Transcript Disaster Management in F1 Racing
DR Mohd Zin Bidin
CMO Malaysian GP
DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN F1 RACING
By : DR MOHD ZIN BIDIN
Chief Medical Officer Petronas Malaysian Grand Prix Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Introduction
• • • Disaster can occur anytime, anywhere without warning.
The more you are prepared, the better you will be. When disaster occurs, our emergency response plan will determine the extent of injuries and damages sustained.
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Questions to ask
• • • • How well prepared are we when disasters occur?
What procedures do we have in place?
Who activates the Emergency Response Plan?
What potential emergency situations can occur?
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AIM
• To describe a system for response to a mass casualty incident as a result of disaster in F1 Racing.
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Scope
• • • • • Definitions.
Disaster -Causes -Declaration -Initiating a response Mass Casualty Incident Management Plan.
The Triage System.
Issues and Challenges.
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DEFINITIONS
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Definition
• Disaster – “An extreme disruption of the functioning of a society that causes widespread human, material, or environmental losses that exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using only its own recourses”. Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Definition
•
Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI)
An event that results in a number of victims large enough to disrupt the normal course of emergency and health care services.
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Definition of Triage
• • •
1.
A process for sorting injured people into groups based on their need for or likely benefit from immediate medical treatment. Triage is used in hospital emergency rooms, on battlefields, and at disaster sites when limited medical resources must be allocated.
2.
A system used to allocate a scarce commodity, such as food, only to those capable of deriving the greatest benefit from it.
3.
A process in which things are ranked in terms of importance or priority.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company .
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DISASTER
-Causes -Declaration -Initiating a response
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Possible Causes of Disaster in F1
• • • • • • • • • Race cars flying onto spectators.
Building collapse.
Air crash during air shows.
Bomb threat / explosions.
Fire.
Hazardous materials incidents.
Civil disobedience / Riots.
Terrorist incidents.
Stampede.
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Declaration of Disaster / Mass Casualty Incident
• • FIA / FOM and host country officials to assess severity of incidence.
Levels of implementation: a. Alert – notification of incident b. Stand –by c. Full activation and deployment d. Stand-down Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
• • • • •
Initiating a Response
Recognize when an emergency response must be initiated.
Notify officials, employees, spectators ,etc.
Make sure a single individual is in charge as Incident Commander.
Follow immediate emergency procedures.
Establish an Emergency Command Post on site.
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MCI MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Goals of MCI Management
• • Doing the greatest good for the greatest number. Managing scarce recourses effectively.
N/B Do not relocate the disaster – do not move the incidence to the hospital unless it is able to receive the types and numbers of patients.
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MCI Levels
• • • Level 1 (Local) - EMS personnel able to deal with the MCI effectively.
Level 2 (Regional) – Requires assistance and mutual aids from surrounding communities. Level 3 (National) – Of such a magnitude that local and regional assets are overwhelmed. National or International assistance is required.
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Medical Command Post
• • • • Established at the Track or Public Medical Centre.
CMO or DCMO becomes the Medical Incident Commander.
Unified command system.
Control, direct, coordinate.
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MCI Organization
1.Emergency Operation Center.
• • • • Incident commander Chief operation officer Chief planning officer Chief logistic officer –medical supply and transport 2. Emergency Response Team (First team on site).
• • • • • Onsite commander Search and rescue personnel Triage officers Treatment officers Transport officers Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
MCI Medical Set Up
• • • • • • • Medical Command Post Effective Transportation for medical evacuation Effective communication facilities Onsite medical facilities Continuous Medical supply Extrications facilities and expertise Efficient Triage System Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
• • • • • •
Incident Scene Assessment
Establish safety of the scene.
Obtain briefing from Scene Commander Assess extent of damage ,number and types of casualties.
Assess logistic requirements - Food, water, comm and tpt. Establish a command center.
Identify onsite management areas.
• Working areas • • Collection points Medical posts • N/B. First action need not be medical.
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First EMS Provider
• • • • Establish Medical Command Post Directs triage of all patients Assign tasks and responsibilities Assign resources to get key functions running Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Zoning System
• • • Red Zone Yellow Zone Green Zone Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Zone System
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Red Zone
• • • • Incident site. Search and rescue teams.
Fire, police, emergency services or those with certain expertise.
Recommended distance (> 100m) Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Yellow Zone
• • • Mobile crisis centre Posts for the search and rescue teams and other supporting teams Recommended distance (>200m) Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Green Zone
• • • • • • Media.
Relatives waiting area.
Counseling post.
Food and refreshment.
Mortuary and other voluntary agency.
Recommended distance (>300m).
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Incident Management System
• • • • • • List of ambulances who will respond.
Contact hospitals.
Hospitals should implement MCI plan.
Identify ambulance who will cover regular emergency calls.
All responders should report to IC first.
Duties and responsibilities of staff Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Positioning Arriving Vehicles
• • • • IC directs to appropriate sector.
Report to sector officer.
First ambulance on scene can be the Mobile Command Centre − Designate with a flag or device Once task is completed report back to sector officer.
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Patient Tagging
• • • • High Priority (1) = Red Second Priority (2) = Yellow Low Priority (3) = Green Priority 0 = Grey or Black Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Priority Levels
• Priority 1 − Airway and breathing difficulties.
− Uncontrolled or severe bleeding.
− Decreased mental status.
− Severe medical problems.
Poisoning, diabetic, cardiac − Severe burns − Shock (hypo perfusion) Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Priority Levels
• Priority 2 − Burn without airway problems.
− Major or multiple bone or joint injuries.
− Back injuries with or without spinal cord injuries.
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Priority Levels
• Priority 3 − Minor Burns or joint injuries.
− Minor soft tissue injuries.
− Obviously dead.
• Cardiac arrest − lowest priority − If EMS has enough personnel-highest priority.
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THE TRIAGE SYSTEM
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• • • • •
Triage
“To sort” Separates those requiring immediate care Rapid and simple life-saving intervention Reduces burden on capabilities Provides rational casualty distribution Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Goals of triage
− Assess the patient’s condition.
− Determine the urgency.
− Transport to appropriate hospital.
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Ideal Triage System
• • • • • Easy to perform Requires no advance skill No specific diagnosis Rapid and simple life-saving intervention Easily taught and learnt Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Doing the Greatest Good
• • • • • • Greatest good for the greatest number Intensive care in shortest possible time at site Salvage the most number of patients possible Do not try heroic resuscitation Concentrate on those we can treat DO NOT RELOCATE THE DISASTER Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
Managing a Triage
• Initial Assessment − − − Airway open? If not, open manually. If patient responds move to next casualty.
If patient is unresponsive, check breathing and pulse.
Check bleeding, if severe, apply pressure. − Then move to next patient.
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Managing a Triage
• • • • • • Begin where you stand Move those that can walk away from site ( green tag ) – the walking wounded Not breathing? Open and maintain airway ( Red tag ) No radial pulse ? Perform CPR ( red tag ) Can stand a delay in treatment and transport ( Yellow tag ) Deceased or unresponsive with no circulation (Black tag) Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
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• • • • • • • • • • •
Issues and Challenges
No top management commitment Poor or no planning in Emergency Response Plan.
Lack of coordination among agencies. Chaos in communication.
Lack of training and practice Problem of selection of designated leaders.
Procedures for shutting down critical functions and equipment. Accesibility to disaster areas Shortage of materials and logistics Crowd control VIP visitors Dr. Mohd Zin Bidin CMO Sepang International Circuit
THANK YOU
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