Transcript 主谓一致.doc

主谓一致
Subject-verb Concord
基本规律
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谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语一致。
如果主语是一个抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形
式。
Smoking cigarettes is hazardous to your
health.
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当主语中包含有and或both…and…时，如果它
表示一个单一概念，谓语要用单数动词，否则
用复数动词。
The iron and steel industry plays an
important part in our national economy.
To try and fail is better than not to try at all.
To mean to do something and to actually
do something are two separate things.
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如果主语是单数，后面跟有with, together
with, as well as, no less than, like, but,
except等引起的短语，谓语动词仍旧用单数
形式。
Justice, as well as the law, demands that
these bandits be severely punished.
Nobody but Xiao Li and Xiao Wang was
there.
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each, 和由some, any, no, every构成的复合
代词，都作单数看待。
Each of us has something to say.
either, neither通常作单数看待。
Neither of us has gone through regular
training.
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Many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语
时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Many a person has had that kind of
experience.
More than one person was involved in the
case.
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either…or或neither…nor连接两个主语时，
谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or Lao Yang is to do the work.
在由there或here引起的句子中，如果主语不
止一个，谓语也遵循“邻近一致”的原则。
Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some
paper for you.
以集体名词作主语
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通常作复数的集体名词，如police, people,
cattle, poultry
Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef
and hides.
通常作不可数名词的集体名词，如machinery,
equipment, furniture, merchandise
The merchandise has arrived undamaged.
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即可作单数也可作复数的集体名词，如
audience, committee, class, crew, family,
government, public等。
如其表示整体，动词用单数。如果侧重其集体
成员上，动词用复数。
His family isn’t very large.
His family are all music lovers.
The audience was enormous.
The audience were greatly moved at the
words.
以数量概念名词词组作主语
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表示确定数量的名词词组(时间、金钱、距离)
通常被看成整体，动词用单数；但是如果被看
成个体，动词用复数。
The treasurer thought that 200 dollars was
too much to ask.
There were six silver dollars in each of the
stockings.
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以算式作主语，谓语动词通常用单数。
Seven plus five makes twelve.
Forty divided by eight is five.
在one in/one out of+复数名词作主语时，谓
语通常用单数。
One in ten students has failed the exam.
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如果主语是“分数（百分比）+ of-词组”或
者一般表示非确定数量的名词词组时，如all
of, some of, none of, half of, most of, lots
of, plenty of +名词，谓语动词的形式依of词组中的名词类别而定。
35% of the doctors were women.
Half of the building was damaged in the
explosion.
Plenty of the sugar is imported from
Cuba.
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如果主语是由 “a portion of, a series of, a
pile of, a panel of +名词”构成，不管名词类
别为何，动词通常用单数。
A substantial portion of the reports is
missing.
A series of accidents has been reported.
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a kind /sort/type of, this kind/ sort/ type of
后面接单数或不可数名词，动词用单数。
That type of car is old-fashioned.
these kinds of, many/ several kinds of后面
可以接单数或不可数名词，也可以接复数名词，
动词都用复数。
These types of car are imported from
Japan.
There are several sorts of cheese for sale
in the shop.
Those kinds of insects are harmful.
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Because fuel supplies are finite and many
people are wasteful, we will have to install
___ solar heating device in our home.
A) some type of
B) some types of a
C) some type of a
D) some types of
Practice
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The pair of trousers (costs, cost) fifty
dollars.
The United Nations (was, were) formed in
San Francisco in 1945.
He suffers from diabetes, which (is, are) a
kind of chronic disease.
Fish and chips (is, are) getting very
expensive.
John, rather than his roommates, (is, are) to
blame.
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The statistics (proves, prove) that living
standards in the area have improved
drastically in recent times.
Many a (boy, boys) (was, were)
disappointed after seeing the film.
Two-thirds of the people (is, are) against
the plan.
All of the fruit (looks, look) ripe.