle, assuming that
a. Ploss is linearly proportional to Pstatic and
b. Power consumption during tstart is equal to Pstatic for that specific
draw-off
Note 1: Does not apply to electric showers
Note 2: If EIWH has energy consumption in between tappings (standby energy)
>1% of 24h total, then this has to be added to fulfill the essential requirements
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Example “M” tapping profile’
(Qref= 5,845 kWh/d)
Tm=40°C
6 l/min
Tm=40°C
6 l/min
3,6 l/min
Tm=10 °C
55ºC
3,6 l/min
Tm=10 °C
55ºC
Tm=10 °C
40ºC
Unless indicated
otherwise Tm=25 °C
Flow 3 l./min
55ºC
= peak T 55 oC
Tm= minimum T before ‘useful
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Definition Energy Input: Conventional
gas
oil
Definition test gases in
Gas Appliances Directive (GAD) 90/396/EEC
1st family: G110-G150
2nd family: G20 – G 25 (15 °C, 1013,25 mbar)
3rd family: G30-G35
Heating gas oil: 0,86 C, 0,136 H, 0,002 S in kg/kg
Volumetric mass ρ15 at 15 °C: 0,85 kg/dm³
Net calorific value (NCV) Hi= 42,689 MJ/kg
Kerosene: 0,85 C, 0,141 H, 0,004 S in kg/kg
Density ρ15 at 15 °C: 0,79 kg/dm³
Net calorific value (NCV) Hi= 43,300 MJ/kg
N-fraction: between 70-200 mg/kg (for Nox correct to 140 mg/kg)
electric
Voltage 230 V ±1% (0,2% during 1 test),
50 Hz ±1%, power ±0,5%,
elapsed time ± 0,1 s
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Definition Energy Input: Solar
(Direct Method)
solar
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ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Definition Energy Input: Heat Pump
(Direct Method)
ambient
Outside air
10,5 °C ±1K/ ±0,3K/ ±0,2K
Exhaust air
20 °C (with cap)
Brine
2,5 °C ±0,5K/ ±0,2K/ ±0,1K
Water
11,5 °C ±0,5K/ ±0,2K/ ±0,1K
NOTE: first ± value is permissible deviation of individual test values from set values.
Second ± value is permissible deviation of arithmic mean of test values from set values
Third ± value is accuracy of measurement.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Definition test conditions
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tambient: 20 °C ±2K
Tcold water: 10 °C ±2K
Flow rate: ± 1% (max deviation from Table C4 values)
pressure cold water: 2-3 bar
Draft free (air speed <0,5 –1,5 m/s)
WH shielded from direct solar radiation
Test room with minimum distances WH to wall and floor
Rapid response thermometer Thot_water output
Flow meter accuracy ± 0,1 l/min
Elapsed time ± 0,1 s
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Example: Definition “zero load” condition storage
WH
X
Tstore
20
Stable
Zero
Load
(>12h)
24h tapping cycle
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
Stable
Zero
Load
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Indirect method: Solar
G >700W/m²
ia
tank
Lat or
45 °
4 (x4) Tsysreturn
test points
Curve fit (least square)
η0 , a1, a2
Extra test at
incidence angle
ia=50°  IAM
Measurement aperture
Asol
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Length Lpipesol
Loss Upipesol_m
Heat loss UA
Volume Vsol
Heat exch. Uasol
position solpos
Pump+CPU, etc.
solaux
General Method EN 15316-4-3
Component tests EN 12975-2, EN 12977
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Indirect method: Heat Pump
Tsnk
HP
tank
Ventmix Tsrc
4 test points, at least
2 Tsrc and 2 Tsnk
 Phpnom, COPnom +
matrix corr. factors
Extrapolation + Tsnkmax:
COP [Tsrc, Tsnk]
Php [Tsrc, Tsnk
Extra test 50% part load
 COP50
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Pump(s)/fan,
CPU, etc.
hpaux
Heat loss Pstbyhp
Capacity V40hp
Volume Vhp
General Method EN 15316-4-2
Component tests EN 255-3, EN 14511
Note that turndownhp plays no role for WH
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Indirect method: Back-up heater
Direct Method test
At Waterloadmax
Back-up
WH
Result:
Qfuelmax
Qelecmax
Direct Method test
At Waterloadmin
Result:
Qfuelmin
Qelecmin
Method as direct test methods
Linear interpolation
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Indirect method: Calculation
Tsnk
Back-up
WH
HP
tank
Tsrc
Calculation
Method
Annex IV
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ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
Smart Control Test
1 “learning week” with smart control disactivated
1 “smart week” with smart control activated
Tapping pattern both weeks as in table: WHL is selected tapping
pattern, WHL-1 is tapping pattern 1 smaller (e.g. If WHL=“M”
then WHL-1= “S”)
Difference in energy consumption between 2 weeks must be
>10%
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ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008
For opinion/ discussion
Annex IV could be considerably shorter and the small
inconsistencies between the methods could be removed (e.g.
on tolerances) if all direct methods in Annex F and G could be
harmonised into a universal method, possibly with subvariants...
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8.7.2008