Transcript How to Calculate Your Emissions

PM
How to Calculate Your Emissions
2014 Emissions Inventory Workshop
General Equation
For most emission sources the following equation is used:
E = A * EF
Where
E = Calculated emissions
A = Activity or annual process rate
EF = Emission factor - determined by the method of calculation
Example sources:
• AP-42
• WebFire
• Permit
Process:
10-100 mmbtu/hr boiler
SCC:
10200602
Fuel:
Natural Gas
Capacity:
84 mmbtu/hr
Control:
Uncontrolled
US EPA CHIEF Website: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/index.html
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E = A * EF = ??? tons
E
A
EF
84 lbs
CO = 673 mmscf ∗
= 56,532 lbs
mmscf
Convert to tons:
ton
CO = 56,532 lbs ∗
= 28.266 tons
2,000 lbs
Process:
2 - Cycle Lean Burn Natural Gas Engine
SCC:
20200252
Fuel:
Natural Gas
Capacity:
1100 hp
Control:
Uncontrolled
US EPA CHIEF Website: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/index.html
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E = A * EF = ??? tons
E
A
EF
0.0552 lbs
Formaldehyde = 47000 mmBTU ∗
= 2,594 lbs
mmBTU
Convert to tons:
ton
= 1.297 tons
Formaldehyde = 2,594 lbs ∗
2,000 lbs
Process:
Reciprocating emergency generator
SCC:
20200102
Fuel:
Diesel
Capacity:
400 hp
Pollutant:
NOx
Factor:
604 lbs/1000 gal
Control:
Uncontrolled
Operation:
50 hours
Activity:
500 gal
Heat Content:
137 mmbtu/1000 gal
E = A * EF = ??? tons
E
A
EF
604 lbs
NOx = 500 gal ∗
= 302 lbs
1000 gal
Convert to tons:
ton
NOx = 302 lbs ∗
= 0.151 tons
2,000 lbs
Process:
Surface coating – spray painting
SCC:
40200101
Pollutant:
Xylene, VOC (non-HAP)
Paint:
Acrylic Red
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E = A * VOC Content * (Xylene:VOC Ratio) = ??? tons
8.75 lbs
Total VOC = 800 gal ∗
= 7,000 lbs = 3.5 tons
gal
0.08
Xylene = 3.5 tons ∗
= 1.12 tons
0.25
Now, for non-HAP VOC:
VOC (non-HAP) = Total VOC ̶ Xylene
VOC (non-HAP) = 3.5 tons − 1.12 tons = 2.38 tons
Process:
Pneumatic Controllers: High Bleed
SCC:
31000242
Pollutant:
VOC
Bleed Rate:
32.1 scf/hr whole gas
E = Gas Vented * VOC Content = ??? tons
Gas vented =
Bleed rate ∗ Hours ∗ Devices
32.1 𝑠𝑐𝑓
Gas vented = 5 devices ∗
1 hr
∗ 8760 hr = 1406 Mscf
VOC = Gas Vented ∗ Gas MW∗ wt. % VOC ∗ Conversion
𝑙𝑏
VOC = 1406 Mscf ∗ 19.25 𝑙𝑏∙𝑚𝑜𝑙 ∗ 0.13 % VOC ∗
VOC Emissions = 9,284 lb ∗
1 𝑡𝑜𝑛
2,000 lb
1 𝑙𝑏∙𝑚𝑜𝑙
379 𝑠𝑐𝑓
= 9,284 lb
= 4.642 tons VOC
Capture Efficiency:
The percentage of air emission that is collected and
routed to the control equipment. Most control
devices have a 100% capture efficiency.
Control Efficiency:
The percentage of air pollutant that is removed from
the air stream by the control device.
Process:
Primary Crushing
SCC:
30532001
Pollutant:
PM10
Control:
Water Spraying
E = A * EF * (1 – Control Efficiency) = ??? tons
E
A
EF
0.0024 lbs
PM 10 =1,361,120 tons ∗
= 3,267 lbs
ton
Account for control:
PM 10 = 3,267 lbs ∗ 1 − 0.777
Convert to tons:
ton
PM 10 = 729 lbs ∗
2,000 lbs
= 729 lbs
= 0.36 tons
Process:
Grain handling for feed manufacture
SCC:
30200801
Activity:
10,000 tons
Pollutant:
PM 10
Factor:
3 lbs/ton
Primary Control:
Cyclone
Secondary Control:
Baghouse
A Complex Situation: Capture Efficiency,
Primary Efficiency & Secondary Efficiency
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Capture Device: Hood
Capture Efficiency (CE) = 90% = 0.90
Therefore, the other 10% is emitted directly to the atmosphere
Primary control device: Cyclone
• The control equipment removes 80% of PM 10 from the emission stream.
Primary Efficiency (PE) = 80% = 0.80
Secondary control device: Baghouse
• The control equipment removes 98% of PM 10 from the emission stream.
Secondary Efficiency (SE) = 98% = 0.98
Total E = Captured E + Uncaptured E = ??? tons
Captured E = A * EF * CE * (1 – PE) * (1 – SE)
Uncaptured E = A * EF * (1 – CE)
Captured E = A * EF * CE * (1 – PE) * (1 – SE)
A
EF
3 lbs
PM 10 = 10,000 tons ∗
= 30,000 lbs
ton
Account for capture and controls:
CE
Captured PM 10 = 30,000 lbs ∗ 0.90 = 27,000 lbs
PE
SE
PM 10 = 27,000 lbs ∗ 1 − 0.80 ∗ 1 − 0.98 = 108 lbs
Uncaptured E = E * (1 – CE)
Uncaptured PM 10 = 30,000 lbs ∗ (1 − 0.90) = 3,000 lbs
Account for all PM 10 emissions:
Total PM 10 = Captured PM 10 + Uncaptured PM 10
Total PM 10 = 108 lbs + 3,000 lbs = 3,108 lbs
Convert to tons:
ton
Total PM 10 = 3,108 lbs ∗
= 1.554 tons
2,000 lbs
1
30,000 lbs of
PM generated
4
2
3,000 lbs of PM
emitted “not captured”
5
3
Amount to Hopper
27,000 lbs* 0.80 = 21,600 lbs
27,000 lbs– 21,600 lbs =
5,400 lbs to the Baghouse
27,000 lbs of
PM “captured” ,
sent to cyclone
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Amount to Hopper
5,400 lbs * 0.98 = 5,292 lbs
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Amount emitted to the atmosphere
5,400 lbs – 5,292 lbs = 108 lbs
108 lbs stack emissions + 3,000 lbs
“not captured,” emitted as a fugitive =
3,108 lbs = 1.554 tons
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If you would like to see an example calculation for
another industry, process, or control equipment not
presented today:
Please email [email protected] and we will create an
example for you.
Program Manager:
Mark Gibbs
[email protected]
Emissions Inventory Staff:
Cooper Garbe
[email protected]
Cody Lathrop
[email protected]
Michelle Horn
[email protected]
Justin Milton
[email protected]
Carrie Schroeder
[email protected]
http://www.deq.state.ok.us/aqdnew/emissions/index.htm