N4000 Nursing Research

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Transcript N4000 Nursing Research

Chapter 1 Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice

Introduction to the Course

Class Discussion Questions

 What was your reaction when you learned you were required to take a research course?

Class Discussion Questions (cont’d)  What is the value of a research course to you as a nurse?

What Is Research?

     To search again To examine carefully Diligent and systematic inquiry Discovery Goal is to develop an empirical body of knowledge for a discipline Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Definition of Nursing Research

  A scientific process that validates and refines existing knowledge and generates new knowledge that directly and indirectly influences nursing practice.

It is the key to building an evidence-based practice for nursing.

Using Research in Practice

    Synthesis of knowledge (research, theory, and clinical experiences) Effect of philosophy Making a change in practice Evaluation of change for patient, provider, and health care system Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Integrative Review of Research

  Critique of studies on a selected topic or practice problem Development of evidence-based practice guidelines:  Example: safe administration of intramuscular injections • Summarize the findings.

• Draw conclusions about what is known or not known about the topic.

Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines   Conscientious integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values and needs in the delivery of high quality, cost-effective health care Synthesis of knowledge for development of guidelines, standards, protocols, or policies to direct nursing interventions and practice Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Why Is Research Important for Evidence-Based Practice?

   Develops empirical knowledge base Identifies best practices that are based on clinical practices Improves outcomes for:  Patient and family   Nurse Health care system Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Nursing Research Provides:

Description

 Identifying and understanding the nature of nursing phenomena and the relationships among the phenomena to:    Describe what exists in nursing practice.

Discover new information.

Promote understanding of situations.

 Classify information for use in the discipline.

Explanation

Prediction

Control

BSN Researcher Role

    Identify research problems.

Assist with data collection.

Critique research studies.

Summarize research findings for use in practice.

Class Discussion Question

 Why should nurses be excellent consumers of research?

History of Nursing Research

   Nursing research has evolved slowly over the years.

Nursing research began in the 19th century with Florence Nightingale.

Clinical research is the current major focus of nursing research and will continue to be so throughout the 21st century.

Florence Nightingale

  Nightingale focused on the importance of a healthy environment for patients.

Nursing Research: 1900 –1940s

   

American Journal of Nursing

first published in 1900.

Case studies reported in the 1920s and 1930s.

Graduate programs in nursing began in the 1920s.

Research conducted by nurses in the 1940s.

Nursing Research: 1950s

    1950 —American Nurses Association begins 5-year study of nursing functions and activities.

1952 —

Nursing Research

published BSN and MS nursing programs add research to their curricula.

1953 —Institute for Research and Service in Nursing Education established by Teacher’s College, Columbia University.

Nursing Research: 1960s

  1963 —

International Journal of Nursing Studies

1967 —

Image

published by Sigma Theta Tau (now titled

The Journal of Nursing Scholarship

Nursing Research: 1970s

     1970 —ANA Commission on Nursing Research 1972 —Council of Nurse Researchers 1978 —

Advances in Nursing Science

1978 —

Research in Nursing and Health

1979 —

Western Journal of Nursing Research

Nursing Research: 1980s

      1982 –1983—Conduct and Utilization of Research in Nursing project (CURN) 1983 —

Annual Review of Nursing Research

1985 —National Center for Nursing Research (NCNR) 1987 —

Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice

1988 —

Applied Nursing Research

and

Nursing Science Quarterly

Nursing Research: 1990s

      1992 —

Clinical Nursing Research

1993 —National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) 1993 —

Journal of Nursing Measurement

1994 —

Qualitative Health Research

AHCPR renamed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ).

Nursing Research: 21

Century

    2000 —

Healthy People 2010

2000 —

Biological Research for Nursing

2002 —

Joint

Commission revised policies to support evidence-based care.

2004 —

Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing

21 Century

   2005 —AHRQ guidelines and priorities  www.ahrq.gov

Ways of Acquiring Knowledge in Nursing     Traditions Authority Borrowing Trial and error     Personal experience Role modeling Intuition Reasoning Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Practice Knowledge Base

   Identify two common behaviors used in your practice.

Indicate the knowledge base for these behaviors.

Is your practice based mainly on research or on other types of knowledge?

Nursing Research Methods

Quantitative Research Methods

Quantitative Research Characteristics      Philosophical origin: logical positivism Focus: concise, objective, reductionistic Reasoning: logistic, deductive Basis of knowing: cause-and-effect relationships Theoretical focus: tests theory Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Qualitative Research Methods

Qualitative Research Characteristics      Philosophical origin: naturalistic, interpretive, humanistic Focus: broad, subjective, holistic Reasoning: dialectic, inductive Basis of knowing: meaning, discovery, understanding Theoretical focus: theory development Copyright © 2011 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

Outcomes Research

  Focus of outcomes:   Patients and families Providers (nurses, physicians)  Health care systems Outcomes used change practice and develop policy.