Transcript FM Global - Metro Building Inspectors

Today’s Presentation:
Codes & Approvals
J157
RPM Building Solutions Group is a Registered Provider with
The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education
Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will
be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates
of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing
professional education. As such, it does not include content
that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or
endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or
any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or
dealing in any material or product. Questions related to
specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed
at the conclusion of this presentation.
J157
Copyright Materials
This presentation is protected by US and
International Copyright laws. Reproduction,
distribution, display and use of the presentation
without written permission of the speaker is
prohibited.
© Tremco 2007
J157
Learning Objectives
At the end of this session, you will be able to:
• Have an understanding of UL and the different
test methods for roof systems
• Have an understanding of FM Global and the
different test methods for roof systems
• Have an understanding of the International
Building Code and how it references both
UL & FM Global
J157
Codes & Approvals
J157
J157
International Building Code
• Developed to provide one national model building
code
• Currently being adopted by states, counties, and local
jurisdictions
• Performance based code
• Roofing section based upon BOCA code
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Performance Requirements:
• Fire Resistance
• Roof coverings shall be classified for resistance to
external fire exposure (Class A, B, or C)
• Test Methods – UL 790 or ASTM E-108
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Performance Requirements:
• Wind Resistance
• Roof coverings shall be designed to withstand
wind loads based upon wind speed, building
height, location, and importance (ASCE 7)
• Test Methods – UL 580, UL 1897, FM 4450, or
FM 4470
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Performance Requirements:
• Impact Resistance
• Roof covering shall resist impact damage.
• Test Methods – ASTM D 3746, 4272, CGSB 3752M, or FM 4470
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Prescriptive Requirements:
• Slope
• Built-up, modified-bitumen, and single-ply roofs
shall have a design slope of minimum ¼”:12” for
drainage
• Exception: Coal tar roofs shall have a minimum
slope of 1/8”:12”
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Prescriptive Requirements:
• Material Standards
• Roof covering materials shall comply with
referenced standards
• Asphalt Glass Felts – ASTM D 2178
• Asphalt Used in Roofing – ASTM D 312
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Re-Roofing Requirements:
• General
• Materials used to replace or recover an existing
roof covering shall meet the requirements of
Chapter 15
• No more than 25% of a roof shall be removed and
replaced in a one year period unless the entire roof
covering is made to conform to the requirements
for new roofing
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Re-Roofing Requirements:
• Exception
• Re-roofing shall not be required to
meet the minimum slope requirement of ¼”:12”
for roofs that provide positive drainage
J157
International Building Code
Chapter 15 – Roof Assemblies
Re-Roofing Requirements:
• Recovering vs. Replacing – New roof coverings
shall not be installed without removing the existing
roof coverings when any of the following conditions
occur:
• Where the existing roof is water soaked or has
deteriorated to the point where it is not an adequate base
for a new roof
• Where the existing roof is wood shake, slate, clay,
cement, or asbestos-cement tile
• Where the existing roof has two or more applications of
any type of roof covering
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
FM Global
J157
Codes & Approvals
UL Classifications / FM Approvals
• Document Compliance With:
• Building Codes
• Protecting the publics health,
safety, and welfare
• Insurance Requirements
• Minimize loss potential
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL’s Mission:
• Testing for Public Safety
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• History
• Founded by William Henry Merrill in 1894
• Established safety standards for electrical
products
• Early 1900s began testing:
• Gas engines
• Fire extinguishers
• Roof systems
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• History
• Today
• UL Standards for safety cover everything
from the electrical box in your basement to
the roof over your head
• UL is the largest, independent, not-forprofit testing agency in North America
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL Tests For Roof Systems
• UL 790 - External Fire Resistance
• UL 1256 - Internal Fire Resistance
• UL 1897 - Wind Uplift Resistance (roof
covering only)
• UL 580 - Wind Uplift Resistance (roof
covering and deck)
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL 790 – External Fire Resistance
• Class A
• Effective against severe fire exposure and provide a
high degree of protection to the roof deck
• Class B
• Effective against moderate fire exposure and provide
a moderate degree of protection to the roof deck
• Class C
• Effective against light fire exposure and provide a
measurable degree of protection to the roof deck
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL 790 – External Fire Resistance
• Spread-of-Flame Test
• Surface Test
• Measures the distance a flame spreads on a
simulated roof panel
• Class A – 6 feet or under
• Class B – 8 feet or under
• Class C – 13 feet or under
• System must not produce burning brands,
slip from place, or expose the roof deck
J157
Tests for Roof Coverings
UL 790 – Three Parts to Fire Test
• Spread of Flame test
• Intermittent Flame test
• Burning Brand test
J157
J157
Spread of Flame Test
J157
J157
Tests for Roof Coverings
Spread of Flame test
• Surface Test – Measures distance flame
spreads on simulated roof panel
• Class “A” – under 6 feet
• Class “B” – under 8 feet
• Class “C” – under 13 feet
• System must not produce flying brands, slip
from place or expose roof deck.
