Transcript ASEAN and Asia Pacific Regional Architecture
ASEAN and the Asia Pacific’s Role in Regional Architecture
AMBASSADOR ONG KENG YONG C O N F E R E N C E O N A S I A PA C I F I C R E G I O N A L E C O N O M I C I N T E G R AT I O N A N D A R C H I T E C T U R E 2 5 M A R C H 2 0 1 0 A U C K L A N D , N E W Z E A L A N D
Key Factors
1.
2.
3.
Historical baggage Individual countries’ experiences during World War II and their colonial encounters Diverse cultural, economic, political and social systems Sensitivities of race, religion and language Entrenched positions of big powers Especially in the determination of regional affairs
Regional Architecture
ASEAN developed regional mechanisms and processes Manage and balance competing interests Series of overlapping circles with ASEAN at its core Peace, prosperity and security
ASEAN Regional Forum
Established in 1994 Maintain peace and stability in the region Promote regional development and prosperity Three-stage process Stage 1 on Confidence Building Measures, Stage 2 on Preventive Diplomacy Stage 3 on Conflict Management Gradual evolutionary approach, decision-making by consensus Movement at a pace comfortable to all members
ASEAN Plus Three
Started in KL in December 1997 China setting the pace (ASEAN-China FTA) ASEAN moving strategically Driving force is economic and strengthening of ASEAN’s centrality
East Asia Summit
Started in KL in 2005 Addition to ASEAN Plus Three Process Inculcated bureaucratic cooperation and coherence Developed mutual confidence and trust Focused on more strategic issues Cooperation in energy security, finance, health pandemic, education, environment
ASEAN ASEAN Plus Three Additional members of the East Asia Summit
ADB’s Illustration of Regional and Trans-regional Forums
Source: ADB’s Emerging Asian Regionalism, A Partnership for Shared Prosperity
Regional Partnerships
East Asian community building: ASEAN+3 and EAS as complementary processes Regional countries engaged Broad range of regional challenges addressed Healthy sign Ongoing discussions – mechanisms can evolve Keep up with new challenges and changing international circumstances Important to maintain region’s delicate yet dynamic equilibrium
ASEAN’s Partnerships in Regional Contexts
Separately: ASEAN Plus One mechanisms with individual Dialogue Partners of ASEAN
FTA Strategy
Concluded FTAs China, RoK, Japan, Australia/New Zealand, India Encouraged more FTAs Talks with EU Joint study with Pakistan GCC in agreement to explore possibilities Trade and Investment Framework Agreement exists between ASEAN and USA
ASEAN External Economics Relations
ASEAN-Russia ASEAN-EU ASEAN-China FTA
ASEAN-Korea FTA ASEAN-Japan CEP
ASEAN-Pakistan ASEAN-GCC ASEAN-India FTA ASEAN-Australia New Zealand FTA ASEAN-Canada ASEAN-US TIFA
Asia Pacific community
Discussions on developing APc relevant APc is not an independent idea Must find its place among other elements of regional architecture ASEAN countries not entirely persuaded by the APc Lacks clarity Does not yet seem to fit comfortably among existing building blocks of the regional architecture APc should not diminish ASEAN’s central role in the regional architecture
Asia Pacific community (2)
Concern for ASEAN: Australia’s seemingly two-tier approach Create grouping of big regional powers Sit above existing structures Two-tier approach unlikely to serve the Asia-Pacific region well Basic philosophy: remain open and inclusive Be transparent Better to rely on ASEAN-centric approach An ASEAN Plus Eight (ASEAN Ten, China, Japan, RoK, India, Australia, NZ, Russia, USA)?
Conclusion
ASEAN lies at the heart of many multilateral initiatives Well placed to play unique role in evolving regional architecture Rise of big powers and new developments Challenges Closer engagement with countries who can contribute to peace and stability in the region
Thank You
One Vision, One Identity, One Community