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HORT METHODOLOGIES FOR IN

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SITU ASSESSMENT OF THE INTRINSIC THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF THE BUILDING ENVELOPE

Rémi BOUCHIE, CSTB Pierre BOISSON, Simon THEBAULT, CSTB Florent ALZETTO, Saint Gobain Recherche Adrien BRUN, CEA

PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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P

ERFORMER PROJECT

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Founded by the 7th Framework Program of the European Union (project cost 8,5 M €)

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Aims :

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To develop a comprehensive energy performance assessment framework for buildings

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To develop innovative methodologies

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To develop innovative tools (ICT tools, software…)

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Major European companies and research centers implicated:

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Reducing to gap between expected and actual energy performance of buildings

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A part of the gap is determined by intrinsic performance of the building envelope (workmanship quality), a specific task of PERFORMER Project is dedicated to find methods to measure in situ the thermal performance of a constructed envelope.

PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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EED FOR INNOVATIVE METHODS

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Methods with occupancy

■ Energy signature methods : ■ ■ ■ The “signature” include ventilation Occupant behaviour (i.e. windows opening) Solar gains ? Other energy uses (hot water) ?

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Methods with no occupancy

■ Most studied: the co heating test = “optimised” energy signature method (no occupancy, no ventilation, just heat consumption, method for solar gains…) ■ Good accuracy but practical problems: ■ ■ Applicable in cold climate/season (not in summer) Need about a month with no occupancy in the tested building ■

Need for innovative methods to reduce time duration for the test, development of “short” measurement methods (< 10 days max)

PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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SABELE METHOD

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Optimisation protocol:

External solicitations (measured) Heating power injected (controlled and measured)

Tested building

T int mes ≠ to minimize T int calc

Thermal modeling (RT 2012)

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Temperature difference minimized by adjusting:

■ ■ Thermal loss through the envelope (insulation + air infiltration) Dynamic parameters (energy stored of the thermal mass) ■

The “best” thermal loss coefficient HLC (W/K) obtained when measured and calculated internal temperature are the closest possible

PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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QUB

METHOD Objective : Measure the whole building heat loss in one night The simplest building model

R T EXT C T IN P(t)

𝑃 = 𝐾 0 𝑇 𝐼𝑁 − 𝑇 𝐸𝑋𝑇 + 𝐶 ∆𝑇 𝐼𝑁 ∆𝑡 Loss by transmission and infiltration Internal mass storage ■

Done during the night and without occupancy to avoid non measured additional power 5

INCAS

PLATFORM

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88 m 2 two-story individual house

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Roller blind closed to avoid radiations

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Temperature and energy consumption monitoring

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Use of in-house heating and ventilation system

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Electrical resistance on terminal part of the airflow network Limited ventilation losses using heat recovery system on exhausted air

PERFORMER project - 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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AIN RESULTS

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ISABELE method:

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QUB method:

Test method ISABELE QUB Heat Loss Coefficient HLC [W/K] 112 99 ■

INCAS IMA house very airtight, few thermal losses by air infiltration (≈ 1 W/K): global measured heat loss very closed to heat loss by thermal transmission alone

■ ■ Few thermal losses by air infiltration (H v,inf ≈ 1 W/K) Global measured heat loss HLC very closed to heat loss by thermal transmission alone: HLC ≈ H tr ■ H tr has been calculated using existing standards: H tr = 104 W/K ■

B OTH METHODS GIVE SIMILAR RESULTS , CLOSED TO EXPECTED VALUE

PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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D

ISCUSSIONS

Need for “reference” value…

■ ISABELE and QUB method are being tested and compared to co-heating test value ■ Feedback on methods applicability during warmer season (now…) ■

Feedback from a real building test (on Saint Teilo’s School, during easter holidays)

■ Is it possible to “deal with” existing in-house heating systems ?

■ Problem of a real building: counting heat consumption, complex envelope, big volume, non tested zone, solar gains… ■

Replicable on every buildings types ?

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Are you ready to leave your all building empty for several days (minimum) ? Sampling by small zones may be difficult…

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Can we imagine on ICT kit to run theses methods on real buildings ?

■ A key point: heating system: easy to control ? Possible to over-heat the tested building ? Easy to measure heat consumption alone ?...

PERFORMER project – Funded by the EC under the 7 th Framework Programme - Grant Agreement #609154

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