J157
J157
Tests for Roof Coverings
Intermittent Flame test
• Tests of roof system’s penetration
resistance.
Look for:
• Deck burn through
• Flying brands
J157
J157
Intermittent Flame Test
J157
J157
Tests for Roof Coverings
Burning Brand test
Brands are ignited and placed on simulated roof panel.
• Class “A” brand – 12” x 12”
• Class “B” brand – 6” x 6”
• Class “C” brand – 1 1/2” x 1 1/2”
• Also a penetration resistance test
J157
J157
Burning Brand Test
J157
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL 790 / ASTM E 108
• ASTM E 108 Test Method is identical to UL
790
• ASTM adopted the UL 790 as the E 108 in 1955
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL 1256 - Internal Fire Resistance
• Fire Test of Roof Deck Constructions
• Spread of fire on underside of roof deck
• Evaluates a roofing systems fuel
contribution to a fire below the deck
• Critical for building with large, open,
interior space
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL 1897 – Wind Uplift Resistance
• Uplift Resistance of Roofing Systems
• Measures securement of the roof covering to
the roof deck
• 10 ft x 10 ft pressure vessel
• Static pressure test
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL 580 – Wind Uplift Resistance
• Uplift Resistance of Roofing Systems
• Measures securement of the roof covering to
the deck and deck securement to structural
supports
• 10 ft x 10 ft pressure vessel
• Static and oscillating pressure test
J157
Codes & Approvals
Underwriters Laboratories
• UL Follow-Up Service
• All products used in a UL Classified system
must bear the UL label and participate in the
follow-up inspection program
• Products must undergo unannounced quarterly
inspections at point of production
• Continued use of the UL label is dependent
upon continued compliance with original
product specs
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FMG’s Mission:
• Loss Prevention
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• History
• Formed to support the Factory Mutual System
(group of insurance companies)
• Allendale
• Arkwright
• Protection Mutual
• Merged in 1999 to form the FM Global
Insurance Company
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM Approvals
• A division of FM Global established to:
• Set standards for building materials and methods
• Test products and systems
• Publish FMG Approved materials and systems in
the Building Materials Approval Guide
• Publish Loss Prevention Data Sheets
J157
FM Approvals
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Class 1
• Passes all 7 tests called for in the 4470
Standard
• Class 2
• Fails one or more tests
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Fire above the roof deck
• ASTM E-108
• Class C minimum
• Fire below the roof deck
• FM Calorimeter
• Measures heat release and fuel
contribution rates of roofing systems
J157
J157
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Wind Uplift
• 12 ft x 24 ft pressure vessel
• Static air pressure supplied from
underneath roof system to simulate uplift
force
• Highest pressure held for 1 minute without
failure becomes the uplift rating in psf
• Minimum rating of 60 psf
J157
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM Loss Statistics
• Windstorm Losses 1979-89
• Steel Roof Decks
• 1,256 Losses
• $476 Million Total Claims Paid
• Average Loss of $379,000
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Hail Damage Test
• Tripod Test
• Steel ball is dropped onto roof system
• Class 1-SH: 1-3/4” ball weighing 0.79
lbs dropped from 17 ft, 9-1/2” (14 ft lb)
• Class 1-MH: 2” ball weighing 1.625
lbs dropped from 5 ft. (8 ft lb)
• No splitting or cracking permitted
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Susceptibility to Leakage Test
• Head of water test
• Column of water placed over weathered
roof sample
• No leakage after 7 days
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Resistance to Foot Traffic Test
• 200 lb load imposed four times on a 3”
square plate
• Load placed over weakest element
• No tearing or cracking of the membrane
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard
• Fastener Corrosion Test
• Fasteners are exposed to 15 cycles of
weathering
• 8 hours exposure to saturated air with mild
sulfur dioxide solution followed by 16
hours dry time
• No more than 15% surface area can show rust
J157
Codes & Approvals
FM Global
• FM 4470 Test Standard Summary
• ASTM E-108 (Fire Above Deck)
• FM Calorimeter (Fire Below Deck)
• Wind Uplift
• Hail Damage
• Water Leakage
• Foot Traffic
• Fastener Corrosion
• Class 2 fails to pass one or more tests
J157
This concludes The American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems Program
J157
Building
Life.
Managed.
J157
© 2007 Tremco