Transcript Configuring and Verifying OSPF Route Summarization

Configuring and
Verifying OSPF
Route
Summarization
Implementing a Scalable Multiarea Network OSPFBased Solution
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Summarization
 Networks are normally translated into type 3 LSAs in other areas.
 Route summarization is the consolidation of advertised
addresses.
– On ABR, summarize type 3 LSAs
– On ASBR, summarize type 5 LSAs
 A good addressing plan is required.
 A drawback is the possibility of suboptimal routing.
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Benefits of Route Summarization
 Minimizes the number of routing table entries
 Localizes the impact of a topology change
 Reduces LSA flooding and saves CPU resources
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Interarea Route Summarization
 A summary route will be generated if at least one subnet within
the area falls in the summary address range.
 A summarized route metric will be equal to the lowest cost of all
subnets within the summary address range.
 Only for the summary routes of connected areas:
– The ABR creates a route to Null 0 to avoid loops.
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Using Route Summarization
 Interarea summary link carries a mask
 One or more entries can represent several subnets
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Configure Interarea Route
Summarization
 Configures type 3 summarization on ABRs
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Route Summarization Configuration
Example at the ABR
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External Route Summarization
 Summarization can be used for external routes:
– on an AS boundary for type 5 LSAs (redistributed routes)
– on an NSSA ABR for type 5 translated from type 7
 A summary route to Null 0 will be created for each summary range
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Configure External Route Summarization
 Configures type 5 summarization of redistributed routes on
ASBRs
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Route Summarization Configuration
Example at ASBR
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Default Routes in OSPF
 A default route is injected into OSPF as an external type 5 LSA.
 Default route distribution is not on by default.
 Benefits of default routes include:
– A smaller routing table
– Fewer resources used in the router
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Configure OSPF Default Route
 The first command allows the ASBR to originate a type 5 default
route if it has the gateway of last resort.
 The second command allows the ASBR to originate a type 5
default route even if there is no gateway of last resort (optional).
 Use the route map to define a dependency on any condition
inside the route map (optional).
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Default Route Configuration Example
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Summary
 Route summarization improves CPU utilization, reduces LSA
flooding, and reduces routing table sizes.
 The area range command is used to summarize at
the ABR. The summary-address command is used to summarize
at the ASBR.
 Default routes can be used in OSPF to prevent the need for a
specific route to each destination network. The benefits include a
much smaller routing table and an LSDB with complete
reachability.
 OSPF uses the default-information originate command to inject
a default route.
© 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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